Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which muscle is primarily responsible for pronation of the forearm?
Which muscle is primarily responsible for pronation of the forearm?
- Flexor digitorum profundus
- Pronator quadratus (correct)
- Flexor pollicis longus
- Biceps brachii
What is the primary function of extensor-supinator muscles?
What is the primary function of extensor-supinator muscles?
- Extension and supination of the forearm (correct)
- Flexion of the digits
- Flexion of the wrist
- Pronation of the forearm
The flexor digitorum profundus performs flexion at which joint?
The flexor digitorum profundus performs flexion at which joint?
- Distal interphalangeal joint (correct)
- Proximal interphalangeal joint
- Wrist joint
- Metacarpophalangeal joint
Which muscle inserts into the base of the distal phalanx of the first digit?
Which muscle inserts into the base of the distal phalanx of the first digit?
What keeps the extensor tendons in place in the forearm?
What keeps the extensor tendons in place in the forearm?
What motion is primarily performed by the serratus anterior muscle?
What motion is primarily performed by the serratus anterior muscle?
Which muscle originates from the spinous processes of C7 through T12?
Which muscle originates from the spinous processes of C7 through T12?
What is the primary action of the deltoid muscle?
What is the primary action of the deltoid muscle?
Which muscle is responsible for elevation and downward rotation of the scapula?
Which muscle is responsible for elevation and downward rotation of the scapula?
What action does the pectoralis minor perform on the scapula?
What action does the pectoralis minor perform on the scapula?
Which option describes a common function of the rhomboid muscles?
Which option describes a common function of the rhomboid muscles?
What is the origin of the deltoid muscle?
What is the origin of the deltoid muscle?
Which muscle is primarily involved in the abduction and upward rotation of the scapula?
Which muscle is primarily involved in the abduction and upward rotation of the scapula?
Which muscle is responsible for external rotation of the glenohumeral joint?
Which muscle is responsible for external rotation of the glenohumeral joint?
What is the primary action of the flexor carpi ulnaris muscle?
What is the primary action of the flexor carpi ulnaris muscle?
Which muscle is part of the intermediate layer of the flexor muscles in the forearm?
Which muscle is part of the intermediate layer of the flexor muscles in the forearm?
What is the main function of pronator teres?
What is the main function of pronator teres?
The common flexor attachment tendon originates from which structure?
The common flexor attachment tendon originates from which structure?
Which tendon is responsible for keeping the flexor muscles in place on the palmar side?
Which tendon is responsible for keeping the flexor muscles in place on the palmar side?
Which of the following muscles primarily performs flexion at the proximal interphalangeal joint?
Which of the following muscles primarily performs flexion at the proximal interphalangeal joint?
Flashcards
Serratus Anterior Origin
Serratus Anterior Origin
The serratus anterior muscle originates from the first to ninth ribs.
Serratus Anterior Insertion
Serratus Anterior Insertion
The serratus anterior muscle inserts into the medial border of the scapula.
Trapezius Components
Trapezius Components
The trapezius muscle has three parts: descending, transverse, and ascending.
Trapezius Origin
Trapezius Origin
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Deltoid Insertion
Deltoid Insertion
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Pectoralis Minor Origin
Pectoralis Minor Origin
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Levator Scapulae Function
Levator Scapulae Function
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Rhomboid Insertion
Rhomboid Insertion
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Latissimus Dorsi Muscle Function
Latissimus Dorsi Muscle Function
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Supination Muscles
Supination Muscles
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Pronation Muscles
Pronation Muscles
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Flexor Retinaculum
Flexor Retinaculum
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Pronator Teres Origin
Pronator Teres Origin
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Flexor Carpi Radialis Action
Flexor Carpi Radialis Action
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Flexor Digitorum Superficialis Function
Flexor Digitorum Superficialis Function
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Flexor Carpi Ulnaris Action
Flexor Carpi Ulnaris Action
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Flexor Digitorum Profundus: Function
Flexor Digitorum Profundus: Function
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Flexor Pollicis Longus: Function
Flexor Pollicis Longus: Function
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Pronator Quadratus: Function
Pronator Quadratus: Function
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Extensor Retinaculum: Purpose
Extensor Retinaculum: Purpose
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Extensors: Abduction vs. Adduction
Extensors: Abduction vs. Adduction
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Study Notes
Upper Limb Muscles
- Muscles of the Upper Limb: Overview
- Ligaments connect metacarpal bones (scaphoid, lunate, etc.).
- Muscles in this area control shoulder movement like abduction and rotation.
Serratus Anterior
- Origin: Ribs 1-9
- Insertion: Medial border of scapula
- Action: Abduction and upward scapular rotation.
Trapezius
- Components: Descending, transverse, ascending
- Origin: Occipital bone and spinous processes (C7-T12)
- Insertion: Acromion and spine of scapula
- Action: Adduction, downward/upward rotation, elevation/depression of scapula.
Rhomboid Minor and Major
- Origin: Spinous processes (C5-T4) and nuchal ligament
- Insertion: Medial border of scapula
- Action: Adduction, downward rotation, and elevation of scapula.
Pectoralis Minor
- Origin: Ribs 2-5
- Insertion: Coracoid process of scapula
- Action: Depression and ventral tilting of scapula, elevation of ribs 2-5.
Levator Scapulae
- Origin: Transverse processes of upper cervical vertebrae
- Insertion: Superior medial border of scapula (above rhomboids)
- Action: Elevation and downward rotation of scapula, ipsilateral rotation and flexion of head.
Muscles from Shoulder Girdle to Humerus
Deltoid
- Components: 3
- Origin: Spine of scapula, acromion process, acromial end of clavicle
- Insertion: Deltoid tuberosity of humerus
- Action: Abduction of glenohumeral joint. Separate parts (clavicular/spinal) perform flexion/extension.
Supraspinatus
- Origin: Supraspinous fossa
- Insertion: Uppermost greater tubercle of humerus
- Function: Abduction of glenohumeral joint.
Infraspinatus
- Origin: Infraspinous fossa
- Insertion: Middle greater tubercle of humerus
- Function: External rotation of glenohumeral joint.
Teres Minor
- Origin: Lateral border of scapula
- Insertion: Lower greater tubercle of humerus
- Function: External rotation of glenohumeral joint.
Subscapularis
- Origin: Subscapular fossa
- Insertion: Lesser tubercle of humerus
- Function: Internal rotation, adduction, extension (depending on position).
Teres Major
- Origin: Inferior angle of scapula
- Insertion: Crest of lesser tubercle (proximal to teres minor)
- Function: Internal rotation, adduction, extension of glenohumeral joint.
Pectoralis Major
- Origin: Ribs 2-7, sternum, clavicle
- Insertion: Crest of greater tubercle of humerus
- Function: Adduction and internal rotation plus flexion of glenohumeral joint.
Latissimus Dorsi
- Origin: Spinous processes (T7-ilium)
- Insertion: Crest of lesser tubercle (proximal to teres major)
- Function: External rotation, extension, and adduction of glenohumeral joint, also scapular depression.
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