Blood

<p>Serum</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Ions, nutrient molecules, and proteins</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Transportation of signals</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>98-99%</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Production of anti-sera containing antibodies</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Red bone marrow</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Red blood cells = Transport of materials White blood cells = Immune component Platelets = Blood clotting Plasma proteins = Osmotic regulation</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Ions = Essential for various bodily functions Nutrient molecules = Provide energy for the body Waste products = Removed from the body through excretion Proteins = Involved in blood clotting and transport</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Red blood cells = Red bone marrow White blood cells = Lymphoid organs Platelets = Spleen Plasma proteins = Liver</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Plasma = 55% of the total blood volume Red blood cells = 45% of the total blood volume White blood cells = 1% of the total blood volume Platelets = 0.5% of the total blood volume</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Protein carrier molecules = Bind to hormones for transport Hormones = Regulate various bodily functions Nutrient molecules = Provide energy for hormone production Waste products = Removed from the body through excretion</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Plasma = Primarily composed of water Red blood cells = Primarily composed of hemoglobin White blood cells = Primarily composed of proteins Platelets = Primarily composed of lipids</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Clotting factors = Removed from the plasma to produce serum Nutrient molecules = Removed from the plasma to produce serum Hormones = Present in serum, sometimes bound to protein carrier molecules Waste products = Removed from the body through excretion</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>White blood cells = Primary immune component Red blood cells = Involved in the transport of immune cells Platelets = Involved in the clotting of wounds Plasma proteins = Involved in the production of antibodies</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Hormones = Regulate various bodily functions Plasma proteins = Involved in osmotic regulation Red blood cells = Involved in the transport of oxygen White blood cells = Involved in the immune response</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To engulf and destroy pathogens using lysosomes</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Eosinophils</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To release antibodies to provide a targeted response to specific pathogens</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To stop blood loss and promote hemostasis</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Leukocytes</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They decrease histamine release and alleviate allergy symptoms</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To destroy virus-infected cells and cancer cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To form a blood clot and prevent bleeding</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To form fibrin</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To produce clotting factors</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To dissolve clots</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To facilitate the clotting process</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To prevent blood clotting at the site of insertion</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Blood loss is prevented</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They inhibit platelet reaction and clotting factors</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Thrombin = Forms fibrin from fibrinogen Fibrin = Reinforces the platelet plug Vitamin K = Necessary for producing clotting factors Plasmin = Dissolves clots after healing</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Platelets = Aggregating to form a platelet plug Clotting factors = Producing fibrin to reinforce the platelet plug Vitamin K = Producing clotting factors Calcium = Required for the clotting process</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Hemostasis = The process of stopping blood loss Clotting factors = Substances that form fibrin for clotting Anticoagulants = Substances that prevent blood clotting Heparin = A substance used to prevent clotting in IV needles</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Clotting factors = Producing fibrin for clotting Platelets = Forming a platelet plug to stop bleeding Fibrin = Forming a mesh to trap red blood cells Plasmin = Dissolving clots after healing</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Anticoagulants = Preventing blood clotting Vitamin K = Enhancing blood clotting Heparin = Preventing blood clotting in IV needles Aspirin = Preventing blood clotting</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Platelets = Forming a temporary plug to stop bleeding Fibrin = Forming a mesh to trap red blood cells Thrombin = Converting fibrinogen to fibrin Calcium = Enhancing the clotting process</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Blood clotting = The process of forming a blood clot Hemostasis = The process of stopping blood loss Fibrin mesh = A net that traps red blood cells Platelet plug = A temporary plug that stops bleeding</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Platelets = Forming a platelet plug to stop bleeding Clotting factors = Producing fibrin for clotting Fibrin = Forming a mesh to trap red blood cells Plasmin = Dissolving clots after healing</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Neutrophils = Fight viruses and cancer cells Eosinophils = Engulf pathogens, such as bacteria and viruses, and destroy them using lysosomes or cellular stomach Basophils = Fight parasites, attacking them chemically from the outside Lymphocytes = Release histamine and are involved in allergies and the inflammation response</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Monocytes = Most abundant type of white blood cell in the blood Neutrophils = Mature into macrophages when they leave the blood Eosinophils = Specialized to fight parasites Basophils = Release antibodies to provide a targeted response to specific strains of bacteria, viruses, and other pathogens</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Monocytes = Release histamine and are involved in allergies and the inflammation response Neutrophils = Engulf pathogens, such as bacteria and viruses, and destroy them using lysosomes or cellular stomach Eosinophils = Attack parasites chemically from the outside Lymphocytes = Provide a targeted response to specific strains of bacteria, viruses, and other pathogens</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>B cells = Destroy virus-infected cells and cancer cells T cells = Release antibodies to provide a targeted response to specific strains of bacteria, viruses, and other pathogens Neutrophils = Engulf pathogens, such as bacteria and viruses, and destroy them using lysosomes or cellular stomach Eosinophils = Fight parasites, attacking them chemically from the outside</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Platelets = Involved in the process of hemostasis, or stopping blood loss White blood cells = Involved in the immune response, fighting infections Antihistamines = Reduce histamine release and alleviate allergy and inflammation symptoms Lymphocytes = Part of the blood's formed elements</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Platelets = Involved in the immune response, fighting infections White blood cells = Involved in the process of hemostasis, or stopping blood loss Lymphocytes = A type of leukocyte Basophils = Involved in the process of hemostasis, or stopping blood loss</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Iron deficiency anemia</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To diagnose anemia and other blood disorders</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Blood electrolytes, glucose levels, and kidney function</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Bi-concave disc</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Hemoglobin, made up of four subunits</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Creatine kinase and troponin levels</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A hematocrit test</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Erythropoietin (EPO)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>HDL and LDL cholesterol levels</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Jaundice</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Four</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>In some cases</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Urinalysis</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>120 days</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Polycythemia</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Bi-concave disc shape = Allowing for more surface area and diffusion of oxygen in and out of the cells Lack of nucleus = Leaving more space for hemoglobin Hemoglobin = Composed of four subunits, each consisting of a globin protein portion and a heme pigment containing an iron ion Mitochondria = Relying on lactic acid fermentation or anaerobic respiration</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Polycythemia = A condition where there are too many red blood cells Erythropoietin (EPO) = A hormone released by the kidney in response to low oxygen levels Jaundice = A condition characterized by yellow skin and eyes due to the buildup of bilirubin Anaerobic respiration = A type of respiration used by red blood cells in the absence of oxygen</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Globin protein portion = Part of the oxygen-carrying molecule within red blood cells Heme pigment = Contains an iron ion that binds to oxygen Iron ion = Binds to oxygen in the heme pigment Hemoglobin molecule = Can carry up to four oxygen molecules</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Lactic acid fermentation = A type of respiration used by red blood cells in the absence of oxygen Erythropoiesis = The process of producing red blood cells in the bone marrow Breakdown of red blood cells = Occurs in the liver and spleen after a lifespan of around 120 days Recycling of hemoglobin = Occurs after the breakdown of red blood cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Red blood cells = Responsible for transporting oxygen Hemoglobin = The oxygen-carrying molecule within red blood cells Erythropoietin (EPO) = Stimulates the production of red blood cells in the bone marrow Bilirubin = A yellow pigment that can build up in the body, causing jaundice</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Polycythemia = A condition where there are too many red blood cells Anemia = A condition characterized by a lack of RBC Jaundice = A condition characterized by yellow skin and eyes due to the buildup of bilirubin Red blood cell deficiency = A condition characterized by a lack of red blood cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Iron deficiency anemia = Lack of iron in the diet Pernicious anemia = Vitamin B12 deficiency Aplastic anemia = Bone marrow destruction Hemolytic anemia = Abnormal breakdown of red blood cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Red blood cells = Carry oxygen to the body's tissues White blood cells = Fight infection and disease Platelets = Form blood clots and stop bleeding Plasma = Transport proteins, nutrients, and waste products</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Complete Blood Count (CBC) = Diagnosis of anemia and other blood disorders Basic Metabolic Panel (BMP) = Electrolyte levels, glucose levels, and kidney function Blood lipid test = HDL and LDL cholesterol levels Specialized blood test = Protein levels, including creatine kinase and troponin</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Hematocrit test = Diagnosis of anemia Blood lipid test = Assessment of cholesterol levels Urinalysis = Pregnancy testing (alternative to blood tests) Specialized blood test = Measurement of protein levels</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Red blood cells = Contain hemoglobin and carry oxygen White blood cells = Part of the immune system Platelets = Involved in blood clotting Plasma = Makes up approximately 55% of total blood volume</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Anemia = Hematocrit test Pregnancy = Blood test or urinalysis Heart attack = Specialized blood test measuring troponin levels Hemolytic disease = Blood test measuring hemoglobin levels</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Complete Blood Count (CBC) = Diagnosis of anemia and other blood disorders Basic Metabolic Panel (BMP) = Assessment of electrolyte levels and kidney function Blood lipid test = Assessment of cholesterol levels Specialized blood test = Measurement of protein levels and diagnosis of heart attacks</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Red blood cells = Carry oxygen to the body's tissues White blood cells = Fight infection and disease Platelets = Form blood clots and stop bleeding Plasma = Transports hormones and proteins throughout the body</p> Signup and view all the answers