35 Questions
What is the result of a deficiency in 5α-reductase in a male?
Mistaken female external genitalia
What is the primary role of Sertoli cells in the testes?
Supporting germinal cells
What is the primary function of the epididymis in males?
Maturing sperm cells
Which of the following is NOT a part of the female internal genitalia?
Seminal vesicle
What is the role of the SRY gene in sex determination?
Determining male sex
In which weeks of fetal development do the external genitalia form?
9-12 weeks
What is the result of the absence of testosterone and AMH in females?
Female internal genitalia development
What is the function of the 5a-reductase enzyme?
Converting testosterone to 5a-dihydrotestosterone
What is the primary function of Sertoli cells in male fetal development?
Secreting anti-mullerian hormone
What is the name of the gene responsible for the development of testes in male fetuses?
SRY
What is the name of the hormone secreted by Leydig cells that leads to the growth and development of the Wolffian duct?
Testosterone
At what gestational age do testes develop in male fetuses?
Between 6-8 weeks
What is the function of the Wolffian duct in male fetuses?
Growth and development of the male reproductive system
What is the primary function of the mullerian duct in female fetuses?
Growth and development of the female reproductive system
What is the name of the hormone secreted by Sertoli cells that leads to the regression of the mullerian duct?
Anti-mullerian hormone
At what gestational age do both ducts exist in both sexes?
Before 6 weeks
What is the primary function of the epididymis in the male reproductive system?
To store and mature sperm
What is the average duration of the spermatogenesis process?
74 days
Which hormone stimulates the production of testosterone in Leydig cells?
LH
What is the function of the acrosome in the sperm?
To penetrate the egg during fertilization
What is the number of sperm produced daily in a healthy male?
120 million/day
What is the process by which spermatids transform into mature sperm?
Spermiogenesis
Which cells are responsible for eliminating excess cytoplasm during spermiogenesis?
Sertoli cells
What is the age at which spermatogenesis typically begins in males?
13 years
Where do spermatozoa initially release into after completing spermatogenesis?
Seminiferous tubules
What is the primary function of seminal vesicles?
To provide nutrients for sperm
What is the percentage of semen contributed by the prostate gland?
30%
What is the term for the enlargement of the prostate gland?
Prostatic hypertrophy
What is the function of prostaglandins in seminal vesicle secretion?
To stimulate smooth muscle contraction
What is the term for the fluid that is carried by the ejaculatory duct to the urethra?
Semen
Where do sperm become mature and gain motility?
Epididymis
What is the term for the axis that regulates male sex hormone secretion?
Hypothalamicpituitary-testes axis
What is the effect of anabolic steroids on the testes?
Testicular atrophy
What is the function of the bulbourethral glands?
To clear the urethra from urine residues
What percentage of semen is composed of sperm?
5%
This quiz covers the basics of reproductive physiology, including sex differentiation, male and female reproductive systems, spermatogenesis, oogenesis, and hormonal control of testicular and ovarian steroidogenesis. Understand the endocrine background of the menstrual cycle and more.
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