Urban and Rural Concepts Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is the meaning of the term 'Urban'?

  • Big cities with buildings, shops, lights, & people (correct)
  • The country with fields and houses
  • Dark and crowded multi-family apartments
  • Informal political group designed to gain power

    • What does 'Rural' refer to?

  • The country with fewer people (correct)
  • Big cities
  • Cramped quarters for low fare passengers
  • Dark multi-family apartments

    • What are Tenements?

    Dark and crowded multi-family apartments.

    What is a Political machine?

    <p>An informal political group designed to gain and keep power.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who are Party bosses?

    <p>The person in control of a political machine.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is Graft?

    <p>Acquisition of money in dishonest ways, such as bribing a politician.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does Americanization mean?

    <p>Causing someone to acquire American traits and characteristics.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is Steerage?

    <p>Cramped quarters on a ship's lower decks for passengers paying the lowest fares.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is Ellis Island known for?

    <p>The island that immigrants from Europe traveled to for entry into the US.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is Angel Island?

    <p>The island that Japanese and Chinese immigrants traveled to for entry into the US.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is Nativism?

    <p>Extreme dislike of immigrants.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What percentage of immigrants in the US were Eastern and Southern Europeans?

    <p>More than half of all immigrants.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Many immigrants moved to avoid forced what?

    <p>Military service.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did many Jews flee in Poland and Russia?

    <p>Religious persecution.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How did immigrants often adjust to life in the US?

    <p>They learned and adapted to English.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What insurrection led to significant emigration from China?

    <p>The Boxer Rebellion.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where did California open a barracks for Asian immigrants?

    <p>Angel Island.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the 1850s, nativism focused primarily on which groups?

    <p>Irish immigrants.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did native-born Americans fear regarding Catholic immigrants?

    <p>That the influx of Catholics would give the church too much power in government.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role did immigration play in industrialization?

    <p>Provided labor for many industries.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How did industrialization provide leisure time?

    <p>It allowed families to save some of their money and free time to spend together.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What effects did political machines have on society?

    <p>Both positive and negative; they helped immigrants and employed graft.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are Settlement houses?

    <p>Residences in poor neighborhoods where middle-class people help the poor.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did urban America have that rural America did not?

    <p>Immigrant jobs, running water, and entertainment.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are Skyscrapers?

    <p>Buildings constructed upwards as land prices increased.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where did wealthy people live?

    <p>In the heart of the city.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where did middle-class people typically live?

    <p>In the suburbs.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where did poor working-class individuals reside?

    <p>In tenement housing.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What issues accompanied the growth of cities?

    <p>Crime, disease, and pollution.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What problems were caused by political machines?

    <p>Grafting, bribing, and corruption.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How much did half of the United States cities grow from 1840 to 1900?

    <p>From 10 to 30 million.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did most immigrants lack upon arriving in the United States in the late 1800s?

    <p>Money and education.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who contributed most to the design of skyscrapers?

    <p>Louis Sullivan.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the first type of mass transit used in San Francisco?

    <p>Cable cars.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What features were included in the home of Cornelius Vanderbilt's grandson?

    <p>A two-story dining room, a gymnasium, and a solid marble bathroom.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who was included in America's rising middle class?

    <p>Doctors, lawyers, engineers, managers, social workers, architects, and teachers.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What were the living conditions of the working class?

    <p>They lived in tenements.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who blamed immigrants for crime, and what is the reality of that idea?

    <p>Native-born Americans; the reality is that crime rates do not correlate directly with immigration.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the political machine?

    <p>An informal political group.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was an example of outright fraud among party bosses?

    <p>When party bosses accepted bribes from contractors.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What were two benefits of the political machine?

    <p>Cities grew faster and provided a political group designed to gain and keep power.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does 'Gospel wealth' mean?

    <p>You give money away to better society.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What change occurred in American society due to industrialism and urbanization?

    <p>The way Americans look at themselves in society.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What belief did many Americans have during the Gilded Age?

    <p>That all gold was fake.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who expressed the idea of individualism better than anyone else?

    <p>Horatio Alger.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was realism?

    <p>A movement in art and literature.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where did working-class families or single adults go for entertainment?

    <p>Amusement parks.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why was football limited to the upper class?

    <p>Because it began to provide colleges and universities.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did people seek as work became less physically strenuous?

    <p>Leisure activities that involve physical activity.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the Gospel of Wealth?

    <p>The responsibility of wealthy Americans to engage in philanthropy.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is philanthropy?

    <p>Using great fortune to further social progress.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Urban and Rural Concepts

    • Urban areas refer to big cities that feature buildings, shops, lights, and significant populations.
    • Rural areas consist of the countryside, characterized by lower population density, fields, and houses.

    Housing and Living Conditions

    • Tenements are dark, crowded multi-family apartments typically found in urban areas.
    • Poor working people typically lived in tenement housing, facing harsh living conditions.

    Political Structures

    • Political machines are informal political groups established to gain and maintain power.
    • Party bosses are the leaders of these political machines, exerting significant control over their operations.
    • Graft involves the dishonest acquisition of money, often through bribery related to political dealings.

    Immigration and Americanization

    • Americanization involves the process of immigrants acquiring American traits and cultural characteristics.
    • Steerage refers to the cramped quarters on ships' lower decks, where lower-fare passengers traveled.
    • Ellis Island served as a primary entry point for European immigrants to the United States, while Angel Island catered to Japanese and Chinese immigrants.
    • Nativism is characterized by an extreme dislike of immigrants, with sentiments often directed at Eastern and Southern Europeans.

    Societal Issues

    • Many immigrants left their countries to escape forced military service and religious persecution, especially Jews fleeing Poland and Russia.
    • Immigrant adjustment often depended on how quickly they learned and adapted to English.

    Urban Growth and Challenges

    • The growth of cities led to rising issues such as increased crime, disease, and pollution.
    • As land prices escalated, building owners constructed skyscrapers for urban expansion.
    • The heart of the city was home to wealthy individuals, while suburbs were typically occupied by the middle class.

    Cultural Shifts

    • The result of immigration and industrialization provided labor for numerous industries, thus shaping societal dynamics.
    • Leisure time became available due to industrialization, leading families to spend time together and engage in recreation.
    • Working-class entertainment included amusement parks, reflecting a shift in leisure activities.

    Education and Employment

    • Immigrants frequently lacked money and education, highlighting barriers to integration within American society.
    • The middle class expanded to include professionals like doctors, lawyers, and teachers, reflecting changing social structures.

    Philanthropy and Individualism

    • The Gospel of Wealth concept posits that wealthy Americans hold the social responsibility to engage in philanthropy to improve society.
    • Realism emerged as a movement in art and literature that reflected authentic life experiences.

    American Perspectives

    • Industrialism and urbanization transformed how Americans perceived themselves within society.
    • Horatio Alger was notable for illustrating the concept of individualism, emphasizing success through hard work.

    Political Corruption

    • Issues related to grafting, bribing, and corruption were prevalent among political machines.
    • While political machines provided certain benefits, they were also criticized for their negative societal impacts.

    Transportation Innovations

    • Cable cars were an early form of mass transit first adopted in San Francisco, facilitating urban mobility.

    Legacy of Wealth

    • Philanthropy is defined as utilizing significant financial resources to advance social progress, highlighting the social responsibilities of affluent individuals.

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    Description

    This quiz explores key concepts related to urban and rural living, housing conditions, and political structures that have shaped society. Delve into the dynamics of tenements, political machines, and the immigrant experience in America through engaging questions.

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