Med terms 1
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Questions and Answers

Necrosis

Death of tissue

Hypertrophy

Increase in cell size

Atrophy

Decrease in the size or volume

Normotension

<p>Normal blood pressure reading</p> Signup and view all the answers

Hypertension

<p>Above the normal blood pressure</p> Signup and view all the answers

Hypotension

<p>Below the normal blood pressure</p> Signup and view all the answers

Eupnea

<p>Normal respiratory rate</p> Signup and view all the answers

Tachypnea

<p>Above the normal respiratory rate</p> Signup and view all the answers

Bradypnea

<p>Below the normal respiratory rate</p> Signup and view all the answers

Apnea

<p>Cessation of breathing</p> Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Cellular and Physiological Changes

  • Necrosis: Pathological cell death due to injury, infection, or lack of blood supply, leading to inflammation and tissue damage.
  • Hypertrophy: Increase in cell size and tissue mass, often in response to increased workload, such as in muscle tissue from exercise.
  • Atrophy: Decrease in cell size and tissue mass caused by factors like decreased workload, nutrient supply, or hormonal changes, often resulting in weakened tissue.

Blood Pressure States

  • Normotension: Normal blood pressure range, typically considered to be around 120/80 mmHg, indicating healthy cardiovascular function.
  • Hypertension: Elevated blood pressure, defined as readings consistently above 130/80 mmHg, leading to increased risk of heart disease, stroke, and kidney damage.
  • Hypotension: Abnormally low blood pressure, often below 90/60 mmHg, which can cause fainting, dizziness, and shock if severe.

Respiratory Patterns

  • Eupnea: Normal, unlabored breathing at a rate of 12-20 breaths per minute, indicating effective respiratory function.
  • Tachypnea: Rapid breathing rate exceeding 20 breaths per minute, often a response to anxiety, exercise, or medical conditions.
  • Bradypnea: Slower than normal breathing rate, less than 12 breaths per minute, which can indicate metabolic disorders, drug effects, or neurological issues.
  • Apnea: Temporary cessation of breathing, which can occur during sleep or as a result of medical conditions, leading to decreased oxygen intake.

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