Alkanes: Definition, Properties, and Uses
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Questions and Answers

Apa rumus umum untuk alkan?

  • CnH2n+2 (correct)
  • CnH2n
  • CnHn+1
  • CnHn-1

    • Apa sifat alkan yang membuatnya tidak larut dalam air?

  • Non-polar (correct)
  • Reaktif
  • Polar
  • Oksidatif

    • Apa reaksi yang terjadi pada alkan dengan halogen?

  • Polimerisasi
  • Oksidasi
  • Isomerisasi
  • Substitusi (correct)

    • Apa nama yang diberikan untuk alkana dengan 4 atom karbon?

    <p>Butan</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Apa kegunaan alkan dalam industri?

    <p>Semua di atas</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Apa sifat alkan yang membuatnya resisten terhadap oksidasi?

    <p>Non-reaktif</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Apa tujuan utama penggunaan asam basa dalam berkomunikasi?

    <p>Untuk menunjukkan kesopanan dan hormat</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Siapa saja yang biasanya menggunakan asam basa?

    <p>Semua orang</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Apa ciri khas dari asam basa?

    <p>Penggunaan bahasa formal dan hormat</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Contoh penggunaan asam basa adalah?

    <p>Menggunakan kata 'anda' atau 'Bapak/Ibu' untuk berbicara dengan orang tua</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Apakah pentingnya asam basa dalam budaya Indonesia?

    <p>Penting untuk membangun hubungan sosial</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Apa yang biasanya dihindari dalam penggunaan asam basa?

    <p>Menggunakan imperatif</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Alkanes

    Definition

    Alkanes are a type of hydrocarbon that contain only single bonds between carbon atoms.

    General Formula

    The general formula for alkanes is CnH2n+2, where n is the number of carbon atoms.

    Naming Alkanes

    Alkanes are named using the IUPAC system, which follows these rules:

    • The parent name is determined by the number of carbon atoms in the longest continuous chain.
    • Branches are named as substituents and are prefixed to the parent name.
    • The prefixes for alkane names are:
      • Meth- for 1 carbon
      • Eth- for 2 carbons
      • Prop- for 3 carbons
      • But- for 4 carbons
      • And so on...

    Physical Properties

    • Alkanes are non-polar and non-reactive.
    • They have low boiling points, which increase with molecular weight.
    • Alkanes are insoluble in water, but soluble in non-polar solvents.

    Chemical Properties

    • Alkanes are resistant to oxidation and combustion.
    • They undergo substitution reactions with halogens.
    • Alkanes can undergo isomerization, where the molecular structure changes but the molecular formula remains the same.

    Examples

    • Methane (CH4)
    • Ethane (C2H6)
    • Propane (C3H8)
    • Butane (C4H10)

    Uses

    • Alkanes are used as fuels, such as gasoline, diesel, and liquefied petroleum gas (LPG).
    • They are used as solvents, such as in dry cleaning and paint thinners.
    • Alkanes are used in the production of plastics and other synthetic materials.

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    Test your knowledge about alkanes, including their definition, general formula, naming rules, physical and chemical properties, examples, and uses.

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