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Questions and Answers
Which of the following is a general function of the kidney?
What is the role of Erythropoietin secreted by the kidney?
Which hormone promotes water reabsorption at the collecting ducts and distal convoluted tubules?
What is the function of Dihydroxy cholecalciferol secreted by the kidney?
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In prolonged starvation, how can the kidney control blood glucose levels?
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Study Notes
General Functions of the Kidney
- Regulates fluid balance and maintains electrolyte levels in the body.
- Filters waste products from the blood, excreting them through urine.
- Plays a role in acid-base balance, helping to regulate pH levels.
Role of Erythropoietin
- Stimulates erythropoiesis, the production of red blood cells in the bone marrow.
- Released in response to low oxygen levels in the blood.
- Contributes to increased oxygen-carrying capacity of the blood, enhancing tissue oxygenation.
Hormone Promoting Water Reabsorption
- Antidiuretic hormone (ADH), also known as vasopressin, facilitates water reabsorption in the collecting ducts and distal convoluted tubules.
- Enhances the permeability of these tubules, allowing more water to be reabsorbed back into the bloodstream.
Function of Dihydroxy Cholecalciferol
- Also known as calcitriol, it aids in calcium and phosphate metabolism.
- Promotes absorption of calcium from the gastrointestinal tract and maintains bone health.
- Plays a crucial role in regulating serum calcium levels, important for various physiological functions.
Kidney Control of Blood Glucose in Prolonged Starvation
- Under starvation conditions, the kidneys can produce glucose through gluconeogenesis, converting amino acids and other substrates into glucose.
- This process helps maintain blood glucose levels when dietary intake is insufficient, essential for energy supply, especially for the brain and red blood cells.
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Description
Test your knowledge on the general functions of the urinary system, including excretion of waste products, maintenance of water and electrolyte balance, regulation of blood pressure, and endocrine functions.
