Urinary System Anatomy Terms Matching Exercise

afferent arteriole = Carries blood into the glomerulus of the nephron Bowman’s capsule = Part of the nephron that consists of Bowman’s capsule and the glomerulus cortex = Outer parenchyma of the kidney that contains the renal corpuscle and proximal and distal convoluted tubules of the nephron Gerota’s fascia = Another term for the renal fascia; the kidney is covered by the renal capsule, perirenal fat, Gerota’s fascia, and pararenal fat

hilus = Area of kidney where vessels, ureter, and lymphatics enter and exit major calyces = Receive urine from the renal pyramids; form the border of the renal sinus minor calyces = Receive urine from the major calyces to convey to the renal pelvis nephron = Functional unit of the kidney; includes a renal corpuscle and a renal tubule

renal corpuscle = Site of filtration in the kidney; contains water, salts, glucose, urea, and amino acids renal pelvis = Area in the midportion of the kidney that collects urine before entering the ureter retroperitoneum = Area in the midportion of the kidney that collects urine before entering the ureter urethra = Small, membranous canal that excretes urine from the urinary bladder

<p>arcuate arteries = Small vessels found at the base of the renal pyramids; appear as echogenic structures blood urea nitrogen (BUN) = Laboratory measurement of the amount of nitrogenous waste and creatinine in the blood calyx = Part of the collecting system adjacent to the pyramid that collects urine and is connected to the major calyx creatinine = A product of metabolism; laboratory test that measures the ability of the kidney to get rid of waste</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>efferent arteriole = Small vessel that carries blood from the glomerulus of the nephron and conducts blood to the peritubular capillaries that surround the renal tubule glomerulus = Network of capillaries that are part of the filtration process in the kidney homeostasis = Maintenance of normal body physiology loop of Henle = Portion of a renal tubule lying between the proximal and distal convoluted portions; reabsorption of fluid, sodium, and chloride occurs here and in the proximal convoluted tubule</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>medulla = Inner portion of the renal parenchyma that contains the loop of Henle Morison’s pouch = Right posterior subhepatic space located anterior to the kidney and inferior to the liver where fluid may accumulate renal pyramid = One of several conical masses of tissue that form the kidney medulla; each consists of the loops of Henle and the collecting tubules of the nephrons renal hilum = Area in the midportion of the kidney where the renal vessels and ureter enter and exit</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>renal sinus = Central area of the kidney that includes the calyces, renal pelvis, renal vessels, fat, nerves, and lymphatics specific gravity = Laboratory tests that measure how much dissolved material is present in the urine ureters = Retroperitoneal structures that exit the kidney to carry urine to the urinary bladder urinary bladder = Muscular retroperitoneal organ that serves as a reservoir for urine</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>columns of Bertin = Bands of cortical tissue that separate the renal pyramids; may mimic a renal mass on ultrasound dromedary hump = Normal variant that occurs on the left kidney as a bulge on the lateral border ectopic kidney = Located outside of the normal position, most often in the pelvic cavity horseshoe kidney = Congenital malformation in which both kidneys are joined together by an isthmus, most commonly at the lower poles</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>hydronephrosis = Dilation of the renal collecting system renal agenesis = Interruption in the normal development of the kidney resulting in absence of the kidney; may be unilateral or bilateral renal capsule = First layer adjacent to the kidney that forms a tough, fibrous covering urolithiasis = Stone within the urinary system</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Descending loop (of Henle) = 17. Collecting tubule = 16. Pyramid (renal pyramid) = 16. Glomerulus = 14.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Ascending loop (of Henle) = 2. Capsule (renal capsule) = 5. Cortex (renal cortex) = 3. Major calyx = 12.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Minor calyces (singular: calyx) = 13. Perinephric fat = 10. Perinephric fascia = 9. Renal artery = 11.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Renal vein = 8. Pelvis (renal pelvis) = 6. Ureter = 7. Medullary rays = Pelvis</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Afferent arteriole</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Renal corpuscle</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Urethra</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Hilus</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Nephron</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Minor calyces</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Supply blood to the renal medulla</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Renal pelvis</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Filtration of blood to form urine</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Potential space for fluid accumulation</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Indicates the efficiency of kidney filtration</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Carry blood away from the glomerulus after filtration</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Reabsorption of water and electrolytes</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Housing renal vessels, fat, nerves, and lymphatics</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Concentration of dissolved material in urine</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Transporting urine from kidneys to urinary bladder</p> Signup and view all the answers