Universal Health Coverage and Primary Health Care
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Universal Health Coverage and Primary Health Care

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Questions and Answers

What is a primary goal of the primary health care (PHC) approach in relation to universal health coverage (UHC)?

  • To integrate health services and public health functions (correct)
  • To focus solely on disease-specific treatments
  • To limit access to health services for certain populations
  • To prioritize hospital-based care over community care

    • Which of the following describes a component of multi-sectoral policies in health?

  • Implementing policies that only involve the health sector
  • Focusing exclusively on clinical healthcare delivery
  • Limiting community participation in health interventions
  • Addressing social determinants of health through various sectors (correct)

    • How does community engagement contribute to health systems designed for people?

  • By empowering communities for social participation and self-care (correct)
  • By promoting policies that exclude individual participation
  • By emphasizing top-down decision-making processes
  • By focusing on institutional frameworks alone

    • What is the significance of implementing health-in-all-policies?

    <p>It ensures that health considerations are integrated across all government sectors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a component of primary health care (PHC)?

    <p>Exclusive focus on infectious diseases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is essential for creating health systems with resilience?

    <p>Adopting an inclusive whole-of-government approach</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which approach can achieve significant cost efficiencies while delivering essential UHC interventions?

    <p>Primary health care (PHC) approach</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor is critical for effective community engagement in health initiatives?

    <p>Empowering individuals and families</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does Universal Health Coverage (UHC) aim to ensure for all people?

    <p>Access to essential health services without financial hardship</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role does Primary Health Care (PHC) serve within health systems?

    <p>It acts as the front door of the health system.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following factors is NOT one of the burdens faced by the Philippine health system?

    <p>Reduction in healthcare funding</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does protecting people from financial hardship impact public health?

    <p>It reduces the risk of poverty associated with health expenses.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which public health function is indicated as crucial for dealing with health crises like COVID-19?

    <p>Strengthening of essential public health functions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one expected outcome of community engagement in primary health care settings?

    <p>Improved health literacy and service utilization</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an essential component of a resilient health system according to public health principles?

    <p>Optimal skills mix of health and care workers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes the approach of the Universal Health Care Act of 2019 regarding public health?

    <p>Encompasses health promotion and disease prevention across populations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary aim of public health functions in relation to epidemic responses?

    <p>To detect early signs and prepare timely responses</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary goal of the UHC Law regarding local government units (LGUs)?

    <p>To ensure LGUs can independently finance and manage their health workforce.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What complication arises from the relationships between the DOH and local governments?

    <p>Duplication of efforts and incomplete data.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the UHC Law expect to manage health information systems effectively?

    <p>By establishing interoperable information systems.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key feature of the public health system as envisioned by the UHC Law?

    <p>Reorganization into province- or city-wide health systems.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What initiative does the UHC Law seek to enhance within the health system framework?

    <p>Improving regulatory functions of the DOH.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the main pillars the success of the UHC Law hinges upon?

    <p>The promotion of community health engagement.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role does PhilHealth transition into under the UHC Law?

    <p>A stronger national purchaser of services.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the UHC Law aim to address in relation to health information systems?

    <p>Promoting data consolidation and interoperability.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Universal Health Coverage (UHC)

    • Access to the full range of quality health services for all people, when and where needed, without financial hardship
    • Includes health promotion, prevention, treatment, rehabilitation, and palliative care
    • Requires a skilled and adequately supported health workforce, quality assured products, and decent work environments

    Why is primary health care (PHC) important?

    • Makes health systems more resilient to crises
    • Allows for proactive detection of early signs of epidemics
    • Prepares for surges in demand for services
    • Serves as the "front door" of the health system
    • Strengthens essential public health functions
    • Central to responding to public health crises like COVID-19

    The Philippine situation

    • Faces a triple burden of health impacts: urbanization, globalization, and climate change; rise of noncommunicable diseases; and re-emergence of communicable diseases
    • 90% of essential UHC interventions can be delivered through a PHC approach
    • PHC involves: comprehensive integrated health services embracing primary care, multi-sectoral policies addressing upstream determinants of health, and community engagement for self-care and self-reliance
    • Comprehensive integrated health services that embrace primary care as well as public health goods and functions as central pieces
    • Multi-sectoral policies and actions to address the upstream and wider determinants of health
    • Engaging and empowering individuals, families, and communities for increased social participation and enhanced self-care and self-reliance in health

    The need for a shift

    • From health systems designed around diseases and institutions towards health systems designed for people
    • Requires governments to take a whole-of-government approach to health, including health-in-all-policies

    The Universal Health Care (UHC) Law of 2019

    • Aims to clarify overlapping functions of government agencies
    • Re-envisions the role of the Department of Health (DOH) to focus on regulation, policy development, and standard setting
    • Transitions PhilHealth to a stronger national purchaser of services
    • Reorganizes the public system as province- or city-wide health systems with health care provider networks (HCPNs)
    • Envisions municipalities becoming capable of independently financing and managing their own health workforce

    Challenges in the Philippine health system

    • Significant responsibilities held by municipalities
    • Complex relationships between DOH and municipal, city, and provincial governments
    • Health information systems face challenges: lack of structural and technical capacities, duplication of efforts, unconsolidated and incomplete data, and lack of interoperable mechanisms

    Solutions implemented by the UHC Law

    • Mandates maintenance of interoperable information systems
    • Standardizes health data collection from providers
    • Integrates data for licensing and contracting agreements

    Key pillars for successful UHC

    • PHC
    • Leadership and governance
    • Health information systems

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    CBR 2.1: Organizational Structure of CBR in the PH and Introduction to RA 11223 PDF

    Description

    This quiz explores the key concepts of Universal Health Coverage (UHC) and the importance of Primary Health Care (PHC) in strengthening health systems. It discusses their roles in addressing health crises and the specific challenges faced in the Philippines, such as urbanization and disease management. Test your understanding of these critical health topics!

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