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Questions and Answers
What is the main function of the muscles in the anterior compartment of the upper arm?
What is the main function of the muscles in the anterior compartment of the upper arm?
Which muscle has two heads and two sites of insertion?
Which muscle has two heads and two sites of insertion?
Where does the brachial artery terminate?
Where does the brachial artery terminate?
What is the main function of the Coracobrachialis muscle?
What is the main function of the Coracobrachialis muscle?
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Which nerve supplies the muscles in the anterior compartment?
Which nerve supplies the muscles in the anterior compartment?
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What is the origin of the Brachialis muscle?
What is the origin of the Brachialis muscle?
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Which vein becomes the axillary vein at the lower border of the teres major muscle?
Which vein becomes the axillary vein at the lower border of the teres major muscle?
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What is the function of the Profunda brachii branch of the brachial artery?
What is the function of the Profunda brachii branch of the brachial artery?
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Which of the following is NOT a branch of the brachial artery?
Which of the following is NOT a branch of the brachial artery?
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Where can the brachial artery be compressed?
Where can the brachial artery be compressed?
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Study Notes
Upper Arm Structure
- The upper arm extends from the shoulder to the elbow.
- It is divided into two compartments: anterior and posterior, by the medial and lateral intermuscular septa.
Anterior Compartment
- Contains muscles that flex the elbow joint.
- Muscles in this compartment include:
- Biceps brachii
- Brachialis
- Coracobrachialis
- Blood vessels: Brachial A., Brachial V.
- Nerve supply: Musculocutaneous N.
Muscles in Anterior Compartment
- Biceps brachii: has two heads and two sites of insertion.
- Coracobrachialis: originates from the coracoid process and inserts into the medial side of the humerus.
- Brachialis: originates from the anterior surface of the humerus and inserts into the ulnar tuberosity.
- Nerve supply: Musculocutaneous N.
- Action: elbow flexion, shoulder flexion (Coracobrachialis & Long head of biceps).
Brachial Artery
- Begins as a continuation of the axillary artery at the lower border of the teres major muscle.
- Terminates just distal to the elbow joint, dividing into the radial and ulnar arteries.
- It is palpable along its length.
- In proximal regions, the brachial artery can be compressed against the medial side of the humerus.
- Branches:
- Muscular
- Profunda brachii
- Humeral nutrient
- Sup. Ulnar collateral
- Inf. Ulnar collateral
- Terminal: Radial and Ulnar
Veins in the Arm
- There are two sets of veins in the arm: superficial and deep.
- Superficial veins:
- Basilic V.: originates at the distal part of the arm, runs medially, then penetrates deep fascia to become medial to the brachial A., and finally becomes the axillary V. at the lower border of the teres major muscle.
- Cephalic V.: passes superiorly on the anterolateral aspect of the arm, and through the anterior wall of the axilla to reach the axillary vein.
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Description
This quiz covers the anatomy of the upper arm, including its compartments, muscles, blood vessels, and nerve supply. Learn about the anterior and posterior compartments, the muscles that flex and extend the elbow joint, and more.
