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What is the basis of interferon gamma release assay (IGRA) test systems?
laboratory evaluation of interferon gamma release by activated memory T-cells in response to stimulation with recombinant protein ESAT6 and CFPT10
What type of blood is required for IGRA analysis?
Fresh blood
What is the role of recombinant protein ESAT6 and CFPT10 in IGRA test systems?
Stimulation of activated memory T-cells to release interferon gamma
What is the difference between the ELISPOT and ELISA systems?
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What are the names of the two IGRA test systems mentioned in the text?
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What is the purpose of stimulating peripheral blood mononuclear cells with recombinant proteins ESAT6 and CFPT10 in IGRA test systems?
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How do ELISPOT and ELISA systems differ in their evaluation of interferon gamma?
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What is the significance of the region RD1 in Mycobacterium genome?
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What is the role of incubation in IGRA test systems?
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What is the ultimate goal of international studies that aimed to interpret the mycobacterium genome?
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Study Notes
Interferon-Gamma Release Assays (IGRA) for Tuberculosis Diagnosis
- IGRA tests are developed based on international studies that interpreted the Mycobacterium genome and detected region RD1, specific to Mycobacterium Tuberculosis and Mycobacterium Bovis.
- IGRA tests evaluate the interferon gamma release by activated memory T-cells in response to stimulation with recombinant proteins ESAT6 and CFP10.
- Fresh blood is required for the analysis.
Types of IGRA Test Systems
- System ELISPOT (T-SPOT.TB):
- Isolates peripheral blood mononuclear cells.
- Evaluates the number of stained zones visually or with devices.
- Sensitizes peripheral T-cells, which release interferon gamma after incubation with recombinant protein CFP10 and ESAT6.
- System ELISA (QuantiFERON):
- Quantifies the concentration of interferon gamma in blood plasma using enzyme-linked immunosorbent analysis.
- Evaluates whole blood incubated with recombinant protein CFP10 and ESAT6.
Limitations of IGRA Test Systems
- High cost.
- Requires equipped laboratory and specialists.
- Special strict requirements for biological material preparation, storage conditions, and precise blood processing.
- Requires intravenous manipulation in children.
- Further studies are needed to define their relevance in TB diagnostics.
Interferon-Gamma Release Assays (IGRA) for Tuberculosis Diagnosis
- IGRA tests are developed based on international studies that interpreted the Mycobacterium genome and detected region RD1, specific to Mycobacterium Tuberculosis and Mycobacterium Bovis.
- IGRA tests evaluate the interferon gamma release by activated memory T-cells in response to stimulation with recombinant proteins ESAT6 and CFP10.
- Fresh blood is required for the analysis.
Types of IGRA Test Systems
- System ELISPOT (T-SPOT.TB):
- Isolates peripheral blood mononuclear cells.
- Evaluates the number of stained zones visually or with devices.
- Sensitizes peripheral T-cells, which release interferon gamma after incubation with recombinant protein CFP10 and ESAT6.
- System ELISA (QuantiFERON):
- Quantifies the concentration of interferon gamma in blood plasma using enzyme-linked immunosorbent analysis.
- Evaluates whole blood incubated with recombinant protein CFP10 and ESAT6.
Limitations of IGRA Test Systems
- High cost.
- Requires equipped laboratory and specialists.
- Special strict requirements for biological material preparation, storage conditions, and precise blood processing.
- Requires intravenous manipulation in children.
- Further studies are needed to define their relevance in TB diagnostics.
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Description
This quiz covers the basics of Interferon-Gamma Release Assays (IGRA) for the diagnosis of tuberculosis, including the science behind the tests and types of test systems.
