Bacteria
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Questions and Answers

What are the simplest prokaryotic

Bacteriq

organisms without nuclear membrane are called

Bacteria

------- are the simplest prokaryotic (organisms without nuclear membrane) microorganisms having the common chemical composition of DNA, RNA and protein.

Bacteria

Bacteria are the simplest prokaryotic (organisms without nuclear membrane) microorganisms having the common chemical composition of

<p>DNA,RNA and proteins</p> Signup and view all the answers

were among the first living things to appear on Earth, and are present in the soil, water, acidic hot springs, radioactive wastes, and the deep portions of the Earth’s crust.

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

Bacteria were discovered by

<p>Antonio Van Leeuwenhoek</p> Signup and view all the answers

Bacteria was discovered in wgat year?

<p>1626</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who intodyced the word"bacterium"

<p>Luria</p> Signup and view all the answers

Thecword bacterium was introduced when?

<p>1828</p> Signup and view all the answers

They also cannot live in symbiotic and parasitic relationships with plants and animals

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

There are approximately ------bacteria on Earth

<p>5x10³⁰</p> Signup and view all the answers

The branch in microbiology concerned in the study of bacteria is called?

<p>Bacteriology</p> Signup and view all the answers

The branch in microbiology concerned in the study of bacteria(bacteriology) was discovered by

<p>Pasteur</p> Signup and view all the answers

Bacterias are disease causing agents aka

<p>Pathogens</p> Signup and view all the answers

A typical bacterial cell measures a few micrometers

<p>0.5-5.o micrometers in length</p> Signup and view all the answers

Bacteria belongs to whqt kingdom

<p>Monera</p> Signup and view all the answers

Bacterias are over --- species

<p>2,000</p> Signup and view all the answers

A bacterias shape could be

<p>Spherical,rod like,comma,spiral,tightly coiled,tetraherdral/ cubiodal</p> Signup and view all the answers

Spherical bacteria;

<p>Cocci/Coccus</p> Signup and view all the answers

Rod shaped bacteria;

<p>Bacilli/ Bacillus</p> Signup and view all the answers

Slightly curved rods or comma shaped bacteria;

<p>Vibrio/ Vibrium</p> Signup and view all the answers

Spiral shaped bacterium

<p>Spirilla/ spirillum</p> Signup and view all the answers

tightly coiled bacteria

<p>Spirochetes</p> Signup and view all the answers

paired cocci as a result of division.

<p>Micrococcus</p> Signup and view all the answers

Cocci arranged in chains due to successive cell divisions in the same axis.

<p>Streptococcus</p> Signup and view all the answers

Cocci arranged in cubical packets of 8 or multiples of 8 due to division in 3 planes at right angles to each other.

<p>Monotrichous</p> Signup and view all the answers

Coccus that divides in 2 planes and remain in groups of 4

<p>Sarcina</p> Signup and view all the answers

Presence of a single polar flagellum at one end of the cell

<p>Lophotrichous</p> Signup and view all the answers

Presence of several flagella at one or both end(s) of the cell.

<p>Streptococcus</p> Signup and view all the answers

Another name for Staphylococcus is?

<p>Micrococcus</p> Signup and view all the answers

Presence of several flagella over the entire cell surface.

<p>Peritrichous</p> Signup and view all the answers

Presence of a single flagellum or multiple flagella at both ends of the cell.

<p>Amphitrichous</p> Signup and view all the answers

A typical bacterial cell can be divided into

<p>5 regions</p> Signup and view all the answers

A typical bacterial cell can be divided into 5 regions namely;

<p>Surface appandages,surface adherents,cell wall,plasma of cell membrane,cytoplasm</p> Signup and view all the answers

Syrface appendages are the

<p>Flagella,fimbria,pilus</p> Signup and view all the answers

-----is the rigid structure, about 20 nm in diameter and up to 20 µm in length used for motility.

<p>Flagellum/ flagella</p> Signup and view all the answers

A flagella is how long in diameter and length

<p>20 nanometer in diameter and 20micrometer in length</p> Signup and view all the answers

Protein structures of a flagellum is called what?

<p>Flagellin</p> Signup and view all the answers

--------originates from the cytoplasm, and it is many times longer than the bacterial cell.

<p>Flagellum</p> Signup and view all the answers

A flagellum consists of how many parts?

<p>3</p> Signup and view all the answers

A flagellum consists of 3 part namely

<p>Basal bofy,hook,filament</p> Signup and view all the answers

-----are distributed over the surface of the cell wall, and resemble fine hairs when viewed under the electron microscope

<p>Fimbria</p> Signup and view all the answers

They are fine filaments of protein, usually 2-10 nm in diameter and up to several µm in length.

<p>Fimbria</p> Signup and view all the answers

Fimbriae are shorter and stiffer than flagella.

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

------are small tube-like projections found on the surface of a bacterial cell wall

<p>Pilus</p> Signup and view all the answers

They are similar to the fimbriae in structure, but slightly larger

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

Surface Adherents are also called

<p>Glycocalyx</p> Signup and view all the answers

Surface Adherents or Glycocalyx are the

<p>Slime layer and capsules</p> Signup and view all the answers

s a disorganised layer of extra-cellular polymer which is non-fluid in consistency

<p>slime layer</p> Signup and view all the answers

  • is the outermost layer of the bacterial cell and is relatively narrow and well defined

<p>capsule</p> Signup and view all the answers

Capsule is highly structured and composed of?

<p>polysaccharides or disaccharides and polypeptides</p> Signup and view all the answers

Macro capsule is greater than - in thickness

<p>&gt; 2 micrometer</p> Signup and view all the answers

Micro capsule is less than -- in thickness

<p>&lt;2 micrometers</p> Signup and view all the answers

common bacterial cell wall material is?

<p>peptidoglycan</p> Signup and view all the answers

common bacterial cell wall material is peptidoglycan which is made up of?

<p>lycoproteins, lipopolysaccharides and lipoproteins.</p> Signup and view all the answers

The cell accounts for --- percent of the dry weight of the bacterial cell.

<p>20%</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many types of cell walls does a bacteria have?

<p>2</p> Signup and view all the answers

There are broadly speaking two types of cell wall in bacteria

<p>Gram positive(thick), Gram negative(thin)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Bacterial cells which retain the Gram stain after alcoholic treatment are termed

<p>Gram positive</p> Signup and view all the answers

Gram stain after alcoholic treatment are termed

<p>Gram negative</p> Signup and view all the answers

Gram Staining Test: It was devised by who

<p>Hans Christian Grams</p> Signup and view all the answers

Grams straining test was devised in what year

<p>1894</p> Signup and view all the answers

The preparation is then treated with ----- for the decolorization test

<p>Alcohol or acetone</p> Signup and view all the answers

The Gram Staining Test can be observed by

<p>Looking at glass slides</p> Signup and view all the answers

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