18 Questions
What is the primary function of the renal corpuscle in the nephron?
To filter waste and excess substances from the blood
What is the main role of the nephron in the kidney?
To function as factories for urine production and blood filtration
Which of the following blood vessels is responsible for supplying oxygenated blood to the nephron?
Afferent arteriole
What is the approximate number of nephrons in each kidney?
1-4 million
What is the primary function of the kidneys in blood filtration?
To filter waste and excess substances from the blood
Which of the following structures is NOT part of the nephron?
Urinary bladder
What is the main function of the renal corpuscle in the nephron?
Blood filtration
What is the structure that surrounds the glomerular capillaries and has pedicels that grasp them like fingers around a broom handle?
Podocytes
What is the name of the chamber between the visceral and parietal layers of Bowman's capsule?
Bowman's space
What is the term for the part of the nephron where the afferent and efferent arterioles enter and exit, respectively?
Vascular pole
What is the main function of the renal tubules in the nephron?
Reabsorption of essential nutrients
What is the structure that collects the urine and passes it to the ureters to be expelled later through the urethra?
Collecting duct
What is the main function of the mesangial cells in the glomerulus?
To provide structural support and synthesize ECM
What is the term for the small spaces between the podocyte processes?
Filtration slits
What is the shape of the lumen in the proximal convoluted tubule?
Star-shaped
What is the main difference between the proximal convoluted tubule and the distal convoluted tubule?
Length and number of tubules
What is the function of the podocyte processes in the glomerulus?
To form a barrier for filtration of blood
What is the location of the extraglomerular mesangial cells?
Outside the glomerulus, near the vascular pole
This quiz covers the general functions of the urinary system, including excretion of nitrogenous wastes, osmoregulation, and production of renin and erythropoietin. It also explores the components of the kidney.
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