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Questions and Answers
Which supergroup includes red algae, green algae, and land plants?
Which supergroup includes red algae, green algae, and land plants?
What is the main photosynthetic pigment responsible for the reddish color of red algae?
What is the main photosynthetic pigment responsible for the reddish color of red algae?
Which group of green algae is more closely related to land plants?
Which group of green algae is more closely related to land plants?
What is the main difference between plasmodial and cellular slime molds?
What is the main difference between plasmodial and cellular slime molds?
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Which domain do all protists belong to?
Which domain do all protists belong to?
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What is the main characteristic of protists?
What is the main characteristic of protists?
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What is the process by which protists reproduce?
What is the process by which protists reproduce?
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Which substance is produced by giant kelps and other brown algae and is used in ice cream and salad dressing?
Which substance is produced by giant kelps and other brown algae and is used in ice cream and salad dressing?
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What is the potential human food source made from diatoms?
What is the potential human food source made from diatoms?
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Which substance, produced by red algae, is used as a thickening agent in food?
Which substance, produced by red algae, is used as a thickening agent in food?
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Which supergroup includes autotrophs, heterotrophs, and parasites?
Which supergroup includes autotrophs, heterotrophs, and parasites?
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Which clade has modified mitochondria and multiple flagella?
Which clade has modified mitochondria and multiple flagella?
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Which group includes diatoms, brown algae, and oomycetes?
Which group includes diatoms, brown algae, and oomycetes?
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What is the distinguishing feature of Amoebas in the Rhizarians group?
What is the distinguishing feature of Amoebas in the Rhizarians group?
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Which structure in ferns is responsible for producing eggs?
Which structure in ferns is responsible for producing eggs?
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What is the main function of rhizoids in ferns?
What is the main function of rhizoids in ferns?
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Which of the following is NOT a human and ecological relevance of ferns?
Which of the following is NOT a human and ecological relevance of ferns?
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Which group of plants has specialized pores on their leaves called stomata that allow for gas exchange and regulate water evaporation?
Which group of plants has specialized pores on their leaves called stomata that allow for gas exchange and regulate water evaporation?
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Which phase of the plant life cycle produces spores through meiosis?
Which phase of the plant life cycle produces spores through meiosis?
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Which group of plants has flagellated sperm that swim to the female gametangia for fertilization?
Which group of plants has flagellated sperm that swim to the female gametangia for fertilization?
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Which type of plants have apical meristems at the tips of their roots and shoots for primary growth?
Which type of plants have apical meristems at the tips of their roots and shoots for primary growth?
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Which of the following is a characteristic of bryophytes?
Which of the following is a characteristic of bryophytes?
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Which part of the bryophyte sporophyte absorbs nutrients from the gametophyte?
Which part of the bryophyte sporophyte absorbs nutrients from the gametophyte?
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Which of the following is a characteristic of seedless vascular plants?
Which of the following is a characteristic of seedless vascular plants?
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What is the function of xylem in vascular plants?
What is the function of xylem in vascular plants?
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Which group of plants evolved from Charophyte green algae?
Which group of plants evolved from Charophyte green algae?
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What is the function of stomata in plants?
What is the function of stomata in plants?
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What is the main function of cuticle in plants?
What is the main function of cuticle in plants?
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Study Notes
Archaeplastida
- Red algae, green algae, and land plants belong to the Archaeplastida supergroup.
- Phycoerythrin is the main photosynthetic pigment in red algae.
- Charophytes are more closely related to land plants than chlorophytes.
Slime Molds
- Plasmodial slime molds are multinucleate, while cellular slime molds are unicellular.
Protists
- Protists belong to the domain Eukarya.
- Protists are eukaryotic organisms that are not animals, plants, or fungi.
- Protists reproduce primarily via asexual reproduction, with some also exhibiting sexual reproduction in their life cycles.
Brown Algae
- Algin is a substance produced by giant kelps and other brown algae, used in ice cream and salad dressing.
- Diatoms are a potential human food source.
Red Algae
- Carrageenan is a substance extracted from red algae, used as a thickening agent in food.
Chromalveolates
- Chromalveolates include autotrophs, heterotrophs, and parasites.
Excavata
- Excavata have modified mitochondria and multiple flagella.
Stramenopiles
- Stramenopiles include diatoms, brown algae, and oomycetes.
Rhizarians
- Amoebas in the Rhizarians group have pseudopodia for movement and feeding.
Ferns
- Archegonia in ferns produce eggs.
- Rhizoids in ferns anchor the plant and absorb water and nutrients.
- Ferns play a crucial role in soil stabilization, providing habitat for various species, and serving as a food source for herbivores.
Land Plants
- Stomata are specialized pores on leaves in land plants facilitating gas exchange and water regulation.
- The sporophyte generation produces spores through meiosis in the plant life cycle.
- Flagellated sperm in land plants enables them to swim to the female gametangia for fertilization.
- Apical meristems at the tips of roots and shoots allow plants to undergo primary growth.
Bryophytes
- Bryophytes are non-vascular plants, meaning lack of true roots, stems, and leaves.
- The sporophyte of bryophytes depends on the gametophyte for nutrition absorption.
Seedless Vascular Plants
- Seedless vascular plants have vascular tissue (xylem and phloem) for efficient transport but do not produce seeds.
- Xylem in vascular plants transports water and minerals from the roots to other parts of the plant.
Charophytes
- Land plants evolved from charophyte green algae.
Cuticle and Stomata
- Stomata are tiny pores on plant surfaces that allow for gas exchange and water regulation.
- The cuticle acts as a protective layer, preventing excessive water loss and protecting plants from pathogens.
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Description
Test your knowledge about the Archaeplastida supergroup, which includes red algae, green algae, and land plants. Learn about their evolutionary origin from an ancient protist, their photoautotrophic nature, and the unique characteristics of red algae, such as their red color and presence in warm coastal waters. Explore their multicellular nature and alternation of generations.
