Computer Basics Quiz
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Questions and Answers

Jakich ogólnych procesów rozwojowych jest to przykład, gdy osoba poznała nuty, ćwiczy akordy, różne linie melodyczne i wystąpiła na pokazie prezentując utwór?

  • różnicowania, porządkowania i integrowania jakościowych zmian rozwojowych (correct)
  • dobrego środowiska wychowawczego
  • indywidualizacji rozwoju
  • pogłębiających się zmian ilościowych

    • Na ile faz dzieli się okres prenatalny?

  • 4 fazy
  • 3 fazy (correct)
  • nie stosuje się takiego podziału
  • 2 fazy

    • Odruchy: Moro, Babińskiego, źrenicowy, szukania, marszu automatycznego to odruchy:

  • wrodzone (correct)
  • obecne tylko u dzieci starszych
  • patologiczne
  • wspólne wszystkich ludzi

    • Który z przedłużających się w czasie statusów tożsamościowych sprzyja rozwojowi uzależnień?

    <p>tożsamość moratoryjna</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Która z teorii rozwoju psychicznego NIE jest koncepcją stadialną?

    <p>Marca Lalonda</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Myślenie animistyczne polega na:

    <p>tendencji do przypisywania świadomości przedmiotom martwym</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Jaka rozwojowa cecha myślenia charakteryzuje tego nastolatka?

    <p>myślenie postformalne</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Doświadczenia wymagające pokonania konfliktu dążeń w wielu sferach aktywności nazywane są w psychologii rozwoju:

    <p>kryzysem tożsamości</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Wskaż na ten wskaźnik dorosłości, który NIE ma charakteru obiektywnego:

    <p>pozarodzinne miejsce zamieszkania</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Stymulacja polegająca na rozmowie z dzieckiem zanim zacznie rozumieć mowę jest przykładem:

    <p>w sferze najbliższego rozwoju dziecka</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Co prawdopodobnie w NAJMNIEJSZYM stopniu było motywacją dla Artura do zrobienia sobie tatuażu?

    <p>zainteresowanie kulturą maoryską</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Zgodnie z teorią rozwoju psychospołecznego E.Eriksona, w okresie niemowlęcym, pomyślne rozwiązanie konfliktu polega na:

    <p>osiągnięciu zaufania do matki lub osoby sprawującej opiekę</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Zdolność dziecka do rozumienia pojedynczych słów pojawia się około 9, 10 miesiąca życia. Określa się ją mianem:

    <p>holofrazowania</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Zdolność do myślenia abstrakcyjnego dziecko uzyskuje, zgodnie z teorią J.Piageta, w stadium:

    <p>operacji formalnych</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Zabawy równoległe, typowe dla dzieci 3-4 letnich, polegają na tym, że:

    <p>dzieci bawią się obok siebie, ale nie ze sobą</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Współczesna psychologia rozwoju człowieka jest psychologią:

    <p>biegu życia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Wkładanie do ust przez dziecko każdego przedmiotu, wykonywanie z każdym z nich podobnych czynności jest przejawem występującej w 1 roku życia:

    <p>manipulacji specyficznej</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Podstawą wystąpienia u dziecka lęku separacyjnego jest wcześniejsze wykształcenie się:

    <p>przywiązania ukształtanego ze względu na cel</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Here are the study notes for the provided text:

    • Developmental Psychology*
    • Theories of Development:
      • Erikson's Theory: 8 stages of psychosocial development from infancy to old age
      • Piaget's Theory: 4 stages of cognitive development (sensorimotor, preoperational, concrete operational, formal operational)
    • Stages of Development:
      • Infancy (0-1 year):
        • Development of trust vs. mistrust (Erikson)
        • Sensorimotor stage (Piaget)
      • Toddlerhood (1-3 years):
        • Autonomy vs. shame and doubt (Erikson)
        • Beginning of language development
      • Preschool Age (4-6 years):
        • Initiative vs. guilt (Erikson)
        • Preoperational stage (Piaget)
      • School Age (7-12 years):
        • Industry vs. inferiority (Erikson)
        • Concrete operational stage (Piaget)
      • Adolescence (13-19 years):
        • Identity vs. role confusion (Erikson)
        • Formal operational stage (Piaget)
    • Cognitive Development:
      • Schemas: mental frameworks that help organize and make sense of the world
      • **### Child Development
    • According to Piaget, a child's understanding of rules as agreements and conventions established and maintained through negotiations among members of a society develops around the age of 7.
    • Between 2-3 years old, a child is in the period of early childhood.

    Intelligence and Cognitive Development

    • According to Piaget, children can anticipate the future and think about the past during the formal operational stage of intelligence development.
    • Negative parenting attitude characterized by dominance and emotional distance is called rejecting.
    • Animistic thinking is the tendency to attribute human-like qualities to inanimate objects.

    Moral Development

    • According to Kohlberg, moral development involves understanding the principles and conventions that govern human behavior.
    • Post-conventional morality involves making moral decisions based on individual principles and values.

    Social and Emotional Development

    • Interiorization of thought refers to the ability to think logically and make decisions independently.
    • Emotional development involves learning to regulate one's emotions and develop empathy for others.
    • Social development involves learning to interact with others, developing relationships, and understanding social norms and conventions.

    Human Development Theories

    • Erikson's psychosocial theory of development proposes that individuals go through eight stages of development, each characterized by a unique conflict or crisis.
    • Levinson's seasons of life theory proposes that adults go through four eras of development, each characterized by distinct themes and challenges.

    Research Methods

    • Longitudinal research involves studying a group of individuals over a long period of time to track changes and developments.
    • Cross-sectional research involves studying individuals of different ages at a single point in time to compare differences and similarities.

    Other Topics

    • Imprinting refers to the process by which young animals form attachments to caregivers.
    • Moratorium refers to a period of exploration and experimentation during adolescence, characterized by a delay in commitment to a particular identity or role.
    • Generativity refers to the concern for the next generation and the desire to leave a positive legacy.

    Zofia Dołęga - Test 01

    Development Psychology

    • According to E. Erikson's psychosocial development theory, a positive outcome in infancy is based on trust in the mother or caregiver.
    • A child's ability to understand single words emerges around 9-10 months of age, known as receptive language.
    • According to J. Piaget's theory, children develop abstract thinking in the formal operations stage.
    • Parallel play, typical for 3-4-year-olds, involves playing alongside each other without interaction.

    Developmental Stages

    • Multifinality refers to the concept that different outcomes in adulthood can result from the same childhood experiences.
    • Stages of development involve changes in cognitive processes and structures, affecting overall psychological functioning.

    Social Development

    • Theory of Mind is the ability to understand internal causes of others' behavior, acknowledge differences in thoughts and feelings, and take alternative perspectives.
    • Social cognitive theory emphasizes the role of cognitive processes in social behavior.

    Language Development

    • Language development typically completes by around 6 years of age.
    • Linguistic incompetence refers to speech and language difficulties in children.

    Moral Development

    • According to J. Piaget, moral development progresses from heteronomy (obedience to external rules) to autonomy (self-governed moral principles).
    • Kohlberg's moral development theory proposes three levels of moral development: pre-conventional, conventional, and post-conventional.

    Zofia Dołęga - Test 02

    Cognitive Development

    • Reversibility of thought (ability to reverse the direction of a thought process) is achieved by around 6-7 years of age.
    • Formal operational thinking is characterized by the ability to reason abstractly and consider multiple perspectives.

    Moral Development

    • Moral development involves the ability to acknowledge conflicts between values, make choices, and take responsibility.

    Developmental Psychology

    • Developmental tasks are age-specific challenges that individuals must accomplish to successfully transition to the next stage.
    • Physical development involves changes in body size, shape, and proportions.

    Human Development

    • Prenatal development follows the cephalocaudal principle (head-to-toe development).
    • Epigenetic theory proposes that environmental factors influence gene expression.

    Please note that these study notes are based on the provided text and might not be a comprehensive summary of the topics.Here are the study notes based on the provided text:

    Question 1

    • According to J. Bowlby's attachment theory, a strong attachment between a mother and her child is formed between:
      • 7 months and 2.5 years of life

    Question 2

    • Children develop the ability to cooperate in a group at the:
      • Preschool age

    Question 3

    • Parallel play, where children play alongside each other without interacting, is a type of play that occurs at:
      • Preschool age

    Question 4

    • The concept of equifinality suggests that:
      • The same outcome can be achieved through different means

    Question 5

    • In the process of automatization, children develop:
      • Habitual movements (praxias)

    Question 6

    • The period of development that psychology focuses on is:

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