FK-4-Principles of genetic, congenital, and developmental diseases and conditions and their clinical features to understand patient risk-ORAL HEALTH MANAGEMENT

Which oral health concern is most likely to be observed in a pediatric patient diagnosed with cerebral palsy?

A child diagnosed with achondroplasia, a genetic condition affecting bone growth, is most likely to exhibit which type of malocclusion?

Craniosynostosis, characterized by premature fusion of cranial sutures, may affect maxillomandibular development, potentially influencing:

The observation of greenish discoloration on the incisal third of mandibular incisors in a 6-month-old infant may raise suspicion about which aspect of the maternal history?

An enamel defect resulting from the incomplete formation of the enamel matrix is correctly termed:

Agents, including aspirin, valium, and cigarette smoke (hypoxia), capable of inducing developmental abnormalities in utero, are collectively known as:

Which statement accurately describes a key characteristic of enamel hypocalcification?

When considering developmental (or fissural) non-odontogenic cysts, which of the following options is typically included?

Which of the listed non-odontogenic cysts are regarded as congenital in origin?

How should a patient with a genetic predisposition to aggressive periodontitis be optimally managed?

What oral manifestation is commonly observed in children with Down syndrome?

The identification of supernumerary teeth in a patient's dental history is most relevant to:

When managing oral health in patients with cleft lip and palate from infancy through adolescence, a key consideration includes:

A patient with osteogenesis imperfecta, which impairs collagen production, may exhibit which characteristic that impacts restorative dental treatment?

In pediatric dentistry, recognizing variations in the typical tooth eruption sequence is vital as it may reveal underlying developmental concerns, such as:

Upon examining a panoramic radiograph, a dentist notes multiple unerupted teeth in a young patient; this observation might suggest:

When macroglossia is observed, which complication can it likely contribute to in oral health management?

What risk is most increased in patients with certain congenital conditions that negatively affect salivary gland development and function, leading to decreased salivary flow?

What does a patient's report to their dentist of a febrile illness during their mother's pregnancy may signify?

What particular oral conditions that showcase a familial tendency may a dentist be on the lookout for?

A pediatric patient presents with multiple, small, scattered white or brown spots on their permanent incisors. The patient's mother reports frequent high fevers during the first trimester of pregnancy. This presentation is most consistent with:

A 7-year-old patient is diagnosed with cleidocranial dysplasia. Radiographic examination reveals numerous impacted supernumerary teeth, delayed eruption of permanent teeth, and hypoplastic or absent clavicles. Based on these findings, what is the most appropriate initial oral health management strategy?

During a routine oral examination of a 10-year-old patient, a dentist observes a painless, slow-growing, bony hard swelling on the lingual aspect of the mandible in the premolar region. Radiographic examination reveals a well-defined radiopaque mass attached to the bone. The most likely diagnosis is:

A 9-year-old child presents with a chief complaint of a gingival mass between the maxillary central incisors that bleeds easily. Clinical examination reveals a pedunculated, red, easily bleeding lesion arising from the interdental papilla. The teeth are vital and there is no radiographic evidence of bone involvement. Which is the most likely diagnosis?

A 12-year-old patient undergoing orthodontic treatment presents with localized gingival enlargement around the brackets. The gingiva is erythematous, edematous, and bleeds upon probing. The most appropriate initial management of this condition includes:

A 5-year-old patient has a history of recurrent upper respiratory infections and mouth breathing. Clinical examination reveals elongated facial features, anterior open bite, and gingivitis. What is the most likely cause of this patient's malocclusion?

A 6-year-old patient presents with premature loss of the mandibular primary second molar due to extensive caries. Which of the following space maintainers is most appropriate in this situation?

A 4-year-old child presents with severe early childhood caries (S-ECC). The maxillary incisors are severely decayed with pulpal involvement, and the primary molars have multiple cavitated lesions. Extraction of the maxillary incisors is deemed necessary. What is the most appropriate space maintenance strategy for this patient?

A 7-year-old patient fractured his maxillary central incisor during a fall. Clinical and radiographic examination reveals a complicated crown fracture with pulp exposure. What is the most appropriate treatment?

During a sports-related injury, an 8-year-old patient avulses a permanent maxillary central incisor. The tooth is recovered immediately, rinsed with saline, and the patient is brought to the dental office within 30 minutes. What is the most appropriate immediate management?

A 13-year-old female patient presents with generalized enamel erosion, particularly on the palatal surfaces of the maxillary teeth. The patient reports frequent episodes of self-induced vomiting due to concerns about body weight. The most likely diagnosis is:

A 15-year-old patient with type 1 diabetes presents with gingival inflammation, deep periodontal pockets, and radiographic evidence of bone loss around multiple teeth. The patient reports difficulty maintaining consistent blood sugar levels. The most likely diagnosis is:

A 4-year-old child has multiple carious lesions on the primary molars and incisors, poor oral hygiene and high sugar consumption. The most appropriate intervention to address this patient's caries risk includes:

During a follow-up appointment, a 10-year-old patient exhibits poor compliance with oral hygiene instructions despite multiple attempts at education. The patient's parent reports difficulties managing the child's behavior at home. Which intervention is most appropriate?

A 14-year-old patient undergoing orthodontic treatment has difficulty maintaining adequate oral hygiene, resulting in generalized gingivitis and localized gingival enlargement around the orthodontic brackets. The patient has limited dexterity due to cerebral palsy. Which would be most effective?

A dentist notes enamel defects, including areas of hypoplasia on the permanent incisors and molars of an 8-year-old. This condition is MOST likely related to: