Upper Limb Anatomy - Axilla
15 Questions
0 Views

Choose a study mode

Play Quiz
Study Flashcards
Spaced Repetition
Chat to lesson

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

What is the main function of the circumflex arteries in relation to the shoulder joint?

  • To facilitate communication between the brachial and subclavian arteries
  • To drain deoxygenated blood from the shoulder region
  • To supply blood to the shoulder joint (correct)
  • To provide oxygenated blood to the teres major muscle
  • Where does the axillary artery begin?

  • At the junction of the subclavian and brachial arteries
  • At the rear of the shoulder joint
  • At the lateral border of the first rib (correct)
  • At the medial border of the second rib
  • Where does the axillary vein continue from?

  • The subclavian vein
  • The basilic vein
  • The brachial vein (correct)
  • The cephalic vein
  • In conjunction with what do the circumflex arteries anastomose?

    <p>Each other</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the axillary artery a continuation of?

    <p>The subclavian artery</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the anatomical significance of the teres major in relation to the axillary vein?

    <p>It serves as a landmark for the transition of the brachial vein to the axillary vein</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which structure is not considered part of the contents of the axilla?

    <p>Subclavian vein</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement about the axillary artery is correct?

    <p>The axillary artery begins as a continuation of the subclavian artery.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements correctly describes the axillary vein's location?

    <p>It runs parallel to the axillary artery</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which anatomical region does the axillary artery mainly supply?

    <p>The upper limb</p> Signup and view all the answers

    At what anatomical landmark does the axillary vein become the subclavian vein?

    <p>Outer border of the first rib</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is true regarding the axillary artery?

    <p>It corresponds closely to the tributaries of the axillary vein</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where is the axillary vein located in relation to the axillary artery?

    <p>Medial side</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many axillary lymph nodes are typically present in the axillary region?

    <p>20-30 LN</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following describes the axillary artery's relationship with the axillary vein?

    <p>The artery is always anterior to the vein</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Upper Limb Anatomy - Axilla

    • The axilla (armpit) is a pyramid-shaped space between the upper arm and the side of the chest.
    • Its function is to act as an important passageway for nerves, blood, and lymph vessels traveling from the neck to the upper limb.
    • The axilla narrows when the arm is adducted (pulled towards the body) and widens when the arm is abducted (pulled away from the body).
    • The axilla has an apex, base, and four walls (anterior, posterior, medial, and lateral).

    Axillary Inlet (Apex)

    • Bounded by the clavicle, upper border of the scapula, and the outer border of the first rib.
    • Serves as a communication channel between the axilla and the neck.
    • Vessels and nerves pass through this opening to reach the axilla from the body.

    Axilla Boundaries

    • Apex: Formed by the clavicle, upper border of the scapula, and the first rib.
    • Base: Formed by the skin stretching between the anterior and posterior walls. Anterior axillary fold created by the lower border of the pectoralis major muscle. Posterior axillary fold created by the tendons of latissimus dorsi and teres major muscle. Medially by ribs 4-5 and the chest wall.
    • Anterior Wall: Composed of the pectoralis major, pectoralis minor, subclavius muscles, and clavipectoral fascia.
    • Posterior Wall: Consists of the subscapularis, latissimus dorsi, and teres major muscles.
    • Medial Wall: Formed by the serratus anterior muscle, upper 4-5 ribs, and intercostal muscles.
    • Lateral Wall: Consists of the coracobrachialis, biceps brachii, and the bicipital groove of the humerus.

    Axillary Contents

    • Axillary Artery: Starts at the lateral border of the first rib as a continuation of the subclavian artery; terminates at the lower border of the teres major muscle, becoming the brachial artery.
    • Axillary Vein: Continues the brachial vein at the lower margin of the teres major; becomes the subclavian vein at the outer border of the first rib.
    • Brachial Plexus: A complex network of nerves in the axilla.
    • Axillary Lymph Nodes: Approximately 20-30 nodes, arranged in five groups (humeral, pectoral, subscapular, central, and apical), draining an extensive area of the upper limb, upper back, shoulder, lower neck, chest, and upper abdominal wall.

    Axillary Artery Segments

    • The pectoralis minor muscle divides the axillary artery into three parts:
    • First Part: Above the pectoralis minor muscle.
    • Second Part: Behind the pectoralis minor muscle.
    • Third Part: Below the pectoralis minor muscle.

    Axillary Artery Branches

    • First Part (Superior Thoracic Artery): A small artery running between the pectoral muscles, supplying the side of the chest in the upper two intercostal spaces.
    • Second Part (Lateral Thoracic Artery): Runs along the lower border of the pectoralis minor, supplying the pectoral muscles, serratus anterior, and breast.
    • Second Part (Thoracoacromial Artery): Passes along the upper border of the pectoralis minor, piercing the clavipectoral fascia, and dividing into four branches (pectoral, acromial, clavicular, and deltoid).
    • Third Part (Subscapular Artery): A large branch passing towards the inferior angle of the scapula, accompanied by the thoracodorsal nerve, and providing branches for circumflex scapular, thoracodorsal, posterior humeral circumflex, and anterior humeral circumflex arteries.
    • Third Part (Anterior and Posterior Circumflex Humeral Arteries): Surround the surgical neck of the humerus (anteriorly and posteriorly), anastomose with each other, and supply the shoulder joint.

    Axillary Vein

    • Continuation of the brachial vein.
    • Becomes the subclavian vein at the outer border of the first rib.
    • Similar tributaries to the branches of the axillary artery.
    • Lies on the medial side of the artery.

    Axillary Sheath

    • Axillary sheath enclosing the axillary artery and brachial plexus.
    • It contains the axillary vein, but is not strictly a content due to its expansion ability allowing increased venous return.

    Efferent Lymphatic Vessels

    • Efferent (outgoing) vessels from the apical lymph node group form the subclavian trunk.
    • On the left, the subclavian trunk joins the thoracic duct.
    • On the right, it joins the venous system at the junction of the right subclavian and internal jugular veins.

    Axillary Lymph Node Groups

    • Divided into five groups based on location: humeral (lateral), pectoral (anterior), subscapular (posterior), central, and apical.

    Studying That Suits You

    Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

    Quiz Team

    Related Documents

    Description

    Explore the intricate anatomy of the axilla, a critical passageway in the upper limb. This quiz covers the boundaries, apex, and functions of the axilla, including its role in nerve and blood vessel transport. Test your knowledge on this essential part of upper limb anatomy.

    More Like This

    Human Anatomy Week 10 - Study Guide
    30 questions
    Axilla and Brachial Plexus Anatomy
    133 questions
    Axilla and Brachial Plexus Quiz
    49 questions

    Axilla and Brachial Plexus Quiz

    TerrificBromeliad8771 avatar
    TerrificBromeliad8771
    Use Quizgecko on...
    Browser
    Browser