digestion (p1)
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Questions and Answers

define ingestion

the intake of food into the mouth

define mastication

process of chewing food in the mouth

role of saliva in digestion

contains mucus to lubricate food and the enzyme salivary amylase, which begins the chemical digestion of starch into maltose

list the four types of teeth and their functions in mechanical digestion

<p>incisors (biting/cutting), canines (tearing), premolars (crushing), molars (grinding)</p> Signup and view all the answers

describe peristalsis

<p>wave like muscle contractions that move food through the oesophagus and other parts of the alimentary canal</p> Signup and view all the answers

function of pyloric sphincter

<p>regulates flow of material from stomach to duodenum</p> Signup and view all the answers

whats chyme

<p>thick soupy liquid food is converted into in the stomach after being mixed with gastric juices</p> Signup and view all the answers

primary role of pancreatic juice in digestion

<p>contains enzymes that help digest carbohydrates, proteins, and fats and it neutralises stomach acid in the duodenum</p> Signup and view all the answers

what are bile salts and what is their function in digestion

<p>emulsify fats, breaking them into smaller droplets to increase the SA for lipase action, aiding in mechanical digestion</p> Signup and view all the answers

explain process of segmentation in small intestine

<p>involves contractions of the circular muscles in the small intestine that break up the bolus and mix it with digestive juices and bile</p> Signup and view all the answers

what type of digestion begins in the mouth

<p>both a and b</p> Signup and view all the answers

which enzyme in saliva begins the chemical digestion of starch

<p>amylase</p> Signup and view all the answers

primary function of oesophagus

<p>transport of food from pharynx to stomach</p> Signup and view all the answers

which muscle layer is unique to the stomach compared to the rest of the alimentary canal

<p>oblique muscle</p> Signup and view all the answers

which substance does the gall bladder store and release

<p>bile</p> Signup and view all the answers

which section of small intestine is primarily responsible for nutrient absorption

<p>jejunum</p> Signup and view all the answers

which enzyme is responsible for breaking down proteins in the stomach

<p>pepsin</p> Signup and view all the answers

what does peristalsis refer to

<p>wave like muscle contractions that move food down digestive tract</p> Signup and view all the answers

which organ is not part of the alimentary canal but plays a crucial role in digestion

<p>pancreas</p> Signup and view all the answers

whats the primary function of the large intestine

<p>absorption of water and electrolytes</p> Signup and view all the answers

Salivary amylase is an enzyme that begins the chemical digestion of ______ in the mouth.

<p>starch</p> Signup and view all the answers

The four types of teeth involved in mechanical digestion are incisors, canines, ______, and ______.

<p>Answer: premolars, molars</p> Signup and view all the answers

Pancreatic ______ breaks down starch into maltose.

<p>amylase</p> Signup and view all the answers

The final part of the small intestine, where vitamin B12 and bile salts are absorbed, is the ______.

<p>Answer: ileum</p> Signup and view all the answers

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