Urinary System & Nursing Practices

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Questions and Answers

The primary function of the kidneys in the urinary system is:

  • To transport urine from the bladder to the exterior of the body.
  • To provide the first formation of urine. (correct)
  • To contract and excrete urine from the body.
  • To store urine before it is excreted.

Which of the following best describes the role of the ureters in the urinary system?

  • They are storage for urine.
  • They are tubes for urine transport from the kidneys to the bladder. (correct)
  • They filter waste products from the blood.
  • They are responsible for the final excretion of urine.

What is the main purpose of the urinary bladder?

  • To filter the blood and create urine.
  • To regulate blood pressure.
  • To store urine temporarily before excretion. (correct)
  • To transport urine out of the body.

The urethra has which primary function in the urinary system?

<p>Excreting urine from the bladder to outside of the body. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The urinary system plays a critical role in:

<p>Maintaining homeostasis. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What process leads to the formation of urine in the kidneys?

<p>Filtration of wastes and extra water from blood. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What initiates the feeling of urination?

<p>The transmission of urine to the urinary bladder. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the average amount of urine excreted by a healthy individual per day?

<p>1000-1500 ml (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Micturition refers to:

<p>The process of urination. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which factor is least likely to affect urine excretion?

<p>Eye color (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A patient is producing less than 500mL of urine per day. Which term accurately describes this condition?

<p>Oliguria (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the clinical term for painful or difficult urination?

<p>Dysuria (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which condition involves the involuntary loss of urine?

<p>Incontinence (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the medical term that describes the presence of erythrocytes in the urine?

<p>Hematuria (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Urinary retention is best described as:

<p>The accumulation of urine due to the inability to urinate. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A key indication of urinary retention is:

<p>Inability to urinate for hours accompanied by bladder distention. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which is the most common type of urinary tract infection (UTI)?

<p>Bladder or urethra infection (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an easy urinary excretion application that can be implemented to aid a patient?

<p>Encouraging a comfortable sitting position. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

To help stimulate the urination reflex, which of the following actions can be taken?

<p>Hitting the inner surface of the thighs. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A urinary catheter's function is to:

<p>Collect urine from the bladder. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of catheter is typically used for long-term catheterization?

<p>Long-term catheter (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A urinary catheter might be recommended if a patient experiences:

<p>Urinary incontinence. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key aspect to consider when using instruments related to the urinary system?

<p>Ensuring sterility. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A Nelaton catheter is best described as:

<p>A short-term catheter. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does a Foley catheter differ from a Nelaton catheter?

<p>It is typically a permanent catheter with more than one lumen. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What consideration should be made when choosing a catheter for urinary catheterization?

<p>Patient's age and gender (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What inflation volume of sterile water is recommended for adult patients when using a balloon catheter?

<p>10 ml (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What position is typically preferred for urinary catheterization in males?

<p>Supine (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When performing urinary catheterization, the genital organs should be cleaned with:

<p>Antiseptic solution (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following steps for catheter insertion requires sterile technique?

<p>Lubricating the catheter (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A common complication associated with urinary catheters is:

<p>Urinary tract infections (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

If a patient experiences urethral injury during catheter insertion, this is considered:

<p>A complication of urinary catheters (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Before removing a urinary catheter, what action must be taken regarding the balloon?

<p>Deflate it completely (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of exercise may be needed before catheter removal?

<p>Bladder exercises (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

External catheters, also known as condom catheters, are primarily used to manage:

<p>Urinary incontinence (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How frequently should a condom catheter be replaced to avoid irritation?

<p>Every 24 hours (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What potential complication is most associated with condom catheters?

<p>Edema (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one advantage of patient underpads?

<p>Convenient method to help prevent urinary tract infection (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the general procedure for bladder irrigation?

<p>Flushing out the urinary bladder with a specified solution (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

For what purpose is a 3-way lumen catheter mainly used?

<p>For bladder irrigation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

To prevent urine from returning back to the bladder, it is important to:

<p>Ensure that the urine bag is kept lower than the bladder level. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How often should urine be evacuated in case of urinary catheter?

<p>Every 8 hours (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The kidneys are primarily located in which region of the body?

<p>Lumbar region (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of the urinary bladder in the urinary system?

<p>Storing urine (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Urine excretion involves a series of steps. Choose the most appropriate sequence:

<p>Blood circulation -&gt; kidneys -&gt; ureters -&gt; urinary bladder -&gt; urethra (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

During micturition, which physiological action facilitates the excretion of urine?

<p>Contraction of the bladder (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the expected range of urine production in a healthy adult per day?

<p>1000-1500 ml (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is least likely to directly affect the amount of urine excreted by an individual?

<p>Height (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A patient presents with anuria. Which of the following conditions best aligns with this diagnosis?

<p>Inability to urinate at all (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What term describes a condition where an individual experiences the need to urinate more than once during the night?

<p>Nocturia (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary symptom observed in urinary retention?

<p>Inability to urinate for hours (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is considered the most common type of urinary tract infection (UTI)?

<p>Infection of the bladder or urethra (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

To stimulate the urination reflex in a patient, which non-invasive technique may be applied?

<p>Pouring warm water on the pelvic region (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

If a doctor recommends the use of a urinary catheter on a patient, what condition might the patient be experiencing?

<p>Urinary retention (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When performing urinary catheterization, what is a key principle of practice?

<p>Maintaining a sterile environment for urinary instruments (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What size range (in French units, Fr) is typically recommended for urinary catheters in women?

<p>14-16 Fr (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What position is typically preferred for urinary catheterization in male patients?

<p>Supine position (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

During urinary catheterization, how should the genital organs be prepared?

<p>Cleaned three times with antiseptic solution (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended volume of sterile water for inflating the balloon of a Foley catheter in adult patients?

<p>10 ml (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What action should be taken immediately before removing a urinary catheter?

<p>Deflate the balloon (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How often should a condom catheter typically be replaced to maintain hygiene and prevent skin irritation?

<p>Every 24 hours (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

During bladder irrigation, which type of catheter is typically used to manage the inflow and outflow of fluids?

<p>Triple-lumen catheter (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Kidneys

The kidneys are located in the lumbar region and provide the first formation of urine.

Ureters

A pair of tubes that carry urine from the kidneys to the urinary bladder.

Urinary Bladder

A sac-like hollow organ used for the storage of urine.

Urethra

The tube through which urine passes from the bladder to the exterior of the body.

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Vulva

Female external genitalia.

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Meatus

Where the urethra opens to the outside.

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Penis

Male sex and urinary excretory organ

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Perineum

A mass of skin, muscle and connective tissue localized between the vagina and anus in a woman.

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Urinary System

Also known as the renal system, produces, stores and eliminates urine, the fluid waste excreted by the kidneys.

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Micturition (Urination)

The act of bladder contraction, when urine is excreted from the body through the urethra.

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Oliguria

Output of less than 500mL/day of urine.

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Anuria

Output of less than 50mL/day or complete inability to urinate.

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Polyuria

Increased volume of urine; more than 2 liters of urine in 24 hours.

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Hematuria

Presence of erythrocytes (red blood cells) in the urine.

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Dysuria

Painful or difficult urination.

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Enuresis

Involuntary urination during sleep.

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Nocturia

The need to urinate more than once a night, waking the individual.

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Incontinence

Involuntary loss of urine.

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Urinary Retention

Accumulation of urine within the bladder due to the inability to urinate, causing bladder distention.

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Urinary Incontinence

Involuntary loss of urine.

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Urinary Tract Infection

A urinary tract infection, or UTI, is a bacterial infection of any part of the urinary tract, which includes the bladder, kidneys, ureters, and urethra.

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Urinary Catheter

A hollow, partially flexible tube that collects urine from the bladder and leads to a drainage bag.

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Nelaton Catheter

A non-permanent catheter used for short-term drainage.

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Foley Catheter

A type of permanent catheter, preferred for longer applications.

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Urinary catheterization position in male

In male, the patient is placed in supine position.

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Urinary catheterization position in female

In female, dorsal recumbent position

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Condom catheter

External Catheters, also commonly referred to as condom catheters or male catheters, are used by men to treat urinary incontinence.

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Bladder Irrigation

Bladder irrigation can be defined as a process of flushing out or washing out the urinary bladder with specified solution.

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Urinary Catheter Care

To prevent the risk of infection, the catheter should be inserted using aseptic technique and sterile material and properly fixed

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Study Notes

  • The slides cover the urinary system, its organs and applications, focusing on nursing practices related to it.
  • The goal is to enable nurses to perform necessary nursing practices related to the urinary system.
  • The purpose is to apply appropriate nursing interventions for diagnosis and treatment.

Urinary System Organs

  • Kidneys are in the lumbar region and responsible for the initial formation of urine.
  • Ureters are a pair of tubes carrying urine from the kidneys to the urinary bladder.
  • The urinary bladder is a sac-like organ for urine storage.
  • The urethra is the tube that carries urine from the bladder to the exterior of the body.
  • Vulva refers to the female external genitalia.
  • The meatus is where the urethra opens to the outside.
  • The penis functions as the male sex and urinary excretory organ.
  • The perineum is a mass of skin, muscle, and connective tissue between the vagina and anus in women.

Urinary System Function

  • Also known as the renal system, it produces, stores, and eliminates urine, which is fluid waste.
  • The kidneys filter wastes and extra water from the blood to make urine.
  • It plays an important role in maintaining homeostasis.

Urine Elimination Process

  • Urine is formed via blood circulation, as inorganic salts, nitrogenous substances, and water come to the kidneys.
  • Ureters transport urine to the bladder through rhythmic movements.
  • Urination, known as micturition, happens when the bladder contracts and urine is excreted through the urethra.

Urine Volume and Frequency

  • There is a need for excretion when the bladder contains 250-500 ml of urine.
  • A healthy person produces 1000-1500 ml of urine per day.
  • Urination usually happens 4-6 times in a 24-hour period.

Factors Affecting Urine Excretion

  • Age and development
  • Socio-cultural factors
  • Psychological factors
  • Fluid intake
  • Diseases
  • Surgical interventions
  • Medicines

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