Ureteral Compression Quiz

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What is the recommended position for the cassette during an X-ray procedure for the patient's abdomen?

At the level of the umbilicus

Above the low costal margin

At the level of the low costal margin (correct)

Below the low costal margin

When is the exposure made during an X-ray procedure for the patient's abdomen?

During full inspiration

During a deep breath hold

During a cough

During full expiration (correct)

What is the purpose of the immobilization band during an X-ray procedure for the patient's abdomen?

To reduce radiation exposure

To provide comfort to the patient

To improve image quality

To prevent the patient from moving (correct)

Where should the X-ray beam be collimated during an X-ray procedure for the patient's abdomen?

Just within the margins of the cassette Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended respiratory state during an X-ray procedure for the patient's abdomen?

Full expiration Signup and view all the answers

What type of projections can be taken to show the change in the relative position of calculi and bladder?

Antero-posterior and oblique projections Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference in mobility between calculi within the urinary bladder and calcification outside the bladder?

Calculi within the bladder are more mobile Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of caudal angulation in projecting the symphysis below the bladder?

To project the symphysis below the bladder Signup and view all the answers

What is the most effective way to distinguish between prostatic calculi and urinary bladder calculi?

Oblique projections Signup and view all the answers

What is the condition of urinary bladder calculi?

Mobile Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended diet for a patient prior to renal tract radiography?

Low-residue diet Signup and view all the answers

What should be the size of the cassette used during antero-posterior radiography of the abdomen and pelvis?

35*43 cm cassette Signup and view all the answers

What should be the position of the patient during antero-posterior radiography of the abdomen and pelvis?

Supine Signup and view all the answers

Is bowel preparation necessary for emergency renal tract radiography?

No, bowel preparation is not possible Signup and view all the answers

Where should the center of the cassette be located during antero-posterior radiography of the abdomen and pelvis?

At the level of the iliac crest Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended radiation protection for females if the bladder and lower ureters are not included in the image?

A lead-rubber sheet can be placed over the lower abdomen to protect the ovaries Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended radiation protection for males if the whole renal tract including bladder is to be visualized?

No gonad shielding is possible Signup and view all the answers

What is the pregnancy rule in regards to radiation protection?

It should always be observed Signup and view all the answers

What is shown in the AP supine plain image?

A left lower pole renal calculus and a calculus in the upper right ureter Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the small lead sheet for males during radiation imaging?

To protect the testes Signup and view all the answers

What is the preferred method for examining the lower urinary system?

Retrograde urography Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of a cystourethrogram?

To examine the bladder and urethra Signup and view all the answers

What should a patient do to prepare for a cystourethrogram?

Fast after midnight Signup and view all the answers

What conditions may prevent a patient from becoming dehydrated during a cystourethrogram?

High uric acid level Signup and view all the answers

What type of contrast agent is used in a cystogram AP?

Ionic iodinated Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended centering point for a basic IV pyelography X-ray?

2.5 cm above the symphysis pubis Signup and view all the answers

What is the alternative method for IV pyelography X-ray if a higher centering point is required?

Displace the cassette downwards Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of IV pyelography X-ray?

To investigate the renal collecting system Signup and view all the answers

What is the antegrade method for filling the urinary canal with contrast media?

Against the normal flow Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended angle for right or left posterior oblique IV pyelography X-ray?

15 degrees Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of compression in urography?

To prevent extrarenal pathology Signup and view all the answers

When is compression contraindicated in urography?

Traumatic injury Signup and view all the answers

What should be done for radiation protection in urography for female patients?

Shield the pelvis Signup and view all the answers

What can be caught in plain urography besides renal pathology?

Extrarenal pathology Signup and view all the answers

Where should men be shielded for radiation protection in urography?

Pelvis Signup and view all the answers

What can be visualized through plain radiography of the abdominal and pelvic cavity for urinary tract imaging?

The lateral border of the psoas muscle and opaque stones in the kidney area Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of plain radiography for urinary tract imaging?

To visualize the kidneys and bladder Signup and view all the answers

What can be detected through plain radiography of the abdominal and pelvic cavity for urinary tract imaging?

Calcifications within the kidney or in the bladder wall Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of visualizing the lateral border of the psoas muscle in urinary tract imaging?

It serves as a landmark for identifying the position of the kidneys Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of plain radiography in detecting urinary tract stones?

It can detect only opaque stones in the kidney area and in the region of the bladder Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended size of the cassette used in the antero-posterior view with 15 degrees caudal angulation?

18*24-cm Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended degree of rotation for the MSP in the oblique bladder view?

35 degrees Signup and view all the answers

In the oblique bladder view, which side of the patient is raised?

The right side Signup and view all the answers

Where should the central ray be centered in the antero-posterior view with 15 degrees caudal angulation?

5 cm above the upper border of the symphysis pubis Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended size of the cassette used in the oblique bladder view?

30*40-cm Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended treatment for the disease mentioned in the text?

There is no recommended treatment mentioned Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the M.C test mentioned in the text?

To evaluate the students' knowledge in a specific subject Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the value 100-30 mentioned in the text?

It has no significance in the context of the text Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of MSP in the text?

To provide medical care for patients with a specific disease Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between Pt and U mentioned in the text?

Pt is a treatment for U Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of obtaining posterior oblique projections in renal imaging?

To visualize the right kidney and collecting system in profile and the left kidney Signup and view all the answers

What is the main advantage of using lateral projection in renal imaging?

To confirm the presence of opacities anterior or posterior to the renal tract Signup and view all the answers

What does the right posterior oblique projection show in renal imaging?

The right kidney and collecting system in profile and the left kidney Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of obtaining lateral projection in renal imaging?

To confirm the presence of opacities anterior or posterior to the renal tract Signup and view all the answers

What does the left posterior oblique projection show in renal imaging?

The left kidney in profile and the right kidney Signup and view all the answers

What is the most frequently recommended view in IVU?

Supine AP from 3-20 min Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the bladder view in IVU?

To check for residual urine Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended post-procedure care for IVU?

Encourage the patient to drink extra fluids to flush the contrast from the body Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the nephrogram immediately after injection in IVU?

To visualize the renal parenchyma and vasculature Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the compression phase in IVU?

To visualize the upper ureters and pelvicalaceal system Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the AP Oblique D projection in the imaging of the urinary system?

To visualize the bladder Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the Lateral projection in the imaging of the urinary system?

To visualize the distal end of the ureters Signup and view all the answers

Which projection is used to visualize the anterior and posterior walls of the bladder and the base of the bladder?

Lateral projection Signup and view all the answers

Which projection is used to visualize the ureter in the RPO position?

AP Oblique D projection Signup and view all the answers

What is the gender of the patient in the provided imaging example?

Female Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of performing a Trendelenburg position during a radiographic exam?

To assess lordosis abnormalities Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended degree of caudal tilt for radiographic exams of the bladder neck and proximal urethra?

5 degrees Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended degree of caudal tilt for radiographic exams of the prostate gland above the symphisis pubis?

20-25 degrees Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended degree of caudal tilt for radiographic exams of the lower ends of the ureters?

10-15 degrees Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended degree of caudal tilt for radiographic exams of the bladder with contrast after post voiding?

15-25 degrees Signup and view all the answers