University of Baghdad/ College of Medicine 2022-2023 Endocrinology Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is the main cause of Persistent Mullerian Duct Syndrome (PMDS)?

  • Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia (CAH)
  • Androgen Insensitivity Syndrome (AIS)
  • Mutation in the AMH gene (correct)
  • Defect in the 17OH-progesterone gene

Which karyotype is most common in True Hermaphrodites?

  • 46XX (correct)
  • 46XO
  • 47XXY
  • 46XY

What is the primary evaluation test for patients with 46XX DSD?

  • Ultrasound (correct)
  • Serum electrolytes
  • T, LH, and FSH levels
  • 17OH-progesterone

Which group classifies True Hermaphrodites into Lateral, Bilateral, and Unilateral types?

<p>Ambiguous genitalia (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of Androgen Insensitivity Syndrome (AIS) on XY males?

<p>Lack of response to androgens (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential result of Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia (CAH) in newborns?

<p>Development of ambiguous genitalia (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

'Leydig Cell Aplasia' is associated with which condition?

<p>Androgen Insensitivity Syndrome (AIS) (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following conditions is associated with defects in testosterone biosynthesis?

<p>Male Pseudohermaphroditism (XY-FEMALE) (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which condition may present with the enzymatic conversion of testosterone to dihydrotestosterone?

<p>Male Pseudohermaphroditism (XY-FEMALE) (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of defect is commonly associated with Androgen Insensitivity Syndrome (AIS)?

<p>Enzymatic conversion of testosterone to dihydrotestosterone (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following conditions is characterized by Leydig Cell Aplasia?

<p>Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia (CAH) (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common feature of Persistent Mullerian Duct Syndrome?

<p>Defects in androgen-dependent target tissues (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which condition is associated with aberrations in testicular gonadogenesis?

<p>Persistent Mullerian Duct Syndrome (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which condition might you expect to see primary testicular failure?

<p>Androgen Insensitivity Syndrome (AIS) (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a cause of Ambiguous Genitalia?

<p>Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia (CAH) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the probable diagnosis for a patient with XY chromosomes but external female genitalia?

<p>Male Pseudohermaphroditism (XY-FEMALE) (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which condition results in a lack of response to male hormones despite having male chromosomes?

<p>Androgen Insensitivity Syndrome (AIS) (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which disorder involves the underdevelopment of male sexual characteristics in an individual with XY chromosomes?

<p>Leydig Cell Aplasia (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which condition do individuals have both ovarian and testicular tissue?

<p>Persistent Mullerian Duct Syndrome (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which disorder involves the overproduction of androgens by the adrenal glands?

<p>Androgen Insensitivity Syndrome (AIS) (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

'Male Pseudohermaphroditism' refers to individuals with which chromosomal makeup?

<p>XY (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which gene is required for the development of testes in humans?

<p>SRY gene (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In Male Pseudohermaphroditism (XY-FEMALE), what is one of the characteristics observed?

<p>Testicular unresponsiveness to hCG &amp; LH (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which condition accounts for the majority of 46XX DSD patients?

<p>Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia (CAH) (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What genetic abnormality is associated with Mixed Gonadal Dysgenesis?

<p>45,X0 / 46,XY (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which gene is affected by inactivating or loss-of-function mutations in Male Pseudohermaphroditism (XY-FEMALE)?

<p>CYP21 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In Androgen Insensitivity Syndrome (AIS), what is a common characteristic regarding genitalia?

<p><strong>Incomplete masculinization</strong> (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common Disorder of Sex Development (DSD) mentioned in the text?

<p><strong>Male Pseudohermaphroditism (XY-FEMALE)</strong> (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a potential cause of ambiguous genitalia in newborns?

<p>Excessive exposure to sunlight (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main goal of treatment for babies with ambiguous genitalia?

<p>To assign a specific gender (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the context of the text, what does DSD stand for?

<p>Disorder of Sexual Development (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of surgery may be performed on a baby with ambiguous genitalia to correct an overly large clitoris?

<p>Clitoroplasty (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which tennis player is mentioned in the text as someone who experienced DSD and underwent surgery to be legally recognized as a woman?

<p>Sarah Gronert (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role does hormonal therapy play in the treatment of babies with ambiguous genitalia?

<p>To help assign a specific gender (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements is true about ambiguous genitalia?

<p>It may result from hormonal imbalances (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

'Male pseudohermaphroditism' refers to a condition where an individual has:

<p><strong>XY chromosomes but female external genitalia</strong> (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

'Androgen Insensitivity Syndrome (AIS)' primarily affects individuals with:

<p><strong>Complete insensitivity to androgens</strong> (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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