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Hoop Dreams = dir. James, Marx, and Gilbert Exit Through the Gift Shop = Banksy Koyaanisqatsi = Godfrey Reggio Written on the Wind = Douglas Sirk

Safe = Todd Haynes Incendies = Denis Villeneuve In The Mood for Love = Wong Kar-Wai Do The Right Thing = Spike Lee

Children of Men = Alfonso Cuarón Portrait of a Lady on Fire = Céline Sciamma Terminator 2 = James Cameron Dazed and Confused = Richard Linklater

who began his career as a showman and illusionist, and who used the medium to tell fanciful tales featuring considerable amounts of editing and elaborate tricks—i.e., Antirealism = Georges Méliès who made direct, unvarnished films with no editing and little staging about everyday life—i.e., Realism = The Lumière Brothers actualities = Short, unedited nonfiction films, shot from a fixed position, with little to no camera movement, and no narration of any kind most documentaries place an emphasis on rhetorical strategies = Nichols points out

hand in hand in a documentary = distinct perspective emotionally, particular perspective intellectually reportage = clearly and accurately capture events of all kinds advocate = promote or support a position; persuade and convince that one should understand or respond to a situation in a particular way present a compelling narrative = often we see documentaries present stories that seem to exemplify the old adage that the truth can be stranger than fiction

Credible, Convincing, Compelling

Expository = most dominant,show & tell, Typically, disembodied and authoritative Poetic = ex. slow, tint Reflexive = thinking about how documentary is made Observational = acting is normal (unobtrusive camera)

Voice of God narration

Expository = “Emphasizes verbal commentary and an argumentative logic…. This is the mode that most people associate with documentary in general.”—show & tell Participatory = Emphasizes the interaction between filmmaker and subject. Filming takes place by means of interviews or other forms of even more direct involvement from conversations to provocations.”—interviews, conversations, discussions organized by filmmaker Observational = Observational mode: emphasizes a direct engagement with the everyday life of subjects as observed by an unobtrusive camera Poetic = “Emphasizes visual associations, tonal or rhythmic qualities, descriptive passages, and formal organization.”—aesthetic, not informative (or not obviously so), ambiguous, open to interpretation

Reflexive = Calls attention to the assumptions and conventions that govern documentary filmmaking.”—gets audience to think about filmmaking and how/why documentaries are made Performative = Emphasizes the subjective or expressive aspect of the filmmaker’s own involvement with a subject; it strives to heighten the audience’s responsiveness to this involvement.”—putting on airs for the camera, especially when the filmmaker/s do so for their own film avant-garde film = often tied to manifestos collage = involves mixing together various elements from different sources or media to create a new effect.