Universal Solvent Flashcards

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Study Notes

Universal Solvent Concept

Water is known as a universal solvent due to its ability to dissolve a wide variety of solutes.

Key Definitions

Solvent: The component in a solution that is present in the greatest amount; responsible for dissolving other substances.
Solute: The substance that is dissolved in a solution, typically present in lesser quantity compared to the solvent.
Solution: A homogeneous mixture formed when a solute is dissolved in a solvent.

Molecular Properties

Polar Molecule: Water is classified as a polar molecule due to the presence of a partially positive charge on the hydrogen atoms and a partially negative charge on the oxygen atom.
Nonpolar Molecule: A molecule that does not exhibit any electrical charge separation, lacking distinct positive and negative ends.

Water Molecule Composition

A water molecule consists of two elements: hydrogen and oxygen.
Oxygen in a water molecule carries a negative charge, creating a polar structure.
Hydrogen atoms in water have a positive charge and are smaller in proportion compared to oxygen.

Molecular Structure

In a water molecule, the larger circle represents oxygen, indicating its larger atomic size.
The two smaller circles in the water molecule represent the hydrogen atoms.

Suspension Concept

A suspension occurs when one liquid floats on top of another liquid, illustrating the differences in densities or chemical properties.

Description

Explore the fundamental concepts related to the universal solvent, particularly water, through these flashcards. Each card defines key terms like solvent, solute, and solution, essential for understanding the nature of mixtures. Perfect for students studying chemistry or related sciences.