64 Questions
Match the terminology:
Atomic = – smallest unit in the body that houses organelles required to function Molecular = most simple level Cellular = – group of similar cells that perform a similar function. 4 major types – nervous, connective tissue, muscle, epithelial tissue Tissue = groups of atoms come together to form molecules
Match the terminology:
Organs = – different organs work together to meet a body need eg. Respiratory system or cardiovascular system Cells = – made up of all the systems working together Organ system = – different types of tissues together form an organ Organism = are the building blocks of all living things
the function of a cell will?
will determine cell shape and structure and what organelles are predominant
cells are made up of essentially the same structures?
Cell (plasma) membrane Nucleus Cytoplasm (containing organelles)
cell plasma membrane Allows some molecules to pass, but blocks others
True
Which molecules can diffuse rapidly through the lipid bilayer of the cell membrane?
Small hydrophobic molecules
What type of molecules require specific transmembrane proteins for passage through the cell membrane?
Highly charged molecules
What is the primary role of cell membranes in protecting the cell?
Shielding the cell from harmful substances
Which type of proteins are responsible for regulating what enters and exits the cell?
Membrane transport proteins
Which type of proteins in the cell membrane have communication-related functions?
Transmembrane proteins binding signals
According to the fluid mosaic model, what is the dynamic nature of cell membranes attributed to?
Lateral movement of lipids and proteins
Which of the following statements accurately describes the structure of cell membranes?
Cell membranes are composed of a bilayer of phospholipids with hydrophobic tails facing inward and hydrophilic heads facing outward.
What is the primary function of the semipermeable nature of cell membranes?
To control the movement of molecules in and out of the cell.
Which of the following components is not typically found in cell membranes?
Cellulose
What is the primary role of cholesterol in cell membranes?
To provide structural stability and fluidity to the membrane.
Which of the following statements about the composition of cell membranes is correct?
The proportion of lipids in cell membranes is approximately 50% but can vary depending on the type of membrane.
What is the primary function of proteins in cell membranes?
All of the above.
What is the primary function of the lipid bilayer in the cell membrane?
To allow for the selective diffusion of hydrophobic molecules
What property of the cell membrane is responsible for its selective permeability?
The presence of transmembrane proteins
Which type of transport process in the cell membrane requires the expenditure of energy?
Active transport
What is the primary role of the hydrophobic tails of the lipid molecules in the cell membrane?
To shield the hydrophilic heads from the aqueous environment
Which of the following molecules can easily pass through the lipid bilayer of the cell membrane?
Gases like oxygen and carbon dioxide
What is the role of facilitated diffusion in the cell membrane?
To assist the movement of particular molecules across the membrane by binding to them
What is the primary function of a semipermeable membrane in the context of a cell?
Regulating the flow of materials into and out of the cell
Which best describes the composition of the cell membrane?
Consists of a phospholipid bilayer with hydrophilic and hydrophobic regions
Why is the semipermeable nature of the cell membrane important for cellular function?
To maintain a balance of nutrients within the cell
Which feature enables a semipermeable membrane to selectively allow substances to pass through?
Specific arrangement of phospholipids in the lipid bilayer
How does a semipermeable membrane contribute to cellular integrity?
By selectively controlling the flow of materials into and out of the cell
Which aspect of a semipermeable membrane is essential for separating the interior of a cell from its external environment?
The hydrophobic tails in the phospholipid bilayer
what are the cell membrane extensions?
Cilia, Flagella
match the following:
Flagella = Act to move fluid, mucus, cell debris across a cell surface eg. lungs Cilia = One larger extension on individual cells Flagella = Like little mobile hairs that extend from the cell surface of a group of cells Cilia = Propel cells allowing movement eg. sperm cell
what cell does not contain a nucleus?
red blood cells, RBC
The Nucleus is also known as?
“Control centre” of the cell that contains genetic material – deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) cell division
Nuclear membrane Contains selective ________that allow for the exchange of material between the nucleus and cytoplasm
pores
Nuclear membrane is __________ membrane around the nucleus
Semi-permeable
where is the Nucleolus ?
inside the nucleus
What does RNA stand for?
Ribonucleic acid
What happens in the Nucleolus?
Sites of ribosome production
Ribosomes then migrate to the cytoplasm through_______ into cytoplasm
nuclear pores
The chromatin is the cells genetic material
True
The chromosomes and their component genes control _________ and most____________ .
cellular structure,cellular activities
Math the following :
Cytosol – = the substance of the cell with organelles Cytoskeleton = – “little organs” that have specialised functions Organelles = viscous fluid Cytoplasm = – gives support and structure
Cytoskeleton function is ?
Gives support and shape, enables movement, anchors organelles within the cytosol
The cytoskeleton is a cellular "scaffolding" or "skeleton" that crisscrosses the cytoplasm.
True
match the following words:
Microtubules = to cause contraction in muscle cells Cytoplasm = protein keratin are found in skin, hair, and nails cells Microfilaments = re hollow cylinders and are the thickest of the cytoskeleton structures Intermediate filaments = Flexible, protein fibrils that can change with the needs of the cell
The Mitochondria is also known as?
Powerhouse” of the cell
In Cellular (aerobic) respiration the cell uses oxygen (O2) to break down glucose, producing ____________ energy and carbon dioxide (CO2) as a waste product
adenosine triphosphate (ATP)
Cells that have high energy demands like muscles have higher concentrations of mitochondria in their cytoplasm
True
what are ribosomes?
Cytoplasmic organelles
Where is ribosomes made?
Made in the nucleolus
Ribosomes are released through nuclear pores into the cytoplasm
True
Where are ribosomes found?
Free in the cytoplasm
Where are ribosomes found?
Attached to the rough endoplasmic reticulum
What are ribosomes made from?
Made up of protein and RNA
Match the following with each other?
Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum (SER) = Studded with ribosomes (makes it “rough”) Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum (RER) = Manufactures lipids, phospholipids, and hormones and other substances needed by the body Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum (RER) = Production and modification of proteins – packages the proteins into vesicles to be transported to Golgi apparatus Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum (SER) = Not as common
Cytoplasmic organelles the Golgi apparatus/Golgi body properties ?
Receives proteins from the endoplasmic reticulum
Cytoplasmic organelles the Golgi apparatus/Golgi body properties ?
modifies and packages the proteins in vesicles
The Golgi apparatus/Golgi body, Sends the vesicles to where they are needed – within the cell or to the extracellular space
True
Golgi apparatus/Golgi body Also produces _________ – vesicles with digestive enzymes
lysosymes
What is Cytoplasmic inclusions
Lysosomes = – Lining cells. Covers all internal (hollow organs, body cavities) and external body surfaces eg. skin, lining of blood vessels inclusions formed = – type of vesicle that contains digestive enzymes that break down materials within the cell. Used to remove damaged organelles etc Vesicles, vacuoles = during any intracellular process where something is produced in one organelle and needs to be stored or transported elsewhere Epithelial = sac formed by a membrane that function in storage and transport
Four main types of tissues:
Epithelial – = connects, separates and supports other tissue types eg. fat, tendon, ligaments, tendons, fascia etc Connective Tissue – = brain, spinal cord and nerves Muscle – = smooth muscle (organs), cardiac (heart muscle), skeletal muscle (attached to bones) Nervous – = Lining cells. Covers all internal (hollow organs, body cavities) and external body surfaces eg. skin, lining of blood vessels
What is a group of cells called?
tissue
Group of several types of tissues that come together to perform a function
organs
Integumentary system is?
Skin, mucosa, hair, feathers, scales, beaks
Explore the structure, function, and semipermeability of cell membranes in living organisms. Learn how cell membranes separate the interior of cells from the external environment and control the transport of substances. Gain insight into the complex biological structures of cell membranes.
Make Your Own Quizzes and Flashcards
Convert your notes into interactive study material.
Get started for free
