Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which of the following microscopic findings is most indicative of reactive lymphadenitis rather than a malignant lymphoma?
Which of the following microscopic findings is most indicative of reactive lymphadenitis rather than a malignant lymphoma?
- Predominance of Reed-Sternberg cells within an inflammatory milieu.
- Diffuse infiltration of large atypical lymphocytes with vesicular nuclei.
- Follicular hyperplasia with preserved nodal architecture, paracortical expansion, and sinus histiocytosis. (correct)
- Monoclonal lymphoid proliferation disrupting the lymph node architecture.
A patient's blood smear shows an elevated white blood cell count. Which finding would suggest reactive leukocytosis rather than a leukemia?
A patient's blood smear shows an elevated white blood cell count. Which finding would suggest reactive leukocytosis rather than a leukemia?
- Presence of Auer rods within the cytoplasm of some cells.
- Dysplastic changes in all three hematopoietic cell lines.
- Numerous immature blast cells compromising a significant proportion of the white cells.
- Elevated numbers of mature neutrophils and other normal-appearing leukocytes. (correct)
Which of the following best describes the defining morphological characteristic of lymphoma development in a lymph node?
Which of the following best describes the defining morphological characteristic of lymphoma development in a lymph node?
- Infiltration of neutrophils into the lymphatic vessels.
- Expansion of the paracortical region due to T-cell activation.
- Monoclonal proliferation of lymphoid cells causing disruption of the normal lymph node architecture. (correct)
- Polyclonal proliferation of lymphoid cells within germinal centers.
A bone marrow biopsy reveals hypercellularity with an increased number of blast cells. What additional finding is most suggestive of leukemia?
A bone marrow biopsy reveals hypercellularity with an increased number of blast cells. What additional finding is most suggestive of leukemia?
Microscopic examination of lymphatic vessels reveals neutrophilic infiltration. Which condition is most likely indicated by this finding?
Microscopic examination of lymphatic vessels reveals neutrophilic infiltration. Which condition is most likely indicated by this finding?
Which cellular characteristic is the defining feature of Hodgkin Lymphoma?
Which cellular characteristic is the defining feature of Hodgkin Lymphoma?
What combination of cellular features is most indicative of Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL)?
What combination of cellular features is most indicative of Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL)?
Which of the following features is most characteristic of Follicular Lymphoma?
Which of the following features is most characteristic of Follicular Lymphoma?
What accounts for the distinctive 'starry-sky' appearance observed in Burkitt Lymphoma histology?
What accounts for the distinctive 'starry-sky' appearance observed in Burkitt Lymphoma histology?
To diagnose Diffuse Large B-cell Lymphoma (DLBCL), what cellular morphology is commonly observed?
To diagnose Diffuse Large B-cell Lymphoma (DLBCL), what cellular morphology is commonly observed?
Which microscopic findings in bone marrow or peripheral blood are most suggestive of Multiple Myeloma?
Which microscopic findings in bone marrow or peripheral blood are most suggestive of Multiple Myeloma?
Monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) is distinguished from multiple myeloma primarily by what morphological feature?
Monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) is distinguished from multiple myeloma primarily by what morphological feature?
A lymph node biopsy shows effacement of normal architecture. If the predominant cells are small lymphocytes admixed with prolymphocytes, what diagnosis is most likely?
A lymph node biopsy shows effacement of normal architecture. If the predominant cells are small lymphocytes admixed with prolymphocytes, what diagnosis is most likely?
Increased eosinophils, bilobed Reed-Sternberg cells, and Hodgkin cells are seen on a lymph node biopsy. What specific type of Hodgkin Lymphoma would be suspected?
Increased eosinophils, bilobed Reed-Sternberg cells, and Hodgkin cells are seen on a lymph node biopsy. What specific type of Hodgkin Lymphoma would be suspected?
Which lymphoma is characterized by CD15 and CD30 positivity, along with the presence of Reed-Sternberg cells, but is NOT considered a classical Hodgkin Lymphoma?
Which lymphoma is characterized by CD15 and CD30 positivity, along with the presence of Reed-Sternberg cells, but is NOT considered a classical Hodgkin Lymphoma?
A blood smear shows atypical lymphocytes with marked cerebriform nuclei. Which diagnosis is most likely?
A blood smear shows atypical lymphocytes with marked cerebriform nuclei. Which diagnosis is most likely?
What genetic abnormality is most closely associated with the pathogenesis of Burkitt Lymphoma?
What genetic abnormality is most closely associated with the pathogenesis of Burkitt Lymphoma?
In the context of B-cell lymphomas, what is the significance of BCL2 expression?
In the context of B-cell lymphomas, what is the significance of BCL2 expression?
What is the typical immunophenotype of Mantle Cell Lymphoma?
What is the typical immunophenotype of Mantle Cell Lymphoma?
What is a key difference between plasma cells in Multiple Myeloma and normal plasma cells?
What is a key difference between plasma cells in Multiple Myeloma and normal plasma cells?
Flashcards
Reactive Lymphadenitis
Reactive Lymphadenitis
Follicular hyperplasia, paracortical expansion, or sinus histiocytosis in lymph nodes.
Reactive Leukocytosis
Reactive Leukocytosis
Elevated normal-appearing white cells, no blasts or dysplasia.
Lymphoma
Lymphoma
Monoclonal lymphoid proliferation with architectural effacement of the lymph node.
Leukemia
Leukemia
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Lymphangitis
Lymphangitis
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Hodgkin Lymphoma
Hodgkin Lymphoma
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Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL)
Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL)
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Follicular Lymphoma
Follicular Lymphoma
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Burkitt Lymphoma
Burkitt Lymphoma
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Diffuse Large B-cell Lymphoma (DLBCL)
Diffuse Large B-cell Lymphoma (DLBCL)
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Multiple Myeloma
Multiple Myeloma
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Study Notes
- Study notes on key histological and morphological features for identifying various hematologic and lymphatic conditions
Reactive Lymphadenitis
- Key histologic clue: Follicular hyperplasia, paracortical expansion, or sinus histiocytosis in lymph nodes.
Reactive Leukocytosis
- Blood smear findings: Elevated normal-appearing white cells, without blasts or dysplasia.
Lymphoma
- Defined by: Monoclonal lymphoid proliferation with architectural effacement of the lymph node.
Leukemia
- Key morphological feature: Bone marrow hypercellularity with blasts and abnormal cells in peripheral blood.
Lymphangitis
- Histological findings: Neutrophilic infiltration of lymphatic vessels.
Hodgkin Lymphoma
- Histological hallmark: Reed-Sternberg cells with “owl’s eye” nuclei in a mixed inflammatory background.
Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL)
- Key features of ALL cells: Lymphoblasts with high nuclear-to-cytoplasmic ratio, fine chromatin, and TdT positivity.
Follicular Lymphoma
- Diagnostic morphology: Nodular lymph node pattern with centrocytes and centroblasts; BCL2+.
Burkitt Lymphoma
- “Starry-sky” appearance due to: Tingible-body macrophages among sheets of uniform tumor cells.
Diffuse Large B-cell Lymphoma (DLBCL)
- Identification: Large lymphoid cells with vesicular nuclei and prominent nucleoli.
Multiple Myeloma
- Typical features: Sheets of plasma cells with clock-face chromatin and perinuclear halos seen on smear or marrow.
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