Upper Limb Anatomy: Function and Brachial Plexus

What primary function does the upper limb serve in daily activities?

Which of the following is enabled by the shoulder joint and associated muscles?

What is the function of the elbow joint and its muscles?

What type of movements are enabled by the hands and fingers?

What type of perception is critical for safe interactions by the upper limb?

Where are the roots of the brachial plexus located?

What structures form the trunks of the brachial plexus?

Which nerve arises directly from the roots of the brachial plexus?

A patient presents with an inability to abduct their arm. Which nerve is MOST likely affected?

Which nerve is likely affected by a lesion proximal to the dorsal scapular nerve root level, impacting the rhomboids?

What condition can occur due to compression by the scalene muscles, affecting the brachial plexus?

What is the MOST likely consequence of compressed foraminal stenosis affecting the brachial plexus roots?

Which structure does the C8/T1 nerve root pass over, which may be affected by thoracic inlet pathologies?

How does a Pancoast tumor typically affect the brachial plexus?

What is the primary function of the trapezius muscle's superior fibers?

Which nerve innervates the trapezius muscle?

What action does the serratus anterior muscle perform to the scapula during shoulder movements?

What nerve innervates the serratus anterior muscle?

What happens when the long thoracic nerve is damaged, leading to paralysis of the sarratus anterior?

What are the attachments of the latissimus dorsi muscle?

Which nerve innervates the latissimus dorsi muscle?

What is NOT a function of the latissimus dorsi muscle at the glenohumeral (GH) joint?

What is the location of the teres major muscle in relation to the latissimus dorsi?

Which nerve innervates the teres major muscle?

What action does the teres major muscle perform at the GH joint?

What is the primary action of the clavicular fibers of the pectoralis major muscle?

Which nerves innervate the pectoralis major muscle?

What action do the sternocostal fibers of the pectoralis major muscle perform?

Which movement is primarily facilitated by the posterior fibers of the deltoid muscle?

What nerve innervates the deltoid muscle?

Through which anatomical space does the axillary nerve pass to innervate the deltoid and teres minor muscles?

Which of the following muscles is NOT part of the SITS muscles?

Which nerve innervates both the supraspinatus and infraspinatus muscles?

What is the primary action of the supraspinatus muscle?

What is the primary action of the infraspinatus and teres minor muscles?

A patient has difficulty with shoulder abduction and external rotation. Which two nerves are MOST likely affected?

What best describes the innervation and primary action of the subscapularis muscle?

Which of the following muscles is found in the posterior compartment of the arm?

What nerve innervates all muscles in the posterior compartment of the arm?

Which muscle in the posterior compartment of the arm crosses both the shoulder and elbow joints?

What action does the biceps brachii NOT primarily perform?

What is the path of the musculocutaneous nerve in relation to the coracobrachialis muscle?

Following its motor function in the arm, what does the musculocutaneous nerve become distally?

What part of the human would be affected by a lesion in the C5 dermatome?

What structures can potentially be affected by foraminal stenosis, leading to brachial plexus symptoms?

Which combination of actions does the latissimus dorsi primarily facilitate at the glenohumeral (GH) joint?

A patient is diagnosed with damage to the musculocutaneous nerve. Which set of actions would be MOST difficult for them to perform?

A surgeon dividing the axilla during of a tumor of the breast inadvertently severs the axillary nerve. The consequence of this injury will MOST likely be a severely limited ability to perform what arm action?

What other pathology would MOST directly allow a skilled surgeon to have access to the location where the musculocutaneous nerve pierces coracobrachialis?