University of Baghdad/ College of Medicine 2022-2023 Endocrinology Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is the main cause of Persistent Mullerian Duct Syndrome (PMDS)?

  • Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia (CAH)
  • Androgen Insensitivity Syndrome (AIS)
  • Mutation in the AMH gene (correct)
  • Defect in the 17OH-progesterone gene

    • Which karyotype is most common in True Hermaphrodites?

  • 46XX (correct)
  • 46XO
  • 47XXY
  • 46XY

    • What is the primary evaluation test for patients with 46XX DSD?

  • Ultrasound (correct)
  • Serum electrolytes
  • T, LH, and FSH levels
  • 17OH-progesterone

    • Which group classifies True Hermaphrodites into Lateral, Bilateral, and Unilateral types?

    <p>Ambiguous genitalia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of Androgen Insensitivity Syndrome (AIS) on XY males?

    <p>Lack of response to androgens</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential result of Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia (CAH) in newborns?

    <p>Development of ambiguous genitalia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Leydig Cell Aplasia' is associated with which condition?

    <p>Androgen Insensitivity Syndrome (AIS)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following conditions is associated with defects in testosterone biosynthesis?

    <p>Male Pseudohermaphroditism (XY-FEMALE)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which condition may present with the enzymatic conversion of testosterone to dihydrotestosterone?

    <p>Male Pseudohermaphroditism (XY-FEMALE)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of defect is commonly associated with Androgen Insensitivity Syndrome (AIS)?

    <p>Enzymatic conversion of testosterone to dihydrotestosterone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following conditions is characterized by Leydig Cell Aplasia?

    <p>Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia (CAH)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common feature of Persistent Mullerian Duct Syndrome?

    <p>Defects in androgen-dependent target tissues</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which condition is associated with aberrations in testicular gonadogenesis?

    <p>Persistent Mullerian Duct Syndrome</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which condition might you expect to see primary testicular failure?

    <p>Androgen Insensitivity Syndrome (AIS)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a cause of Ambiguous Genitalia?

    <p>Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia (CAH)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the probable diagnosis for a patient with XY chromosomes but external female genitalia?

    <p>Male Pseudohermaphroditism (XY-FEMALE)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which condition results in a lack of response to male hormones despite having male chromosomes?

    <p>Androgen Insensitivity Syndrome (AIS)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which disorder involves the underdevelopment of male sexual characteristics in an individual with XY chromosomes?

    <p>Leydig Cell Aplasia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which condition do individuals have both ovarian and testicular tissue?

    <p>Persistent Mullerian Duct Syndrome</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which disorder involves the overproduction of androgens by the adrenal glands?

    <p>Androgen Insensitivity Syndrome (AIS)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Male Pseudohermaphroditism' refers to individuals with which chromosomal makeup?

    <p>XY</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which gene is required for the development of testes in humans?

    <p>SRY gene</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In Male Pseudohermaphroditism (XY-FEMALE), what is one of the characteristics observed?

    <p>Testicular unresponsiveness to hCG &amp; LH</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which condition accounts for the majority of 46XX DSD patients?

    <p>Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia (CAH)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What genetic abnormality is associated with Mixed Gonadal Dysgenesis?

    <p>45,X0 / 46,XY</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which gene is affected by inactivating or loss-of-function mutations in Male Pseudohermaphroditism (XY-FEMALE)?

    <p>CYP21</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In Androgen Insensitivity Syndrome (AIS), what is a common characteristic regarding genitalia?

    <p><strong>Incomplete masculinization</strong></p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most common Disorder of Sex Development (DSD) mentioned in the text?

    <p><strong>Male Pseudohermaphroditism (XY-FEMALE)</strong></p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a potential cause of ambiguous genitalia in newborns?

    <p>Excessive exposure to sunlight</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main goal of treatment for babies with ambiguous genitalia?

    <p>To assign a specific gender</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of the text, what does DSD stand for?

    <p>Disorder of Sexual Development</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of surgery may be performed on a baby with ambiguous genitalia to correct an overly large clitoris?

    <p>Clitoroplasty</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which tennis player is mentioned in the text as someone who experienced DSD and underwent surgery to be legally recognized as a woman?

    <p>Sarah Gronert</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role does hormonal therapy play in the treatment of babies with ambiguous genitalia?

    <p>To help assign a specific gender</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements is true about ambiguous genitalia?

    <p>It may result from hormonal imbalances</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Male pseudohermaphroditism' refers to a condition where an individual has:

    <p><strong>XY chromosomes but female external genitalia</strong></p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Androgen Insensitivity Syndrome (AIS)' primarily affects individuals with:

    <p><strong>Complete insensitivity to androgens</strong></p> Signup and view all the answers

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