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Questions and Answers
What is the normal position of scaption?
What is the normal position of scaption?
Which motion involves the anterior radial head?
Which motion involves the anterior radial head?
What happens to the distal radius during supination?
What happens to the distal radius during supination?
Which side of the clavicle is dysfunctional if it remains superior during shoulder shrugging?
Which side of the clavicle is dysfunctional if it remains superior during shoulder shrugging?
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What is the focus of the Spencer technique?
What is the focus of the Spencer technique?
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Which joint should the patient be seated to evaluate for restriction?
Which joint should the patient be seated to evaluate for restriction?
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What is the name of the technique developed by Charles H. Spencer?
What is the name of the technique developed by Charles H. Spencer?
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Which of the following is NOT a condition that the Spencer technique can be applied to?
Which of the following is NOT a condition that the Spencer technique can be applied to?
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What is the main function of the clavicular part of the deltoid muscle?
What is the main function of the clavicular part of the deltoid muscle?
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Which nerve innervates the deltoid muscle?
Which nerve innervates the deltoid muscle?
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What is the primary action of the latissimus dorsi muscle?
What is the primary action of the latissimus dorsi muscle?
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The labrum of the glenohumeral joint serves what purpose?
The labrum of the glenohumeral joint serves what purpose?
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How is rib motion divided?
How is rib motion divided?
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Which part of the deltoid muscle primarily abducts the arm?
Which part of the deltoid muscle primarily abducts the arm?
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What is the axis of motion for the pump handle motion of the ribs?
What is the axis of motion for the pump handle motion of the ribs?
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In what position is the thoracic spine usually treated in relation to the ribs?
In what position is the thoracic spine usually treated in relation to the ribs?
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What occurs to the anterior portion of the rib during inhalation?
What occurs to the anterior portion of the rib during inhalation?
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Which motion predominantly affects the lower ribs (7-10)?
Which motion predominantly affects the lower ribs (7-10)?
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What type of motion is exhibited by ribs 11 and 12?
What type of motion is exhibited by ribs 11 and 12?
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What happens to the lateral margin of the rib during exhalation?
What happens to the lateral margin of the rib during exhalation?
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In predominantly bucket-handle inhalation rib dysfunctions, how does the lateral portion of the dysfunctional rib move during exhalation?
In predominantly bucket-handle inhalation rib dysfunctions, how does the lateral portion of the dysfunctional rib move during exhalation?
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What is the predominant rib motion for ribs 1-3?
What is the predominant rib motion for ribs 1-3?
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During inhalation, what happens to the posterior angle of the rib?
During inhalation, what happens to the posterior angle of the rib?
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What occurs during predominantly pump-handle exhalation rib dysfunctions?
What occurs during predominantly pump-handle exhalation rib dysfunctions?
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In predominantly bucket-handle exhalation rib dysfunctions, which direction does the lateral portion of the dysfunctional rib move during inhalation?
In predominantly bucket-handle exhalation rib dysfunctions, which direction does the lateral portion of the dysfunctional rib move during inhalation?
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Where is the key rib located in exhalation somatic dysfunction?
Where is the key rib located in exhalation somatic dysfunction?
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What is the anatomical connection of Rib 1?
What is the anatomical connection of Rib 1?
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Which ribs are easily identified by finding Rib 2 and palpating down into the intercostal spaces?
Which ribs are easily identified by finding Rib 2 and palpating down into the intercostal spaces?
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What technique is mentioned to assess the position of the first rib?
What technique is mentioned to assess the position of the first rib?
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Which rib is level with the medial third of the clavicle?
Which rib is level with the medial third of the clavicle?
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In a seated-anterior approach for rib manipulation, where is the thumb placed?
In a seated-anterior approach for rib manipulation, where is the thumb placed?
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Which ribs are referred to as free-floating ribs?
Which ribs are referred to as free-floating ribs?
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What should be done if motion restriction is observed in ribs 7-10 during active motion testing?
What should be done if motion restriction is observed in ribs 7-10 during active motion testing?
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What does the spring test in the rib area help determine?
What does the spring test in the rib area help determine?
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Which muscles are used for treating rib 6-10 exhalation dysfunction?
Which muscles are used for treating rib 6-10 exhalation dysfunction?
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During treatment of inhalation somatic dysfunction, how should the physician assist the patient?
During treatment of inhalation somatic dysfunction, how should the physician assist the patient?
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Which ribs are associated with bucket handle dysfunctions?
Which ribs are associated with bucket handle dysfunctions?
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What is the purpose of using post-isometric relaxation in rib treatment?
What is the purpose of using post-isometric relaxation in rib treatment?
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What is a key step in assessing the movement of individual ribs?
What is a key step in assessing the movement of individual ribs?
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What is the expected outcome of the spring test on a dysfunctional rib?
What is the expected outcome of the spring test on a dysfunctional rib?
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Study Notes
Upper Extremity Muscle Energy
-
Normal Ranges of Motion:
- Forward flexion: 180 degrees
- Extension: 60 degrees
- Internal/External Rotation: 90 degrees each
- Abduction: 180 degrees
- Adduction: 45 degrees
- Elbow flexion: 150 degrees
- Elbow extension: 10 degrees
- Wrist extension: 70-90 degrees
- Wrist flexion: 80-90 degrees
- Wrist abduction (radial deviation): 15 degrees
- Wrist adduction (ulnar deviation): 30-45 degrees
- Supination/Pronation: 80-90 degrees
Restrictions of Motion
-
Radial Head Restrictions:
- Pronation restriction involves the anterior radial head.
- Supination restriction involves the posterior radial head.
- During pronation, distal radius moves anterior and medial; proximal radial head glides posterior.
- During supination, distal radius moves posterior and lateral; proximal radial head moves anterior.
Treatment of Forearm Pronation Restriction
- Stand in front of the patient on the same side of the dysfunction.
- Stabilize the elbow at 90 degrees flexion.
- Place thumb on the anterior aspect of the radial head.
- Apply pressure to guide the radial head posteriorly.
- Patient attempts forearm pronation until a barrier is reached.
- Perform 3-5 repetitions, 3-5 seconds each, until improved motion.
- Retest.
Treatment of Forearm Supination Restriction
- Stand in front of the patient on the same side of the dysfunction.
- Stabilize the elbow at 90 degrees flexion.
- Place thumb on the posterior aspect of the radial head.
- Apply pressure to guide the radial head anteriorly.
- Patient attempts forearm supination until a barrier is reached.
- Perform 3-5 repetitions, 3-5 seconds each, until improved motion.
- Retest.
Treatment of Wrist Restrictions
- Flexion: Support distal forearm, flex wrist to barrier, extend against resistance, repeat.
- Extension: Support distal forearm, extend wrist to barrier, flex against resistance, repeat.
- Abduction (Radial Deviation): Support distal forearm, abduct wrist to barrier, adduct against resistance, repeat.
- Adduction (Ulnar Deviation): Support distal forearm, adduct wrist to barrier, abduct against resistance, repeat.
Treatment of SC Joint Restriction
- Patient seated.
- Fingers placed superior to the medial clavicle, at eye level.
- Have patient shrug shoulders; side where clavicles remain more elevated is dysfunctional.
- Palpate the SC joint, abduct the shoulder until SC joint feels moved (45 degrees).
- Externally rotate the arm, extending it from the wrist, toward the floor, until resistance is felt.
- Patient lifts the arm towards the ceiling while resisting.
- Treat for 3-5 repetitions of 3-5 seconds each.
Treatment of Acromioclavicular Joint Restriction
- Patient in scaption (90 degrees abduction, 30 degrees horizontal rotation, 90 degrees elbow flexion).
- Manually rotate the arm externally to resistance, while maintaining scapular position and shoulder joint position.
- Perform 3-5 repetitions, 3-5 seconds each.
Other Procedures
- Spencer Technique: Shoulder treatment method with seven stages, useful in diagnosing and treating musculoskeletal dysfunctions.
- O.M.T on Thoracic Cage: Improves breathing, modulation of the sympathetic nervous system and facilitates nutritive support for tissues.
- Rib Motion: Pump-handle and Bucket-handle actions (inhalation and exhalation).
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Description
Explore the normal ranges of motion and restrictions of the upper extremity, focusing on muscle energy techniques for treatment. This quiz covers key aspects of forearm pronation and supination restrictions, providing a comprehensive understanding of the anatomy involved. Perfect for students and professionals in physical therapy and rehabilitation.
