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Questions and Answers
What was the main objective of the Gallipoli campaign?
Who pushed for the naval attack on the Dardanelles?
What happened after the naval attack failed?
Which troops fought valiantly against the Ottoman defenders?
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What was the outcome of the Gallipoli campaign?
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What was the significance of the Gallipoli campaign in World War I?
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What was the approximate number of casualties in the Gallipoli campaign?
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What did the Gallipoli campaign become for Australia and New Zealand?
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What was the primary factor that led to Australia's heavy involvement in World War I?
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What was a significant innovation in warfare introduced during World War I?
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What was the name of the day on which the ANZACS and other Australian soldiers are commemorated every year?
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What was the approximate number of deaths resulting from World War I?
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What was the consequence of the peace treaty signed in 1918?
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Study Notes
Gallipoli Campaign
- The Gallipoli campaign was a failed attempt by the Allied powers to open a new front and knock the Ottoman Empire out of World War I.
World War I Context
- The Gallipoli campaign was a major event in World War I, aimed at opening a new front and weakening the Ottoman Empire.
Naval Expedition
- The Allies launched a naval expedition to capture the Dardanelles straits and open up supply routes with Russia.
- British Admiral Winston Churchill pushed for the naval attack on the Dardanelles.
- The assault failed due to Turkish defenses and mines.
Amphibious Assault
- A full-scale amphibious assault was launched on the Gallipoli Peninsula, resulting in heavy casualties.
ANZAC Troops
- Australian and New Zealand troops fought valiantly against the Ottoman defenders.
- The campaign became a defining moment in the histories of both countries.
Stalemate and Evacuation
- Trench warfare, summer heat, and disease led to a stalemate.
- The Allies eventually evacuated their troops with no casualties.
Consequences of the Campaign
- The Gallipoli campaign resulted in over 250,000 casualties for both the Allies and the Ottomans.
Legacy of the Campaign
- The bravery and sacrifice of the Australian and New Zealand troops at Gallipoli shaped their national identities and independence.
- The campaign demonstrated the challenges of opening new fronts and the cost of failed military strategies.
- The battle was seen as a significant event in the foundation of modern Turkey and the final victorious defense before the end of the Ottoman Empire.
World War 1
- The world witnessed more deadly wars in the 20th century, with World War 1 being one of the most devastating, resulting in over 15 million deaths.
- The war started in 1914 due to an assassination in Europe, involving mainly Western European countries and their allies from around the world.
- The war was characterized by trench warfare and the introduction of new weapons, including gas, machine guns, hot air balloons, aeroplanes, and tanks.
Australia's Role in WW1
- Australia was heavily involved in WW1 due to its close relationship with Britain.
- The Gallipoli campaign was Australia's most famous, albeit disastrous, role in WW1, contributing to the creation of the ANZAC legend.
- The ANZACS and other Australian soldiers are commemorated annually on April 25th.
Post-WW1
- The peace treaty signed in 1918 would ultimately lead to a second war, World War 2, just 20 years later.
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Description
The Gallipoli Campaign was a failed attempt by the Allied powers to open a new front and knock the Ottoman Empire out of World War I. Learn about the naval expedition and the World War I context.
