Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the primary reason for collecting sputum in the morning?
What is the primary reason for collecting sputum in the morning?
- To increase the concentration of micro-organisms (correct)
- To collect a smaller sample
- To make the testing process faster
- To reduce the amount of saliva in the sample
How much sputum is generally required for testing?
How much sputum is generally required for testing?
- 1 or 2 teaspoons (correct)
- 1 teaspoon
- 3 or 4 teaspoons
- 5 or 6 teaspoons
Why should the patient avoid using mouthwash before collecting sputum?
Why should the patient avoid using mouthwash before collecting sputum?
- To increase the volume of the sample
- To reduce the risk of infection
- To avoid killing micro-organisms (correct)
- To prevent bad breath
What is one of the factors examined in a routine urinalysis?
What is one of the factors examined in a routine urinalysis?
What is the purpose of analyzing semen in a laboratory?
What is the purpose of analyzing semen in a laboratory?
What is the purpose of a sensitivity test in a urine culture?
What is the purpose of a sensitivity test in a urine culture?
How should the patient handle the semen specimen after collection?
How should the patient handle the semen specimen after collection?
Why is it essential to collect a clean-catch (midstream) urine specimen for a urine culture?
Why is it essential to collect a clean-catch (midstream) urine specimen for a urine culture?
Why should the patient collect sputum in a sterile container?
Why should the patient collect sputum in a sterile container?
What is the primary reason for collecting a urine specimen in the morning?
What is the primary reason for collecting a urine specimen in the morning?
What should the patient avoid doing before collecting a sputum sample?
What should the patient avoid doing before collecting a sputum sample?
What is a possible indication of a urine infection?
What is a possible indication of a urine infection?
What should the patient do after collecting a semen sample?
What should the patient do after collecting a semen sample?
What is the primary purpose of a timed urine specimen?
What is the primary purpose of a timed urine specimen?
Why is patient education essential for collecting a urine sample?
Why is patient education essential for collecting a urine sample?
What is the purpose of examining the specific gravity of the urine?
What is the purpose of examining the specific gravity of the urine?
What is the normal range of pH for a urine specimen?
What is the normal range of pH for a urine specimen?
What does a specific gravity of 1.005 indicate in a urine sample?
What does a specific gravity of 1.005 indicate in a urine sample?
What is indicated by the presence of hemoglobin in a urine sample?
What is indicated by the presence of hemoglobin in a urine sample?
Which of the following indicates infection in a urine sample?
Which of the following indicates infection in a urine sample?
What is the result of fat metabolism that can be detected in a urine sample?
What is the result of fat metabolism that can be detected in a urine sample?
Why do samples left unrefrigerated for extended periods become more alkaline?
Why do samples left unrefrigerated for extended periods become more alkaline?
What is the primary purpose of a urine reagent test strip?
What is the primary purpose of a urine reagent test strip?
What is the purpose of the fecal occult blood test (FOBT)?
What is the purpose of the fecal occult blood test (FOBT)?
What is the purpose of analyzing the pH level of a urine specimen?
What is the purpose of analyzing the pH level of a urine specimen?
What is the significance of specific gravity in urinalysis?
What is the significance of specific gravity in urinalysis?
What is the purpose of hemoglobin testing in urinalysis?
What is the purpose of hemoglobin testing in urinalysis?
What is a possible indication of a urine infection?
What is a possible indication of a urine infection?
Why is it important to avoid urine in the stool collection container?
Why is it important to avoid urine in the stool collection container?
How should the patient collect a stool specimen for laboratory testing?
How should the patient collect a stool specimen for laboratory testing?
What is the purpose of ketone detection in urinalysis?
What is the purpose of ketone detection in urinalysis?
What should be avoided when performing urine reagent testing?
What should be avoided when performing urine reagent testing?
What should the patient avoid eating before collecting a stool specimen for an FOBT?
What should the patient avoid eating before collecting a stool specimen for an FOBT?
What is the significance of nitrites in urinalysis?
What is the significance of nitrites in urinalysis?
Why should the patient wash their hands thoroughly after collecting a stool specimen?
Why should the patient wash their hands thoroughly after collecting a stool specimen?
Why is it essential to follow the manufacturer's directions when performing urine reagent testing?
Why is it essential to follow the manufacturer's directions when performing urine reagent testing?
What should the patient do with the specimen container after collecting a stool specimen?
What should the patient do with the specimen container after collecting a stool specimen?
Why should the patient not refrigerate a stool specimen undergoing testing for parasites?
Why should the patient not refrigerate a stool specimen undergoing testing for parasites?
What should the patient use to collect small stool specimens on specific cards for an FOBT?
What should the patient use to collect small stool specimens on specific cards for an FOBT?
Why is it important to follow the manufacturer's instructions for collecting stool specimens for an FOBT?
Why is it important to follow the manufacturer's instructions for collecting stool specimens for an FOBT?
Sputum is typically collected in the evening for accurate testing.
Sputum is typically collected in the evening for accurate testing.
Semen specimens are typically analyzed for fertility testing and sterilization procedures.
Semen specimens are typically analyzed for fertility testing and sterilization procedures.
A sputum sample is considered sufficient with a volume of 5 teaspoons.
A sputum sample is considered sufficient with a volume of 5 teaspoons.
The patient should spit saliva into the sputum collection container.
The patient should spit saliva into the sputum collection container.
The semen specimen should be exposed to extreme heat after collection.
The semen specimen should be exposed to extreme heat after collection.
The patient should use mouthwash before collecting a sputum sample.
The patient should use mouthwash before collecting a sputum sample.
A urinalysis can be requested at any time of the day.
A urinalysis can be requested at any time of the day.
The clean-catch method is not suitable for patients who are able to understand instructions for depositing a urine sample into a sterile container.
The clean-catch method is not suitable for patients who are able to understand instructions for depositing a urine sample into a sterile container.
A timed urine specimen is required for a urine culture.
A timed urine specimen is required for a urine culture.
Sputum collection is typically done in the evening.
Sputum collection is typically done in the evening.
Semen specimens are typically collected at home.
Semen specimens are typically collected at home.
A stool specimen can be refrigerated before testing for parasites.
A stool specimen can be refrigerated before testing for parasites.
A urine pH of 7.5 is considered acidic.
A urine pH of 7.5 is considered acidic.
A specific gravity of 1.005 indicates concentrated urine.
A specific gravity of 1.005 indicates concentrated urine.
The presence of bilirubin in urine can indicate kidney disease.
The presence of bilirubin in urine can indicate kidney disease.
The primary purpose of a fecal occult blood test (FOBT) is to detect viruses in the stool.
The primary purpose of a fecal occult blood test (FOBT) is to detect viruses in the stool.
Ketones in urine can indicate diabetes mellitus, starvation, or vomiting.
Ketones in urine can indicate diabetes mellitus, starvation, or vomiting.
Urine reagent test strips can confirm the presence of a specific disease.
Urine reagent test strips can confirm the presence of a specific disease.
Protein in urine can indicate inflammation or kidney disease.
Protein in urine can indicate inflammation or kidney disease.
A urine specimen with a pH of 5.5 is considered normal.
A urine specimen with a pH of 5.5 is considered normal.
Flashcards are hidden until you start studying
Study Notes
Sputum Collection
- Sputum is material coughed from the lungs, often tested for respiratory infections (tuberculosis, pneumonia)
- Collect sputum in the morning, before eating or drinking, as it is more concentrated
- Provide a sterile sputum container and instruct the patient to:
- Take a deep breath, cough forcefully and deeply, and expectorate into the container
- Not spit saliva into the container
- Collect 1-2 teaspoons of sputum
- Close the lid, clean the outside, label, and deliver the specimen to the lab as soon as possible
Semen Collection
- Laboratory technicians analyze semen for fertility testing, assessing effectiveness of sterilization procedures, or in criminal investigations
- Provide a clean and chemical-free collection container
- Instruct the patient to:
- Ejaculate and deposit semen into the container
- Secure the lid and label
- Write the date and time of collection
- Protect the specimen from extreme temperatures
Non-Blood Specimen Collection
- Common non-blood specimens include urine, stool, sputum, and semen
- Physicians and nurses are responsible for collecting other types of specimens (cerebrospinal fluid, amniotic fluid, material from a wound)
Urine Collection
- Urinalysis is an examination of a patient's urine for various factors, including appearance, color, odor, pH, specific gravity, and presence of components
- Collect urine specimens upon waking in the morning, or as instructed
- Instruct the patient to:
- Collect a clean-catch (midstream) specimen or obtain from a catheter
- Use a sterile container
- Follow written instructions for timed urine specimens
Urine Reagent Testing
- Urine reagent testing is a point-of-care test using reagent strips to identify various components
- Wear clean gloves and dip the reagent strip into the urine sample
- Document results by observing color changes on the strip at designated intervals
Stool Collection
- The most common point-of-care test on stool is the fecal occult blood test (FOBT), which identifies the presence of blood in the stool
- Instruct the patient to:
- Collect stool specimens in a sterile container
- Avoid getting urine in the container
- Secure the lid tightly and wash hands thoroughly
- Refrigerate or return the specimen to the laboratory immediately (depending on the test)
Fecal Occult Blood Test (FOBT)
- Kit contains cards, instructions, and a mailing envelope
- Patient should:
- Collect small stool specimens on specific cards
- Avoid certain foods and medications for 3 days before collection
- Follow the manufacturer's instructions
Sputum
- Sputum is material coughed from the lungs, typically tested to confirm respiratory infections or determine treatment effectiveness.
- Collect sputum in a sterile container in the morning, before eating or drinking, for most accurate results.
- Patients should take a deep breath, cough forcefully, and expectorate into the container, avoiding saliva.
- A sufficient amount of sputum is generally 1 or 2 teaspoons.
Semen
- Semen is analyzed in fertility testing, assessing sterilization procedures, or in criminal investigations.
- Pre-testing instructions may include abstaining from sexual activity or alcohol for several days before collection.
- Provide a clean, chemical-free container for the patient to ejaculate into, secure the lid, and label correctly.
- Patients should protect the specimen from extreme temperatures and deliver it to the lab promptly.
Non-Blood Specimen Collection
- Patient instructions are crucial for collecting non-blood specimens like urine, stool, sputum, and semen.
- Nurses are responsible for collecting urine specimens for urinalysis through a urinary catheter.
Urine
- A routine urinalysis examines urine appearance, color, odor, pH, specific gravity, and presence of various components like protein, glucose, and hemoglobin.
- Urine specimens can be collected at random or at a specific time, such as upon waking or after fasting.
- The clean-catch (midstream) method is suitable for patients who can understand instructions.
- pH range for a urine specimen is between 5.0 and 8.0, with 5.0-8.0 being the normal range.
- Specific gravity measures urine concentration, with a normal range of 1.003 to 1.030.
- Abnormal test results can indicate infection, dehydration, bleeding, liver disease, kidney disease, diabetes, and more.
Stool
- The fecal occult blood test (FOBT) identifies blood in the stool, aiding in diagnosing gastrointestinal lesions and colorectal cancer.
- Stool specimens are also tested for bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites.
Studying That Suits You
Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.
