Urban Design Vocabulary Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary function of a parterre?

To control the dynamics of the garden

To emphasize the ground plane (correct)

To create the impression of spaciousness

To provide a setting for specimen trees

What is a pleached walkway characterized by?

Linear planting beds made of layered plant material

Interlacing branches of trees with tightly pruned sides (correct)

A row of closely planted trees forming a hedge

A flat terrace adjacent to a building

Which of these is NOT a feature of a pathway?

Can be used to create a sense of mystery and exploration

Can be used to regulate the pace of visitors

Can be used to link two or more spaces

Can be used to define the edge of a garden (correct)

Which two features can be used to create a sense of spaciousness in a garden?

Allees and parterre (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which type of path is most likely to encourage visitors to slow down and appreciate the overall views of a garden?

Straight, wide, rectilinear path (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of an allee?

To link different areas of a garden (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a function of both border and allee?

To act as a boundary (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is a border primarily used for?

To divide the garden into different sections (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which early settlement is recognized as the oldest continually inhabited city?

Damascus (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which early Neolithic city was built around a reliable source of freshwater?

Jericho (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which city is known for its monumental architecture, including monumental avenues, temple plazas, and rock-cut tombs?

Thebes and Memphis (C) Signup and view all the answers

What was the approximate population of Catalhoyuk, the largest Neolithic city?

10,000 (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which early city had a layout featuring rectangular elements?

Jericho (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which city rested on a new rationale for the city at that time – trade?

Catalhoyuk (D) Signup and view all the answers

What evidence indicates an advanced civilization in Mohenjo-daro and Harappa?

Housing variations and hygienic systems. (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which city was characterized by a lack of streets?

Catalhoyuk (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a development mentioned in the content as an example of the "Superblock" concept?

West Kungsholmen, Stockholm (A) Signup and view all the answers

Who authored the book "Towards New Towns For America"?

Clarence Stein (C) Signup and view all the answers

What year was DOURGES, the first garden city in France, established?

1919 (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which of these plans was not completed due to the Great Depression?

Radburn, NJ (D) Signup and view all the answers

What book did Eliel Saarinen publish in 1943?

The City (D) Signup and view all the answers

Who designed Brasilia, the capital of Brazil?

Lucio Costa (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which of these individuals was NOT a proponent of the 'International Movement'?

Henry Wright (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the 'CIAM Grid' and who is credited with conceiving it?

A system for planning data and ordering the planning process; Le Corbusier (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the 'Report Of The Commission On Housing & Regional Planning For The State Of New York'?

It was a major work of urban planning focusing on suburban development. (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following individuals was known for his contributions to regional planning and championed the idea of a 'regional outlook'?

Henry Wright and Benton Mackaye (D) Signup and view all the answers

What was the main reason for the decline of 'small trade centers' in Henry Wright's plan for New York?

The rise of industrialization. (B) Signup and view all the answers

What was Henry Wright's plan for New York NOT officially adopted?

It was seen as too idealistic and impractical. (C) Signup and view all the answers

What was the main focus of the MARS Group's plan for rebuilding London?

Reconnecting the city center with its outskirts through a robust transportation network. (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which of these architects is known for their influential contribution to the 'Ekistics Grid,' a system for recording planning data?

Louis Kahn (C) Signup and view all the answers

What did American planners aim to achieve by implementing the 'Master Plan' in Manila?

Create a vibrant financial center by replicating Californian suburban developments, with modifications. (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the Finance & Agriculture buildings in the context of Burnham's design for Manila?

They were the first two buildings to be constructed within the central civic core, representing the city's initial focus on economic growth. (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the key distinction of the 'Arrabales' as described in the context?

These are suburban communities that housed the majority of Manila's population during the early American period. (C) Signup and view all the answers

What was the main purpose of the 'Bliss' project in Manila?

To provide affordable housing for government employees, featuring walk-up developments designed for a specific sector. (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of the Makati Central Business District?

It is a traditional CBD, representing the oldest and most established business center in the Metropolitan region. (D) Signup and view all the answers

What key developments occurred in the Ortigas Central Business District during the late 1980s?

The completion of the Ortigas CBD's present configuration, transforming it into a fully functional business center. (B) Signup and view all the answers

What was the main purpose behind the development of the Cubao Central Business District?

To create an alternative business center in the eastern region, catering to a different clientele and market. (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following districts in Manila was known for its religious practices, specifically folk religiosity?

Quiapo (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which of these publications did Constantine Doxiadis author?

"Man’s Struggle For Shelter In An Urbanizing World" (A) Signup and view all the answers

What was the name of Lewis Mumford's publication that provided a summary of his thoughts on urban form?

"The City In History" (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which of these urban form shapes is described as having a vast urban area with little or no articulation?

Sheet (D) Signup and view all the answers

According to the content, what does the term "Ekistics" refer to?

The science of human settlements (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which of these urban form shapes is characterized by a large circle with radial corridors of intense development emanating from the center?

Radiocentric (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the publication that shows Constantine Doxiadis's various plans and programs?

Ekistics (A) Signup and view all the answers

According to Kevin Lynch, what are the channels along which an observer moves, identifiable by continuity and directional quality?

Paths (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which of these urban form shapes is usually found in small cities rather than large ones?

Rectilinear (A) Signup and view all the answers

What did Charles Abrams propose in his concept of "Broadacres"?

Every family living on an acre of land (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which of these principles from Ian Bentley's "Responsive Environments" relates to how the layout of a space is understood and interpreted?

Legibility (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which of these urban form shapes is a linear span with connecting arms?

Branch (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the key element that distinguishes a "Star" form from a "Radiocentric" form?

The presence of open spaces between the corridors (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the most dominant sense that Kevin Lynch identifies as being used to understand and navigate a city?

Sight (A) Signup and view all the answers

What does "Articulated Sheet" refer to in the context of urban forms?

A city with a central cluster and sub-clusters (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which of these principles from Ian Bentley's "Responsive Environments" relates to creating spaces with varied uses and experiences?

Variety (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the urban form that resembles a constellation of nearly equal-sized cities in close proximity?

Constellation (B) Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Urban Design and Landscape Vocabulary

Porch: An exterior appendage to a building, often covered and supported by columns, leading to the building entrance.
Portico: A porch, especially one roofed, supported by columns.
Port Cochere: A porch roof projecting over a driveway at the building entry, offering shelter for vehicles.
Terrace: An open paved outdoor living area connected to a building.
Veranda: A large open porch, often roofed.
Lanai: A veranda, especially a fully furnished living room outdoors.
Balcony: A platform projecting from a building wall, typically enclosed by a balustrade.
Openings: Exterior apertures, such as balconies, terraces or porches.
Arbor: A leafy recess, often formed by intertwined branches of trees, shrubs, or vines.
Arch: A curved structure connecting two uprights.
Gate: An opening in a wall, fence or hedge; a point of transition.
Trellis: A structure made up of latticework; used for plants.
Garden Hallway: A garden passage, often enclosed or marked by hedges.
Hedges: A line of low-growing shrubs forming a wall, boundary, or backdrop for garden features.
Espalier: Trees whose branches are pruned, creating formal patterns against a wall.
Palisade: A row of closely planted shrubs or trees; creates a green wall.
Treillage: Latticework construction, often used in a garden.
Garden Wall: A line of stone or wood separating landscapes or garden spaces.
Lawn: Grassy areas, usually mowed, used for recreational space.
Terrace: A raised level of earth, sometimes retained by stone or concrete, with surfaces of stone, brick, turf or ground cover.
Meadow: Richly grassed areas for mowing or pasture, offering transitional spaces between gardens and the countryside.
Parterre: A flat terraced surface used for creating foliage patterns.
Pathways: Ornamental and functional components in the garden, composed of plants or gravel to guide movement.
Tapis Vert: A swath of lawn, usually rectilinear, designed to enhance visual axes or highlight focal points.
Angle of Repose: The steepest angle at which a material can be piled without slumping.
Espalier: Trees with branches trained against a wall, fence, or framework.

Urban Design Controls

Floor Area Ratio (FAR) / Plot Ratio: The ratio between the area of the built space and the lot area.
Floor Space Index (FSI): The ratio of floor space to site area.
Land Use Planning & Zoning: Legal regulation of land use, determining types of building and development.
Incentive Zoning: Zoning that allows more building space if developers provide amenities.
Cluster Zoning: Regulations for medium-to-large developments.
Environmental Impact Statement (EIS): A document evaluating potential environmental effects of a project.
Environmental Preservation: Safeguarding natural areas from urban expansion.
Conservation Area: Designated for buildings with significant architectural or historical value.
Urban Renewal: Overhauling older urban areas to improve conditions.
Adaptive Reuse: Converting existing buildings for new functions.
Rehabilitation: Repairing and revitalizing older buildings.
Invasion: The introduction of new elements or population into existing areas.
Centralization: Increasing population density in a geographic centre.
Gentrification: Improving the physical appearance of formerly dilapidated areas.
Block-Boosting: Forcing the existing population out of an area, often linked to social or racial changes.
Planned Unit Developments (PUDs) / Cluster Zoning: Used for intensive development in areas previously undeveloped.
Transit-Oriented Developments (TODs): Mixed-use communities within a walkable distance of transit stations.

History of Settlement

Agricultural Societies: Developed settlements for herding, and later defense.
Rectilinear/Grid layout: Common in agricultural and militaristic societies.
Circular/Fencing: Defensive and common in herding cultures.
Radiocentric/Circular: Common in places where resources are abundant.

Renaissance-Early Developments

Ideal Cities (1440): Renaissance emphasis on harmonious design and urban space.
Leon Battista Alberti: Key figure in Renaissance urban theory and design.
Biaggio Rossetti: Early modern urban designer emphasizing city improvement, expansion, and plans for cities.
Leonardo da Vinci: Concepts of city planning incorporating river systems and multi-level city layouts.
Andrea Palladio: A key figure in Renaissance landscape and architectural design.
Urban plazas (France, England): Renaissance-era development of public spaces.
Parks and Gardens (Italy, France): Landscape improvements connected to palaces, and plazas.
Jacques Androuet du Cerceau/Inigo Jones: Designed public spaces in France and England.
Renaissance urban planning (Rome): Examples from the renaissance era such as the creation of St. Peter's Cathedral, Campidoglio, or Piazza del Popolo.
Palladian Influences: Designs reflecting Renaissance ideals, including urban plans.

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Description

Test your knowledge of essential vocabulary in urban design and landscape architecture. This quiz covers terms related to building exteriors and outdoor living spaces, including porches, terraces, and arbors. Perfect for students and professionals in the field!