18 Questions
What is the main component of chromatin?
DNA
How long is the thread of DNA present in a single human cell?
Approximately two meters
What is the primary constriction of a chromosome called?
Centromere
What are the disc-shaped structures present on the sides of the centromere called?
Kinetochores
How many types of chromosomes can be classified based on the position of the centromere?
Four types
What type of chromosome has the centromere situated close to its end?
Acrocentric chromosome
What gives the appearance of a small fragment called the satellite on some chromosomes?
Non-staining secondary constrictions
What are microbodies and where are they found?
Membrane-bound minute vesicles containing various enzymes, present in both plant and animal cells.
Describe the components of a typical eukaryotic cell.
Cell membrane, nucleus, and cytoplasm.
What is the function of the endomembrane system in a cell?
Facilitates transport of molecules and coordination of cellular activities.
What is the role of centrosome and centriole in a cell?
Form the basal body of cilia and flagella, facilitating locomotion.
What major role does the nucleus play in a cell?
Controls the activities of organelles and plays a significant role in heredity.
What is the genetic material like in typical bacteria?
Genetic material is basically naked, not enveloped by a nuclear membrane.
What are the small circular DNA molecules found in some bacteria outside the genomic DNA?
PPLO plasmids.
What is the characteristic feature of prokaryotic cells in terms of inclusions?
Prokaryotes have inclusions, such as mesosomes.
Describe the cell envelope structure in most prokaryotic cells.
The cell envelope consists of glycocalyx, cell wall, and plasma membrane.
What is the size of the plasmid DNA found in bacteria outside the genomic DNA?
About 0.1 mm.
What is the function of the mesosomes in prokaryotic cells?
Mesosomes are essentially infoldings of the cell membrane.
Explore topics like kinetochore, types of chromosomes based on the position of centromere, secondary constrictions, satellites, and microbodies containing enzymes in plant and animal cells. Summary of the cell structure and composition is also included.
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