46 Questions
Which of the following factors is believed to be the primary determinant of obesity?
Genetics
Which hormone increases appetite?
Ghrelin
Which part of the brain is referred to as the hunger center?
Lateral hypothalamus
Which hormone is important to the brain's processing of appetite?
GLP-1
What is the largest determinate of energy expenditure in an individual?
Metabolic rate
What is the definition of Res9ng Energy Expenditure (REE)?
Energy expended by a person at rest
What is the prevalence of Non-Alcoholic FaMy Liver Disease (NAFLD) in obese patients?
80-90%
Which of the following is NOT a medical condition associated with obesity?
Thyroid hormone deficiency
Which neurotransmitters and neuropeptides impact the brain's appetite network?
Orexin and melanocyte concentrating hormone
What is the role of ghrelin in appetite?
It increases appetite
What is the role of leptin in appetite?
It decreases appetite
What is the effect of exogenous leptin in leptin-deficient patients?
It decreases appetite
Which part of the brain is NOT involved in the appetite network?
Frontal cortex
What is the primary determinant of obesity according to the text?
Genetics
What is the role of the lateral hypothalamus in the brain?
It stimulates appetite
What is the effect of growth hormone deficiency on obesity?
It increases obesity
What is the effect of cortisol on obesity?
It increases obesity
Which of the following is NOT a gut hormone important to the brain's processing of appetite?
Insulin
Which of the following stimuli can influence hunger and satiety in humans?
Reward
What is the largest determinate of energy expenditure in an individual?
Metabolic rate
When does the basal metabolic rate (BMR) occur?
4 hours after a meal
What happens to adipose cellularity in obese individuals?
It increases
Which of the following is NOT a risk factor for NAFLD/NASH?
Advanced age
Which of the following is associated with insulin resistance in obese individuals?
Increased glucose uptake by the liver
What is the early indication of cardiac dysfunction associated with obesity and diabetes?
Myocardial remodeling
How is BMI (Body Mass Index) calculated?
Weight (kg) / Height (m)
Which of the following is NOT a phase in the treatment and prevention of obesity?
Quaternary phase
What is the recommended BMI threshold for considering bariatric surgery?
40
What is the daily energy deficit provided by a lower calorie diet (LCD)?
500-750 kcal
What is the recommended daily calorie intake for men on a lower calorie diet (LCD)?
1500-1800 kcal
What is the recommended daily calorie intake for women on a lower calorie diet (LCD)?
1200-1500 kcal
What is the primary goal of weight management?
To improve weight-related complications
What is the cornerstone of weight management?
Comprehensive lifestyle intervention
Which intervention is considered the most powerful and effective for the treatment of obesity?
Bariatric surgery
Which option is recommended for individuals who do not qualify for bariatric surgery?
Medical devices
When is pharmacologic therapy recommended for weight loss?
When all other interventions have failed
Which drug acts as a lipase inhibitor and induces weight loss by lowering dietary fat absorption?
Orlistat
Which drug combination acts as an appetite suppressant and increases energy expenditure?
Phentermine and Topiramate
Which drug combination works on the hypothalamus and mesolimbic dopamine circuit to reduce cravings?
Naltrexone and Bupropion
Which drug activates the GLP-1 receptor in the brain and regulates appetite and caloric intake?
Liraglutide
Which drug interferes with absorption of fat-soluble vitamins, cyclosporine, levothyroxine, and antiretrovirals?
Orlistat
Which drug combination has contraindications including MAO inhibitor use within 14 days, pregnancy, breastfeeding, hypothyroidism, and glaucoma?
Phentermine and Topiramate
Which drug combination has contraindications including MAO inhibitor use within 14 days, ESRD, uncontrolled HTN, seizure disorder/history, bulimia, and anorexia?
Naltrexone and Bupropion
Which drug has contraindications including pregnancy and personal/family history of medullary thyroid carcinoma, multiple endocrine neoplasia syndrome type 2?
Liraglutide
Which drug combination has cautionary warnings of suicidality, psychiatric disorder, bipolar disorder, and acute opioid withdrawal?
Naltrexone and Bupropion
Which drug has adverse effects including nausea, diarrhea, constipation, vomiting, abdominal pain, dyspepsia, hypoglycemia, headache, and tachycardia?
Liraglutide
Test your knowledge on the causes and factors contributing to obesity with this informative quiz. Explore the role of genetics, environmental influences, and physiological factors in the development of obesity.
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