Questions and Answers
What is the primary aim of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC)?
Which of the following conventions aims to ensure that international trade does not threaten the survival of various species?
What significant measure does the Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants include?
What is a key feature of the RAMSAR Convention?
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What is one of the outcomes of the Convention on Long-range Transboundary Air Pollution?
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What does the Acid Rain Protocol specifically target?
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What is the primary goal of the Convention on Biological Diversity?
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Which event prompted the focus on the Convention on the Transboundary Effects of Industrial Accidents?
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What is the primary objective of the United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification?
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What does the Minamata Convention on Mercury specifically aim to address?
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Which principle underlies the Kyoto Protocol's responsibility structure?
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What is the main focus of the Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety?
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Which substance's production is targeted for phase-out by the Montreal Protocol?
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Which strategy is an example of the United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification?
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Which outcome resulted from the Exxon Valdez oil spill?
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Study Notes
United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC)
- Aims to stabilize greenhouse gas concentrations to prevent dangerous repercussions from climate change.
- The Paris Agreement (2015) seeks to limit global temperature rise to below 2°C.
Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES)
- Ensures international trade of over 35,000 animal and plant species does not threaten their survival.
- Notable example: The ban on ivory trade aims to protect elephants from poaching.
RAMSAR Convention (The Convention on Wetlands)
- Establishes a framework for the conservation and sustainable use of wetlands.
- Example: Protection of the Pantanal wetlands, one of the largest tropical wetland areas globally.
Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants
- Protects humans and the environment from long-lasting harmful chemicals.
- Example: Banning DDT in various countries to mitigate its environmental and health impacts.
Convention on Long-range Transboundary Air Pollution
- Comprises eight protocols aimed at reducing pollution releases for human and environmental health protection.
- Example: The Acid Rain Protocol in Europe significantly reduced sulfur emissions from power plants.
Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD)
- Promotes sustainable development through the conservation of biological diversity and equitable sharing of genetic resources.
- Countries implement National Biodiversity Strategies and Action Plans (NBSAPs) for species conservation.
Convention on the Transboundary Effects of Industrial Accidents
- Protects human health and the environment from industrial accidents through preventative measures and mitigation strategies.
- Example: The Sandoz chemical spill in Switzerland led to severe pollution of the Rhine River.
United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification
- Strives to reverse desertification and land degradation while mitigating drought effects to support poverty reduction.
- Example: Reforestation efforts in the Sahel region to restore degraded lands.
International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution of the Sea by Oil
- Aims to prevent oil pollution from ships in territorial waters of various countries.
- Example: The Exxon Valdez oil spill (1989) prompted international oil spill prevention regulations.
Minamata Convention on Mercury
- Focuses on protecting human health and the environment from mercury's harmful effects.
- Example: Minamata disease in Japan arose from mercury poisoning due to industrial wastewater.
Kyoto Protocol
- Holds developed nations to a higher standard for greenhouse gas emissions, recognizing their historical responsibility.
- Example: The EU Emissions Trading System (EU ETS) was created to achieve Kyoto targets through carbon trading.
Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety to the Convention on Biological Diversity
- International agreement for the safe handling, transport, and use of Living Modified Organisms (LMOs) considering biodiversity and human health risks.
- Example: Regulation of genetically modified crops to avoid unintended ecological damage.
Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer
- Aims to protect the ozone layer by phasing out ozone-depleting substances.
- Key substances regulated include chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) and halons.
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Description
Explore the key aspects of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) and its objectives to combat climate change. Learn about the significance of agreements like the Paris Agreement and their role in reducing greenhouse gas emissions globally.
