Evolution of Antisnake Defenses in California Ground Squirrels

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What is the purpose of warning calls towards snakes in primate groups?

To warn the group and allow the safety of relatives for successful reproduction.

Explain the kin selection hypothesis in relation to warning calls towards snakes.

The kin selection hypothesis suggests that warning calls are favored to protect relatives, aiding in successful reproduction.

What is the competing hypothesis for the resistance to snakes in hominins?

Genetic drift

Why is genetic drift considered effective in maintaining traits in small groups of early hominins?

Genetic drift is most effective in small groups where it can maintain traits through chance rather than selection pressures. Signup and view all the answers

What evidence supports a deeper coevolutionary history between snakes and primates?

Consilience of evidence Signup and view all the answers

What is the suggested foundation for conducting further research on the evolutionary hypothesis discussed?

The hypotheses proposed in the study Signup and view all the answers

What is the title of the study focused on the development of antisnake defenses in California ground squirrels?

Development of antisnake defenses in California ground squirrels (Spermophilus beecheyi): II. Microevolutionary effects of relaxed selection from rattlesnakes Signup and view all the answers

Which article discusses the control of acetylcholine receptors in skeletal muscle?

Fambrough DM. Control of acetylcholine receptors in skeletal muscle. Physiological Reviews. 1979;59(1):165–227 Signup and view all the answers

What is the focus of the article by Nirthanan S and Gwee MC?

Functional architecture of the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor Signup and view all the answers

Which group of snakes' evolutionary interpretations of nicotinic acetylcholine receptor targeting venom effects is discussed in a 2020 article?

Clade of Asian Viperidae snakes Signup and view all the answers

What is the common theme in the article by Barber CM, Isbister GK, and Hodgson WC?

Alpha neurotoxins Signup and view all the answers

Which article discusses neuronal nicotinic receptors from structure to pathology?

Gotti C, Clementi F. Neuronal nicotinic receptors: from structure to pathology. Progress in Neurobiology. 2004;74(6):363–96 Signup and view all the answers

What type of resistance is exhibited by the Sunda slow loris against α-neurotoxins?

N-glycosylation motif Signup and view all the answers

Why is it unlikely that the N-glycosylation motif in slow lorises evolved for autoresistance?

Due to the extreme cytotoxicity of their venom and lack of neurotoxic symptoms Signup and view all the answers

What coincides with the greater increase in resistance within hominins?

Obligate bipedalism and terrestriality Signup and view all the answers

Why were foraging and traveling hominins likely to come into contact more often with neurotoxic elapid snakes such as cobras?

Due to their movement into more open habitats Signup and view all the answers

What has been associated with the coevolution between Lorisiformes and Tarsiiformes with snakes?

High orbital convergence Signup and view all the answers

What is a common characteristic of Lorisiformes and Tarsiiformes that contributes to their resistance against large venomous snakes?

Relatively small size Signup and view all the answers

What is the title of the article published in the International Journal of Molecular Sciences in 2020?

Assessing the binding of venoms from aquatic elapids to the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor orthosteric site of different prey models. Signup and view all the answers

Which snake species does the venom study from 2013 focus on?

Green Vinesnake (Oxybelis fulgidus) Signup and view all the answers

In which journal was the study on the venom of the Brown Treesnake published in 2006?

Toxicon Signup and view all the answers

What is the main focus of the article published in 2019 in Toxins?

Measuring ligand binding to nicotinic acetylcholine receptors. Signup and view all the answers

What is the topic of the article authored by Barchan D, Ovadia M, Kochva E, and Fuchs S?

The binding site of the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor in animal species resistant to alpha-bungarotoxin. Signup and view all the answers

Which study focuses on detecting prey-selective binding of α-neurotoxins in the venom of Afro-Asian elapids?

An appetite for destruction: Detecting prey-selective binding of α-neurotoxins in the venom of Afro-Asian elapids. Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the neurotoxin isolated from a nonvenomous colubrid, suggesting an early origin of venom in snakes?

α-colubritoxin Signup and view all the answers

Which snake species does Denmotoxin, a three-finger toxin, originate from?

Boiga dendrophila Signup and view all the answers

What is the specific activity of Denmotoxin, the three-finger toxin from Boiga dendrophila?

bird-specific activity Signup and view all the answers

In the study by Silva et al. in 2018, what was the focus regarding paralysis due to snake envenoming in humans?

Defining the role of post-synaptic α-neurotoxins Signup and view all the answers

Which study discussed the structural determinants for α-neurotoxin sensitivity in muscle nAChR and their implications for the gating mechanism?

Dellisanti et al. in 2007 Signup and view all the answers

In the study by Harris et al. in 2021, which journal was the publication featured in?

BMC Biology Signup and view all the answers