Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which artery is considered the main artery of the arm?
Which artery is considered the main artery of the arm?
What are the three parts of the axillary artery divided by?
What are the three parts of the axillary artery divided by?
At which anatomical landmark does the axillary artery become the brachial artery?
At which anatomical landmark does the axillary artery become the brachial artery?
Which of the following arteries is a branch of the second part of the axillary artery?
Which of the following arteries is a branch of the second part of the axillary artery?
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What is the relationship of the brachial artery to the median nerve?
What is the relationship of the brachial artery to the median nerve?
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Where does the ulnar artery arise as a terminal branch?
Where does the ulnar artery arise as a terminal branch?
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Which area is NOT supplied by the axillary artery?
Which area is NOT supplied by the axillary artery?
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Which artery does the brachial artery terminate into?
Which artery does the brachial artery terminate into?
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Flashcards
Axillary artery
Axillary artery
Major blood supply to upper limb, begins at first rib.
Brachial artery
Brachial artery
Continuation of the axillary artery in the arm.
Subclavian artery
Subclavian artery
Artery beneath the clavicle, gives rise to axillary artery.
Cephalic vein
Cephalic vein
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Thoracoacromial artery
Thoracoacromial artery
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Ulnar artery
Ulnar artery
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Profunda brachii artery
Profunda brachii artery
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Superficial palmar arch
Superficial palmar arch
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Axillary artery parts
Axillary artery parts
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Areas supplied by axillary artery
Areas supplied by axillary artery
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Brachial artery location
Brachial artery location
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Brachial artery branches
Brachial artery branches
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Ulnar artery path
Ulnar artery path
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Thoracoacromial artery supply
Thoracoacromial artery supply
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Lateral thoracic artery
Lateral thoracic artery
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Scapular artery source
Scapular artery source
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Study Notes
Arteries of the Upper Limb
- The axillary artery supplies the walls of the axilla and upper limb.
- It begins as a continuation of the subclavian artery.
- It passes through the axilla and becomes the brachial artery at the inferior margin of the teres major muscle.
- The axillary artery has three parts, separated by the pectoralis minor muscle.
- The first part is proximal to pectoralis minor, the second part is posterior to pectoralis minor, and the third part is distal to pectoralis minor.
Branches of the Axillary Artery
- Superior thoracic artery (1st part)
- Thoracoacromial artery (2nd part)
- Lateral thoracic artery (2nd part)
- Subscapular artery (3rd part)
- Anterior circumflex humeral artery (3rd part)
- Posterior circumflex humeral artery (3rd part)
Brachial Artery
- The brachial artery is the main artery of the arm.
- It's a continuation of the axillary artery at the lower border of the teres major muscle.
- The brachial artery is relatively superficial and palpable throughout its course.
- It terminates at the level of the neck of the radius, dividing into the radial and ulnar arteries.
Branches of the Brachial Artery
- Profunda brachii artery
- Humeral nutrient artery
- Supratrochlear artery
- Superior and inferior ulnar collateral arteries
- Numerous unnamed muscular branches
Ulnar Artery
- The ulnar artery arises from the brachial artery in the cubital fossa.
- It passes inferomedially and then inferiorly, below pronator teres.
- It passes superficial to the flexor retinaculum at the wrist in the Guyon canal to enter the hand.
Branches of the Ulnar Artery
- Anterior and posterior ulnar recurrent arteries
- Common interosseous artery
- Palmar and dorsal carpal branches
Radial Artery
- The radial artery's pulsations can be felt throughout the forearm.
- It runs on the brachioradialis muscle until it reaches the distal part of the forearm.
- Its course is represented by a line connecting the midpoint of the cubital fossa to a point just medial to the radial styloid process.
Branches of the Radial Artery
- Radial recurrent artery
- Palmar and dorsal carpal branches
- Several unnamed muscular branches
Applied Anatomy (Clinical Relevance)
- The arterial supply to the upper limb is vulnerable to trauma in areas where it's fixed or subcutaneous.
- Anterior dislocation of the humeral head can compress the axillary artery, leading to vessel occlusion.
- The radial pulse is commonly used for arterial cannulation, blood pressure monitoring, and arterial blood sampling
Veins of the Upper Limb
- The axillary vein accompanies the axillary artery.
- It lies anteromedial to the artery.
- The first part of the axillary artery crosses two tributaries of the axillary vein (cephalic and thoracoacromial veins).
- The first and second parts of the axillary artery are connected to the cords of the brachial plexus, and the third part to its branches.
- Superficial veins include the cephalic, basilic, median cubital, and median vein of the forearm
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Description
This quiz covers the anatomy of the upper limb arteries, focusing on the axillary and brachial arteries. Key topics include the branches of the axillary artery and their distribution. Test your knowledge of arterial supply in the upper limb!
