University Coping Strategies Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What is the effect of the number of bystanders on the feeling of responsibility in the diffusion of responsibility phenomenon?

  • Feeling of responsibility is only affected by the behavior of the victim
  • Feeling of responsibility remains constant regardless of the number of bystanders
  • Feeling of responsibility diminishes as the number of bystanders increases (correct)
  • Feeling of responsibility increases as the number of bystanders increases

What is the basis of pluralistic ignorance according to Festinger's social comparison theory?

  • People make independent decisions when unsure of the appropriate behavior
  • People ignore the behavior of others when unsure of the appropriate behavior
  • People seek expert advice when unsure of the appropriate behavior
  • People use others' behaviors to guide their actions when unsure of the appropriate behavior (correct)

What percentage of bystanders intervened in the smoke-filled room study conducted by Darley & Latané?

  • 10% (correct)
  • 75%
  • 25%
  • 50%

What is the bystander-calculus model based on?

<p>Arousal: Cost-Reward Model and the Process of Intervention (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the situational determinants of altruism mentioned in the text?

<p>Cost of helping/not helping (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the common resource pool dilemma, what happens if the total request resource pool size exceeds the fixed pool size?

<p>Each person gets nothing (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the simultaneous protocol, what happens if the total requests from all players is less than the fixed resource pool size?

<p>Each player gets their requested amount (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the impact of communication on cooperation in social dilemmas, according to Dawes, McTavish, & Shaklee (1977)?

<p>Enhanced understanding of the game (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of coordination in social dilemmas?

<p>Improves cooperation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the outcome if the total requests in the common resource pool dilemma are exactly equal to the fixed pool size?

<p>Each person gets nothing (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the defining characteristic of public goods?

<p>Jointness of supply and impossibility of exclusion (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the Tit-for-Tat strategy in the Prisoner's Dilemma game?

<p>Cooperate on the first trial and imitate the opponent's response on subsequent trials (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a critical situation in the context of public goods dilemma?

<p>When a person's contribution is required to provide the public good (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the outcome if both prisoners in the Prisoner's Dilemma testify against each other?

<p>Both will be sentenced to three years in jail (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between mutual cooperation and mutual defection in the Prisoner's Dilemma game?

<p>Mutual cooperation results in a better outcome than mutual defection (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the situational determinants of altruism mentioned in the text?

<p>Diffusion of responsibility, pluralistic ignorance, and cost of helping/not helping (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the empathy-altruism model suggest?

<p>Witnessing others in distress can stimulate egoistic or altruistic motivations (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the empathic joy hypothesis propose, as per the text?

<p>We help to experience the joy of others being helped (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an example of a personal cost of not helping mentioned in the text?

<p>Feeling upset that firefighters have no good food to eat (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the failure to witness a 'happy ending' lead to, according to the text?

<p>A decrease in helping behavior (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which game involves two parties risking a conflict with each other?

<p>The game of chicken (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who proposed the prisoner's dilemma in 1950?

<p>Merrill Flood and Melvin Dresher (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does social exchange theory quantify in interactions?

<p>Gains and losses (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the prisoner's dilemma illustrate in a group setting?

<p>A failure of individual rationality (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which social norm is mentioned in the summary?

<p>Equity (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the focus of the study's feedback manipulation?

<p>Manipulating the possibility of the subject's advice being seen by the woman in the tape in a subsequent interview (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the Ultimatum Game described in the text?

<p>Involving two persons sharing a fixed amount of resources and one person making an allocation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the debriefing in the study?

<p>To check for suspicions and provide a detailed probe before debriefing the subject (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What do the subjects instructed to increase empathic emotion focus on while watching interviews?

<p>Imagine the interviewee's feelings (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the aim of the study's exploration of the rates of helping predicted by the Empathic Joy Hypothesis?

<p>To explore the rates of helping predicted by the Empathic Joy Hypothesis (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Diffusion of Responsibility

Feeling of responsibility diminishes as the number of bystanders increases.

Pluralistic Ignorance

People use others' behaviors to guide their actions when unsure of the appropriate behavior.

Smoke-Filled Room Intervention Rate

10%

Bystander-Calculus Model Basis

Arousal: Cost-Reward Model and the Process of Intervention

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Situational Altruism Determinant

Cost of helping/not helping

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Common Resource Pool Dilemma Outcome

Each person gets nothing

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Simultaneous Protocol Outcome

Each player gets their requested amount

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Communication Impact on Cooperation

Enhanced understanding of the game

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Coordination Purpose

Improves cooperation

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Pool Dilemma Exact Requests Outcome

Each person gets nothing

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Public Goods Characteristic

Jointness of supply and impossibility of exclusion

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Tit-for-Tat Strategy

Cooperate on the first trial and imitate the opponent's response on subsequent trials

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Critical Situation

When a person's contribution is required to provide the public good

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Prisoner's Dilemma Outcome

Both will be sentenced to three years in jail

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Cooperation vs Defection

Mutual cooperation results in a better outcome than mutual defection

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Altruism Situational Determinants

Diffusion of responsibility, pluralistic ignorance, and cost of helping/not helping

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Empathy-Altruism Model

Witnessing others in distress can stimulate egoistic or altruistic motivations

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Empathic Joy Hypothesis

We help to experience the joy of others being helped

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Personal Cost of Not Helping

Feeling upset that firefighters have no good food to eat

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Failure to Witness 'Happy Ending'

A decrease in helping behavior

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Risky Conflict Game

The game of chicken

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Prisoner's Dilemma Proposers

Merrill Flood and Melvin Dresher

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Social Exchange Theory Quantifies

Gains and losses

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Prisoner's Dilemma Illustrates

A failure of individual rationality

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Social Norm

Equity

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Study's Feedback Manipulation Focus

Manipulating the possibility of the subject's advice being seen by the woman in the tape in a subsequent interview

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Ultimatum Game

Involving two persons sharing a fixed amount of resources and one person making an allocation

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Debriefing Purpose

To check for suspicions and provide a detailed probe before debriefing the subject

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Empathic Emotion Instruction

Imagine the interviewee's feelings

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Study's Aim

To explore the rates of helping predicted by the Empathic Joy Hypothesis

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Study Notes

Perception of Coping Strategies in University Environment Study

  • Study involves watching and rating freshmen interviews about college adjustment problems
  • Consent form requests the subject to consider making a videotape discussing personal experiences in adjusting to university life
  • Subjects are instructed to increase empathic emotion while watching interviews and imagine the interviewee's feelings
  • Another set of subjects are instructed to focus on watching the interviewee's body movements objectively
  • Study explores the rates of helping predicted by the Empathic Joy Hypothesis
  • A stimulus interview involves a young woman discussing stressors familiar to first-year college students
  • Subjects are given a helping opportunity to provide a detailed response to the problems and coping strategies discussed by the woman in the tape
  • Feedback manipulation involves the possibility of the subject's advice being seen by the woman in the tape in a subsequent interview
  • Debriefing involves a return appointment, a posttest to check for suspicions, and a detailed probe for suspicions before debriefing the subject
  • The proportion of subjects offering advice is detailed in a table, showing differences based on instructional-set and feedback conditions
  • Mixed-motive interactions are discussed, including management-labor relationships, social exchange theory, and solving social dilemmas
  • The Ultimatum Game is explained, involving two persons sharing a fixed amount of resources and one person making an allocation

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