36 Questions
What are some of the challenges faced by cities worldwide in terms of resilience?
Loss of biodiversity, extreme precipitation events, and rising socioeconomic inequality
Why are rapidly urbanizing areas at risk for climate impacts?
They often materialize in dense, lower-quality unplanned settlements located in high-risk areas
How can poorly maintained infrastructure contribute to the magnitude of natural hazards in cities?
By increasing the effects of flooding and urban heat island effects
What is the expected trend in urban population by 2050?
More than 70% of the global population is expected to live in cities
What is the role of nature-based solutions in urban resilience?
They are increasingly recognized and endorsed by international agreements.
Which type of cities are vulnerable to flash floods, erosion, and landslides?
Mountainous cities
What type of cities face seasonal water-level fluctuations and flooding?
River cities
Which type of cities are flood-prone regions influenced by hydrological dynamics and home to productive wetland ecosystems and soils?
Delta cities
What are the threats faced by coastal cities?
Sea level rise, coastal flooding, and erosion
What do extensive green roofs consist of?
Bioengineered growth medium, membranes, buffers, and insulation, with drought-resistant plants
What do intensive green roofs provide?
Thicker substrate layer, amenities, lower building energy bills, and habitats for species like birds and bees
What is the primary function of rooftop gardens?
Serve as productive urban farms with higher installation and maintenance costs
What is the purpose of smart green roofs?
Store rainwater for irrigation and offer dynamic control over water drainage
What is the main difference between facade-bounded greening and ground-based green facades?
The technology for irrigation and special substrates
What is the function of phytoremediation forests?
Clean polluted soils using trees and shrubs with specific metabolic qualities
What do ecological forest corridors provide in urban landscapes?
Critical linkages, screening, and safe movement of species, improving ecological conditions
What are nature-based solutions (NBS) increasingly recognized for in urban resilience?
Mitigating climate change impacts
What type of cities are vulnerable to flash floods, erosion, and landslides due to steep slopes and extensive stream networks?
Mountainous cities
Which type of cities face seasonal water-level fluctuations and flooding despite benefiting from fertile soils and river trading opportunities?
River cities
What type of cities are flood-prone regions influenced by hydrological dynamics and home to productive wetland ecosystems and soils?
Delta cities
What are coastal cities benefitting from while facing threats like sea level rise, coastal flooding, and erosion?
Coastal ecosystem services
What do extensive green roofs consist of?
Bioengineered growth medium, membranes, buffers, and insulation, with drought-resistant plants
What amenities do intensive green roofs provide?
Lower building energy bills and offer habitats for species like birds and bees
What do rooftop gardens serve as?
Productive urban farms with higher installation and maintenance costs
What do smart green roofs use a crate system for?
Store rainwater for irrigation
What does facade-bounded greening use technology for?
Irrigation and special substrates
What do phytoremediation forests clean polluted soils using?
Trees and shrubs with specific metabolic qualities
What do ecological forest corridors provide in urban landscapes?
Critical linkages, screening, and safe movement of species
What percentage of the global population is expected to live in cities by 2050?
More than 50%
What are some of the challenges faced by cities worldwide in terms of resilience?
Loss of biodiversity and ecosystem services
Why are poorly maintained drainage systems and impervious surfaces concerning in cities?
They can increase the magnitude of natural hazards
What impact does urbanization have on the exposure of people and assets in cities?
It can lead to higher exposure of people and assets
What are some of the challenges cities worldwide are facing in terms of resilience?
Loss of biodiversity and ecosystem services
How is urbanization contributing to higher exposure of people and assets in cities?
By leading to higher exposure of people and assets
What proportion of the global population is expected to live in cities by 2050?
70%
How can poorly maintained infrastructure contribute to the magnitude of natural hazards in vulnerable urban areas?
By increasing the magnitude of natural hazards
Study Notes
Nature-Based Solutions for Urban Resilience
- Nature-based solutions (NBS) are increasingly recognized for their role in urban resilience, endorsed by international agreements like the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction and the Paris Climate Agreement.
- Mountainous cities are vulnerable to flash floods, erosion, and landslides due to steep slopes and extensive stream networks.
- River cities face seasonal water-level fluctuations and flooding, despite benefiting from fertile soils and river trading opportunities.
- Delta cities are flood-prone regions influenced by hydrological dynamics and home to productive wetland ecosystems and soils.
- Coastal cities benefit from coastal ecosystem services but face threats like sea level rise, coastal flooding, and erosion.
- Extensive green roofs consist of bioengineered growth medium, membranes, buffers, and insulation, with drought-resistant plants.
- Intensive green roofs have a thicker substrate layer, provide amenities, lower building energy bills, and offer habitats for species like birds and bees.
- Rooftop gardens are a type of intensive green roof, serving as productive urban farms with higher installation and maintenance costs.
- Smart green roofs use a crate system to store rainwater for irrigation, offering dynamic control over water drainage.
- Facade-bounded greening uses technology for irrigation and special substrates, while ground-based green facades consist of climbing plants rooted in ground planters.
- Phytoremediation forests clean polluted soils using trees and shrubs with specific metabolic qualities.
- Ecological forest corridors provide critical linkages, screening, and safe movement of species in urban landscapes, improving ecological conditions and facilitating movement of diverse species.
Test your knowledge on nature-based solutions for urban resilience with this quiz! Learn about the unique challenges faced by mountainous, river, delta, and coastal cities, and explore innovative green infrastructure such as green roofs, rooftop gardens, and phytoremediation forests. Understand the role of nature-based solutions in enhancing urban resilience and mitigating environmental risks.
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