Upper Limb Muscles Anatomy Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is the origin of the Supraspinatus muscle?

Supraspinous fossa

What nerve innervates the Infraspinatus muscle?

Suprascapular Nerve

What is the function of the Subscapularis muscle?

Medial Rotation of arm @ Shoulder Joint

What are the functions of the Teres Minor muscle? (Select all that apply)

<p>Lateral Rotation of arm @ Shoulder joint (B), Horizontal Abduction of arm @ Shoulder Joint (C), Extension of arm @ Shoulder joint (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where does the Deltoid muscle insert?

<p>Deltoid Tuberosity of Humerus</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which nerve innervates the Coracobrachialis muscle?

<p>Musculocutaneous Nerve</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the origin of the Biceps brachii muscle?

<p>Short Head: Coracoid process of scapula Long head: Supraglenoid tubercle of scapula</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the functions of the Brachialis muscle? (Select all that apply)

<p>Flexion of forearm @ Elbow joint (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the insertion of the Triceps brachii muscle?

<p>Olecranon process of ulna</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the Anconeus muscle?

<p>Extension of forearm @ Elbow joint</p> Signup and view all the answers

What nerve innervates the Pronator Teres muscle?

<p>Median Nerve</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the insertion of the Flexor Carpi Radialis muscle?

<p>Base of 2nd &amp; 3rd. Metacarpals</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the functions of the Palmaris Longus muscle? (Select all that apply)

<p>Flexion of hand @ Radiocarpal joint (Wrist) (A), Flexion of forearm @ Elbow joint (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What nerve innervates the Flexor Carpi Ulnaris muscle?

<p>Ulnar Nerve</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where does the Brachioradialis muscle insert?

<p>Superior to styloid process of radius</p> Signup and view all the answers

What nerve innervates the Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus muscle?

<p>Radial Nerve</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the origin of the Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis muscle?

<p>Lateral epicondyle of humerus (via common extensor tendon)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the functions of the Extensor Digitorum muscle? (Select all that apply)

<p>Extension of hand @ Radiocarpal joint (B), Extension of fingers #2-5 @ MCP, PIP &amp; DIP joints (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the functions of the Extensor Digiti Minimi muscle? (Select all that apply)

<p>Extension of little finger @ MCP, PIP &amp; DIP joints (A), Extension of hand @ Radiocarpal joint (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the insertion of the Abductor Pollicis Brevis muscle?

<p>Lateral side of the Base of proximal phalanx of thumb</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Supraspinatus

Origin: Supraspinous fossa Insertion: Superior facet of greater tubercle of Humerus Nerve: Suprascapular Nerve Function(1):

  1. Abduction of arm @ Shoulder Joint

Infraspinatus

Origin: Infraspinous Fossa Insertion: Middle facet of greater tubercle of Humerus Nerve: Suprascapular Nerve Function(2):

  1. Lateral Rotation of arm @ Shoulder joint
  2. Horizontal Abduction of arm @ Shoulder joint

Subscapularis

Origin: Subscapular fossa Insertion: Lesser tubercle of Humerus Nerve: Upper & Lower Subscapular nerves Function(1):

  1. Medial Rotation of arm @ Shoulder Joint

Teres Minor

Origin: Superior lateral border of Scapula Insertion: Inferior facet of greater tubercle of Humerus Nerve: Axillary Nerve Function(3): H.E.L

  1. Horizontal Abduction of arm @ Shoulder Joint
  2. Extension of arm @ Shoulder joint
  3. Lateral Rotation of arm @ Shoulder joint (H.E.L)
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Teres Major

Origin: Inferior lateral border of scapula Insertion: Medial lip of intertubercular (bicipital) groove Nerve: Lower subscapular Nerve Function(3): M.A.E

  1. Medial Rotation of arm @ Shoulder Joint
  2. Adduction of arm @ Shoulder joint
  3. Extension of arm @ Shoulder joint
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Deltoid

Origin:

  1. Lateral 1/3 of clavicle (anterior fibers)
  2. Acromion (lateral fibers)
  3. Spine of scapula (posterior fibers) Insertion: Deltoid Tuberosity of Humerus Nerve: Axillary Nerve Function(7):
  4. Flexion of arm @ Shoulder Joint (Ant. Fibers) 2. Extension of arm @ Shoulder Joint (Post. Fibers)
  5. Abduction of arm @ Shoulder Joint (Entire Muscles)
  6. Lateral Rotation of arm @ Shoulder Joint (Post. Fibers)
  7. Medial Rotation of arm @ Shoulder Joint (Ant. Fibers)
  8. Horizontal Abduction of arm @ Shoulder Joint (Post. Fibers)
  9. Horizontal Adduction of arm @ Shoulder joint (Ant. Fibers)
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Coracobrachialis

Origin: Coracoid process of scapula Insertion: Middle of the medial shaft of Humerus Nerve: Musculocutaneous Nerve Function(2):

  1. Flexion of arm @ Shoulder Joint
  2. Horizontal Adduction of arm @ Shoulder joint
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Biceps brachii

Origin: Short Head: Coracoid process of scapula Long head: Supraglenoid tubercle of scapula Insertion: Radial tuberosity & bicipital aponeurosis Nerve: Musculocutaneous Nerve Function(4):

  1. Flexion of arm @ Shoulder joint
  2. Flexion of forearm @ Elbow joint
  3. Horizontal Adduction of arm @ Shoulder joint (short head)
  4. Supination of forearm @ Radioulnar joints
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Brachialis

Origin: Distal anterior surface of Humerus Insertion: Ulnar tuberosity & Coronoid process of Ulna Nerve: Musculocutaneous Nerve Function(1):

  1. Flexion of forearm @ Elbow joint
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Triceps brachii

Origin: Long head: Infraglenoid tubercle Lateral head: Proximal 1⁄2 of posterior shaft of humerus Medial head: Distal 1⁄2 of posterior shaft of humerus Insertion: Olecranon process of ulna Nerve: Radial Nerve Function(3):

  1. Extension of arm @ Shoulder joint (Long head);
  2. Extension of forearm @ Humeroulnar joint (Elbow j.)
  3. Horizontal Abduction of arm @ Shoulder Joint
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Anconeus

Origin: Lateral epicondyle of humerus Insertion:

  1. Olecranon process of ulna
  2. Proximal of posterior surface of shaft of ulna Nerve: Radial Nerve Function(1):
  3. Extension of forearm @ Elbow joint
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Pronator Teres

Origin: Humeral head: Medial epicondyle of humerus (via common flexor tendon) Ulnar head: Coronoid process of ulna Insertion: Midlateral surface of radius Nerve: Median Nerve Function(2):

  1. Pronation of forearm @ Radioulnar joint;
  2. Assist in Flexion of forearm @ Elbow joint
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Flexor Carpi Radialis

Origin: Medial epicondyle of humerus (via common flexor tendon) Insertion: Base of 2nd & 3rd. Metacarpals Nerve: Median Nerve Function(3):

  1. Flexion of hand @ Radiocarpal joint (Wrist)
  2. Flexion of forearm @ Elbow joint
  3. Abduction (Radial Deviation) of hand @ Radiocarpal joint (Wrist)
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Palmaris Longus

Origin: Medial epicondyle of humerus (via common flexor tendon) Insertion: Palmar aponeurosis & flexor retinaculum Nerve: Median Nerve Function(2):

  1. Flexion of hand @ Radiocarpal joint (Wrist)
  2. Flexion of forearm @ Elbow joint
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Flexor Carpi Ulnaris

Origin:

  1. Medial epicondyle of humerus (via common flexor tendon)
  2. Medial side of olecranon process
  3. Superior posterior border of ulna Insertion:
  4. Base of 5th metacarpal
  5. Hamate & Pisiform Nerve: Ulnar Nerve Function(3):
  6. Flexion of hand @ Radiocarpal joint
  7. Flexion of forearm @ Elbow joint
  8. Adduction (Ulnar Deviation) of hand @ Radiocarpal joint
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Brachioradialis

Origin: Proximal 2/3 of lateral supracondylar ridge of humerus Insertion: Superior to styloid process of radius Nerve: Radial Nerve Function(3):

  1. Flexion in mid-position (thumbs up) of forearm @ Humeroulnar joint
  2. Supination of forearm @ Radioulnar joint (mid-position)
  3. Pronation of forearm @ Radioulnar joint (mid-position)
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Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus

Origin: Distal 1/3 of lateral supracondylar ridge of humerus Insertion: Base of 2nd metacarpal Nerve: Radial Nerve Function(2):

  1. Extension of hand @ Radiocarpal joint
  2. Abduction (radial deviation) of hand @ Radiocarpal joint
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Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis

Origin: Lateral epicondyle of humerus (via common extensor tendon) Insertion: Base of 3rd metacarpal Nerve: Radial Nerve Function(2):

  1. Extend of hand @ Radiocarpal joint
  2. Abduction (radial deviation) of hand @ Radiocarpal joint
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Extensor Digitorum

Origin: Lateral epicondyle of humerus (via common extensor tendon) Insertion: Distal & middle phalanges of fingers #2-5 (via its dorsal digital expansion) Nerve: Radial Nerve Function(2):

  1. Extension of fingers #2-5 @ MCP, PIP & DIP joints
  2. Extension of hand @ Radiocarpal joint
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Extensor Digiti Minimi

Origin: Lateral epicondyle of humerus (via common extensor tendon) Insertion: Middle & distal phalanges of little finger (via its dorsal digital expansion) Nerve: Radial Nerve Function(2):

  1. Extension of little finger @ MCP, PIP & DIP joints
  2. Extension of hand @ Radiocarpal joint
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Extensor Carpi Ulnaris

Origin:

  1. Lateral epicondyle of humerus (via common extensor tendon)
  2. Middle posterior border of ulna Insertion: Base of 5th metacarpal (dorsal side) Nerve: Radial Nerve Function(2):
  3. Extension of hand @ Radiocarpal joint
  4. Adduction (Ulnar Deviation) of hand @ Radiocarpal joint
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Abductor Pollicis Brevis

Origin:

  1. Flexor retinaculum
  2. Tubercles of the scaphoid and trapezium Insertion: Lateral side of the Base of proximal phalanx of thumb Nerve: Median Nerve Function(1):
  3. Abduct the thumb @ CMC joint
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Flexor Pollicis Brevis

Origin:

  1. Flexor retinaculum
  2. Trapezium Insertion: Lateral side of the base of proximal phalanx of thumb Nerve: Median & Ulnar Nerve Function(1):
  3. Flexion the thumb @ CMC & MCP joint
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Abductor Digiti Minimi Manus

Origin:

  1. Pisiform
  2. Tendon of Flexor Carpi Ulnaris (FCU) Insertion: Median side of the Base of the proximal phalanx of the 5th digit Nerve: Ulnar Nerve Function(1):
  3. Abduction of little finger (5th) @ MCP joint
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Flexor Digiti Minimi Brevis Manus

Origin:

  1. Flexor retinaculum
  2. Hook of hamate Insertion: Median side of the Base of the proximal phalanx of the 5th digit Nerve: Ulnar Nerve Function(1):
  3. Flexion of 5th finger @ CMC & MCP joints
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Adductor Pollicis

Origin: Oblique head: Bases of the 2nd & 3rd metacarpals & capitate Transverse head: Anterior shaft of 3rd metacarpal Insertion: Medial side of the base of proximal phalanx of thumb Nerve: Ulnar Nerve Function(1):

  1. Adduction of the thumb @ CMC & MCP joints
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Dorsal Interossei

Origin: Adjacent sides of shaft of metacarpals 1 & 2 Insertion: Base of proximal phalanx and dorsal digital expansion of fingers (#2, #3, & #4) Nerve: Ulnar Nerve Function(1):

  1. Abduction of fingers #2, 3, & 4 @ MCP joints
  2. Flexion of fingers #2, 3, & 4 @ MCP joints
  3. Extension of fingers #2, 3, & 4 @ DIP & PIP joints
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Palmar Interossei

Origin: Palmar surfaces of metacarpals 2-4 Insertion: Proximal phalanx and palmar digital expansion of digits 2-4 Nerve: Ulnar Nerve Function(1):

  1. Adduction of fingers #2, 3, & 4 @ MCP joints
  2. Flexion of fingers #2, 3, & 4 @ MCP joints
  3. Extension of fingers #2, 3, & 4 @ DIP & PIP joints
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Flexor Digitorum Superficialis

Origin: Medial epicondyle of humerus (via common flexor tendon) Insertion: Base of middle phalanx of the index finger Nerve: Median Nerve Function(1):

  1. Flexion of the index finger @ PIP joint
  2. Flexion of the index finger @ MCP joint
  3. Flexion of the index finger @ DIP joint
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Flexor Digitorum Profundus

Origin: Medial epicondyle of humerus (via common flexor tendon) Insertion: Base of distal phalanx of the index finger Nerve: Median Nerve Function(1):

  1. Flexion of the index finger @ DIP joint
  2. Flexion of the index finger @ PIP joint
  3. Flexion of the index finger @ MCP joint
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Flexor Digitorum Profundus (middle finger)

Origin: Medial epicondyle of humerus (via common flexor tendon) Insertion: Base of the distal phalanx of the middle finger Nerve: Median Nerve Function(1):

  1. Flexion of the middle finger @ DIP joint
  2. Flexion of the middle finger @ PIP joint
  3. Flexion of the middle finger @ MCP joint
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Flexor Digitorum Profundus (ring finger)

Origin: Medial epicondyle of humerus (via common flexor tendon) Insertion: Base of the distal phalanx of the ring finger Nerve: Median Nerve Function(1):

  1. Flexion of the ring finger @ DIP joint
  2. Flexion of the ring finger @ PIP joint
  3. Flexion of the ring finger @ MCP joint
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Flexor Digitorum Profundus (little finger)

Origin: Medial epicondyle of humerus (via common flexor tendon) Insertion: Base of the distal phalanx of the little finger Nerve: Ulnar Nerve Function(1):

  1. Flexion of the little finger @ DIP joint
  2. Flexion of the little finger @ PIP joint
  3. Flexion of the little finger @ MCP joint
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Extensor Indicis

Origin: Lateral epicondyle of humerus (via common tendon) Insertion: Base of the proximal phalanx of the index finger Nerve: Radial Nerve Function(1):

  1. Extension of the index finger @ MCP joint
  2. Extension of the index finger @ PIP joint
  3. Extension of the index finger @ DIP joint
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Extensor Pollicis Brevis

Origin: Lateral epicondyle of humerus (via common extensor tendon) Insertion: Base of the proximal phalanx of the thumb Nerve: Radial Nerve Function(1):

  1. Extension of the thumb @ MCP joint
  2. Extension of the thumb @ IP joint
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Extensor Pollicis Longus

Origin: Posterior surface of the ulna and interosseous membrane Insertion: Base of the distal phalanx of the thumb Nerve: Radial Nerve Function(1):

  1. Extension of the thumb @ IP joint
  2. Extension of the thumb @ MCP joint
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Study Notes

Upper Limb Muscles

  • Supraspinatus:

    • Origin: Supraspinous fossa
    • Insertion: Superior facet of greater tubercle of Humerus
    • Nerve: Suprascapular Nerve
    • Function: Abduction of arm at the shoulder joint

  • Infraspinatus:

    • Origin: Infraspinous Fossa
    • Insertion: Middle facet of greater tubercle of Humerus
    • Nerve: Suprascapular Nerve
    • Function: Lateral rotation and horizontal abduction of arm at the shoulder joint

  • Subscapularis:

    • Origin: Subscapular fossa
    • Insertion: Lesser tubercle of Humerus
    • Nerve: Upper & Lower Subscapular nerves
    • Function: Medial rotation of arm at the shoulder joint

  • Teres Minor:

    • Origin: Superior lateral border of Scapula
    • Insertion: Inferior facet of greater tubercle of Humerus
    • Nerve: Axillary Nerve
    • Function: Horizontal abduction, extension, and lateral rotation of arm at the shoulder joint (H.E.L)

  • Teres Major:

    • Origin: Inferior lateral border of scapula
    • Insertion: Medial lip of intertubercular groove
    • Nerve: Lower subscapular Nerve
    • Function: Medial rotation, adduction, and extension of arm at the shoulder joint (M.A.E)

  • Deltoid:

    • Origin: Lateral 1/3 of clavicle (anterior fibers), Acromion (lateral fibers), Spine of scapula (posterior fibers)
    • Insertion: Deltoid Tuberosity of Humerus
    • Nerve: Axillary Nerve
    • Function: Flexion (anterior fibers), extension (posterior fibers), abduction (entire muscle), lateral rotation (posterior fibers), medial rotation (anterior fibers), horizontal abduction (posterior fibers), and horizontal adduction (anterior fibers) of arm at the shoulder joint

  • Coracobrachialis:

    • Origin: Coracoid process of scapula
    • Insertion: Middle of the medial shaft of Humerus
    • Nerve: Musculocutaneous Nerve
    • Function: Flexion and horizontal adduction of arm at the shoulder joint

  • Biceps Brachii:

    • Origin: Short head (coracoid process), Long head (supraglenoid tubercle)
    • Insertion: Radial tuberosity & bicipital aponeurosis
    • Nerve: Musculocutaneous Nerve
    • Function: Flexion of arm (shoulder), forearm (elbow), horizontal adduction (short head), and supination of forearm

  • Brachialis:

    • Origin: Distal anterior surface of Humerus
    • Insertion: Ulnar tuberosity & Coronoid process of Ulna
    • Nerve: Musculocutaneous Nerve
    • Function: Flexion of forearm at the elbow joint

  • Triceps Brachii:

    • Origin: Long head (infraglenoid tubercle), Lateral head (proximal 1/2 of posterior shaft), Medial head (distal 1/2 of posterior shaft)
    • Insertion: Olecranon process of ulna
    • Nerve: Radial Nerve
    • Function: Extension of arm at the shoulder joint (long head), forearm (elbow), and horizontal abduction of arm

  • Anconeus:

    • Origin: Lateral epicondyle of humerus
    • Insertion: Olecranon process & proximal posterior surface of ulna
    • Nerve: Radial Nerve
    • Function: Extension of forearm at the elbow joint

  • Pronator Teres:

    • Origin: Medial epicondyle of humerus (flexor tendon) & Coronoid process of ulna
    • Insertion: Midlateral surface of radius
    • Nerve: Median Nerve
    • Function: Pronation of forearm and assisting in flexion of forearm at the elbow joint

  • Flexor Carpi Radialis:

    • Origin: Medial epicondyle of humerus (flexor tendon)
    • Insertion: Base of 2nd & 3rd. Metacarpals
    • Nerve: Median Nerve
    • Function: Flexion, radial deviation, and flexion of hand

  • Palmaris Longus:

    • Origin: Medial epicondyle of humerus (flexor tendon)
    • Insertion: Palmar aponeurosis & flexor retinaculum
    • Nerve: Median Nerve
    • Function: Flexion of hand and forearm

  • Flexor Carpi Ulnaris:

    • Origin: Medial epicondyle of humerus (flexor tendon), medial olecranon, superior ulna
    • Insertion: Base of 5th metacarpal & hamate/pisiform
    • Nerve: Ulnar Nerve
    • Function: Flexion, ulnar deviation, and flexion of hand

  • Brachioradialis:

    • Origin: Proximal 2/3 of lateral supracondylar ridge
    • Insertion: Superior to styloid process of radius
    • Nerve: Radial Nerve
    • Function: Mid-position flexion and supination/pronation of forearm

  • Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus:

    • Origin: Distal 1/3 of lateral supracondylar ridge
    • Insertion: Base of 2nd metacarpal
    • Nerve: Radial Nerve
    • Function: Extension and radial deviation of hand

  • Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis:

    • Origin: Lateral epicondyle (common extensor tendon)
    • Insertion: Base of 3rd metacarpal
    • Nerve: Radial Nerve
    • Function: Extension and radial deviation of hand

  • Extensor Digitorum:

    • Origin: Lateral epicondyle (common extensor tendon)
    • Insertion: Middle & distal phalanges of fingers 2-5
    • Nerve: Radial Nerve
    • Function: Extension of fingers 2-5 and hand

  • Extensor Digiti Minimi:

    • Origin: Lateral epicondyle (common extensor tendon)
    • Insertion: Middle & distal phalanges of little finger
    • Nerve: Radial Nerve
    • Function: Extension of little finger and hand

  • Extensor Carpi Ulnaris:

    • Origin: Lateral epicondyle (common extensor tendon) & middle ulna
    • Insertion: Base of 5th metacarpal
    • Nerve: Radial Nerve
    • Function: Extension and ulnar deviation of hand

  • Abductor Pollicis Brevis:

    • Origin: Flexor retinaculum & scaphoid/trapezium tubercles
    • Insertion: Lateral side of thumb proximal phalanx
    • Nerve: Median Nerve
    • Function: Abduction of thumb

  • Flexor Pollicis Brevis:

    • Origin: Flexor retinaculum & trapezium
    • Insertion: Lateral side of thumb proximal phalanx
    • Nerve: Median & Ulnar Nerve
    • Function: Thumb flexion

  • Abductor Digiti Minimi Manus:

    • Origin: Pisiform & FCU tendon
    • Insertion: Little finger proximal phalanx
    • Nerve: Ulnar Nerve
    • Function: Abduction of little finger

  • Flexor Digiti Minimi Brevis Manus:

    • Origin: Flexor retinaculum & hamate hook
    • Insertion: Little finger proximal phalanx
    • Nerve: Ulnar Nerve
    • Function: Flexion of little finger

  • Adductor Pollicis:

    • Origin: Metacarpals 2 & 3 & capitate
    • Insertion: Thumb proximal phalanx
    • Nerve: Ulnar Nerve
    • Function: Adduction of thumb

  • Dorsal Interossei:

    • Origin: Adjacent metacarpal shafts
    • Insertion: Fingers 2, 3, 4 proximal phalanges & dorsal digital expansion
    • Nerve: Ulnar Nerve
    • Function: Abduction, flexion, and extension of fingers 2, 3, and 4

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Test your knowledge on the anatomy of upper limb muscles including the supraspinatus, infraspinatus, subscapularis, teres minor, and teres major. This quiz covers origins, insertions, nerves, and functions of these important muscles. Perfect for students studying anatomy and physiology.

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