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Questions and Answers
Which of the following is a function of water in the body?
Which mineral is involved in nerve transmission and muscle function?
What is the primary function of hormones in the body?
Which of the following is a function of proteins in the body?
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What is the primary function of carbohydrates in the body?
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What is the primary function of vitamins in the body?
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Which macromolecule plays a crucial role in both catalyzing reactions and regulating metabolic processes?
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What is the primary function of thyroxine in the body?
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Which of the following molecules is involved in both protein synthesis and gene expression regulation?
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What is the primary function of phospholipids in the body?
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Which of the following vitamins is essential for calcium absorption?
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Study Notes
Water
- Acts as a solvent for biochemical reactions
- Helps regulate body temperature
- Serves as a transport medium for nutrients and waste
Minerals
- Calcium and phosphorus are essential for bone structure
- Sodium and potassium are crucial for nerve transmission and muscle function
- Magnesium acts as a cofactor in enzymatic reactions
Gases
- Oxygen is essential for cellular respiration and energy production
- Carbon dioxide is a metabolic byproduct that must be expelled
- Nitrogen is involved in protein and nucleic acid synthesis
Hormones
- Insulin regulates blood glucose levels
- Cortisol manages stress responses
- Thyroxine controls metabolism
- Estrogen regulates reproductive functions
Proteins
- Act as enzymes for catalysis
- Function as antibodies for defense
- Transport molecules (e.g., hemoglobin)
- Provide structure (e.g., collagen, keratin)
- Act as hormones for regulation
Lipids
- Phospholipids are components of cell membranes
- Triglycerides are used for energy storage
- Cholesterol is involved in membrane fluidity and is a precursor to steroid hormones
Nucleic Acids
- DNA stores genetic information
- RNA is involved in protein synthesis and gene expression regulation
Carbohydrates
- Glucose is the primary energy source
- Glycogen is used for energy storage
Vitamins
- Regulate metabolic processes
- Have specific roles, such as vitamin D for calcium absorption, vitamin C for collagen synthesis, and vitamin A for vision
Water
- Acts as a solvent for biochemical reactions
- Helps regulate body temperature
- Serves as a transport medium for nutrients and waste
Minerals
- Calcium and phosphorus are essential for bone structure
- Sodium and potassium are crucial for nerve transmission and muscle function
- Magnesium acts as a cofactor in enzymatic reactions
Gases
- Oxygen is essential for cellular respiration and energy production
- Carbon dioxide is a metabolic byproduct that must be expelled
- Nitrogen is involved in protein and nucleic acid synthesis
Hormones
- Insulin regulates blood glucose levels
- Cortisol manages stress responses
- Thyroxine controls metabolism
- Estrogen regulates reproductive functions
Proteins
- Act as enzymes for catalysis
- Function as antibodies for defense
- Transport molecules (e.g., hemoglobin)
- Provide structure (e.g., collagen, keratin)
- Act as hormones for regulation
Lipids
- Phospholipids are components of cell membranes
- Triglycerides are used for energy storage
- Cholesterol is involved in membrane fluidity and is a precursor to steroid hormones
Nucleic Acids
- DNA stores genetic information
- RNA is involved in protein synthesis and gene expression regulation
Carbohydrates
- Glucose is the primary energy source
- Glycogen is used for energy storage
Vitamins
- Regulate metabolic processes
- Have specific roles, such as vitamin D for calcium absorption, vitamin C for collagen synthesis, and vitamin A for vision
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Description
Explore the roles of water, minerals, and gases in the human body, including their functions in biochemical reactions, body temperature regulation, and cellular respiration.
