12 Questions
Apa rumus umum untuk alkan?
CnH2n+2
Apa sifat alkan yang membuatnya tidak larut dalam air?
Non-polar
Apa reaksi yang terjadi pada alkan dengan halogen?
Substitusi
Apa nama yang diberikan untuk alkana dengan 4 atom karbon?
Butan
Apa kegunaan alkan dalam industri?
Semua di atas
Apa sifat alkan yang membuatnya resisten terhadap oksidasi?
Non-reaktif
Apa tujuan utama penggunaan asam basa dalam berkomunikasi?
Untuk menunjukkan kesopanan dan hormat
Siapa saja yang biasanya menggunakan asam basa?
Semua orang
Apa ciri khas dari asam basa?
Penggunaan bahasa formal dan hormat
Contoh penggunaan asam basa adalah?
Menggunakan kata 'anda' atau 'Bapak/Ibu' untuk berbicara dengan orang tua
Apakah pentingnya asam basa dalam budaya Indonesia?
Penting untuk membangun hubungan sosial
Apa yang biasanya dihindari dalam penggunaan asam basa?
Menggunakan imperatif
Study Notes
Alkanes
Definition
Alkanes are a type of hydrocarbon that contain only single bonds between carbon atoms.
General Formula
The general formula for alkanes is CnH2n+2, where n is the number of carbon atoms.
Naming Alkanes
Alkanes are named using the IUPAC system, which follows these rules:
- The parent name is determined by the number of carbon atoms in the longest continuous chain.
- Branches are named as substituents and are prefixed to the parent name.
- The prefixes for alkane names are:
- Meth- for 1 carbon
- Eth- for 2 carbons
- Prop- for 3 carbons
- But- for 4 carbons
- And so on...
Physical Properties
- Alkanes are non-polar and non-reactive.
- They have low boiling points, which increase with molecular weight.
- Alkanes are insoluble in water, but soluble in non-polar solvents.
Chemical Properties
- Alkanes are resistant to oxidation and combustion.
- They undergo substitution reactions with halogens.
- Alkanes can undergo isomerization, where the molecular structure changes but the molecular formula remains the same.
Examples
- Methane (CH4)
- Ethane (C2H6)
- Propane (C3H8)
- Butane (C4H10)
Uses
- Alkanes are used as fuels, such as gasoline, diesel, and liquefied petroleum gas (LPG).
- They are used as solvents, such as in dry cleaning and paint thinners.
- Alkanes are used in the production of plastics and other synthetic materials.
Test your knowledge about alkanes, including their definition, general formula, naming rules, physical and chemical properties, examples, and uses.
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