L26 - MCQ - Acetylcholine and Amino Acids
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Questions and Answers

Which compound is an agonist of the nicotinic ACh receptor?

  • Nicotine (correct)
  • Acetylcholine
  • Muscarine
  • α-bungarotoxin

Which compound is an antagonist of the ACh ionotropic receptor?

  • α-bungarotoxin (correct)
  • Nicotine
  • Acetylcholine
  • Muscarine

Which G protein is activated by M1, M3, and M5 muscarinic ACh receptors?

  • Gq (correct)
  • Go
  • Gs
  • Gi

Which compound is a fungal alkaloid that binds with high affinity to muscarinic ACh receptors?

<p>Muscarine (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which compound inhibits acetylcholinesterase?

<p>Sarin nerve gas (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where is acetylcholinesterase degraded?

<p>In the synaptic cleft (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most important neurotransmitter for normal brain function?

<p>Glutamate (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which ion(s) flux through the NMDA receptor upon Glu binding and membrane depolarization?

<p>Na+ and Ca2+ (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which compound is an antagonist of the NMDA receptor?

<p>MK801 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which receptor requires two signals to open: Glu binding and membrane depolarization?

<p>NMDA receptor (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which compound was discovered by Henry Dale that produced effects on organs similar to those produced by nerves?

<p>Acetylcholine (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who discovered that stimulation of nerves attached to a frog's heart caused the release of chemical substances, one of which was named vagusstoffe?

<p>Otto Loewi (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the receptor that acetylcholine (ACh) can bind to?

<p>Nicotinic receptor (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many subunits make up the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor channel?

<p>5 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which subunits are mostly involved in ligand binding in the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor?

<p>α-subunits (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for a compound that binds to a receptor and mimics the action of the physiological ligand?

<p>Agonist (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for a compound that binds to a receptor and blocks the action of the physiological ligand?

<p>Antagonist (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the transporter responsible for the storage of acetylcholine (ACh) into synaptic vesicles?

<p>VAChT (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did Thomas Elliott suggest in 1903 about the transmission of information between neurons?

<p>The message is transmitted via chemical compound (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which receptor is mainly postsynaptic and linked to activation of phospholipase C?

<p>mGluR1 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of mGluR inhibitors in memory formation?

<p>They block memory formation at some synapses (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What causes excitotoxic cell death in stroke?

<p>Excessive release of glutamate (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which neurotransmitter is the main inhibitory neurotransmitter in the brain?

<p>GABA (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which transporter is responsible for packaging GABA into vesicles?

<p>VIAAT (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of GABA receptor is structurally related to nicotinic acetylcholine receptors?

<p>GABAA receptor (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main effect of Valium (diazepam) on GABA-A receptor signaling?

<p>It increases chloride ion influx (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of inhibitory neurotransmitters in presynaptic inhibition?

<p>To reduce depolarization of the presynaptic nerve terminal (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of neurotransmission is mediated by ionotropic receptors?

<p>Fast neurotransmission (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of inhibitory neurotransmitters on the inside of the cell?

<p>It becomes more negative (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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