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In a unitary relationship, people relate to each other from a perspective where they:
In a unitary relationship, people relate to each other from a perspective where they:
In a pluralist relationship, people relate to each other from a perspective where they:
In a pluralist relationship, people relate to each other from a perspective where they:
In a coercive relationship, people relate to each other from a perspective where they:
In a coercive relationship, people relate to each other from a perspective where they:
The hard systems model of change is especially useful for dealing with situations that lie towards the 'hard' end of the hard-soft continuum of change situations. This model provides a systematic way of determining:
The hard systems model of change is especially useful for dealing with situations that lie towards the 'hard' end of the hard-soft continuum of change situations. This model provides a systematic way of determining:
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Under the hard systems model of change, what is the last step after generating a range of options for action?
Under the hard systems model of change, what is the last step after generating a range of options for action?
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People relating to each other from a unitary perspective largely agree upon:
People relating to each other from a unitary perspective largely agree upon:
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What is the first phase of the change process?
What is the first phase of the change process?
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What are constraints in the context of the change process?
What are constraints in the context of the change process?
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What is established to assess progress towards objectives in the change process?
What is established to assess progress towards objectives in the change process?
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What type of techniques and methods are used to generate options in the change process?
What type of techniques and methods are used to generate options in the change process?
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Which implementation strategy includes pilot studies and parallel running?
Which implementation strategy includes pilot studies and parallel running?
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What is crucial for the change to be accepted and successful in the implementation phase?
What is crucial for the change to be accepted and successful in the implementation phase?
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According to Acko, what does it mean to resolve a problem?
According to Acko, what does it mean to resolve a problem?
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What is the 'research' approach to mess management, according to Acko?
What is the 'research' approach to mess management, according to Acko?
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In organizational development, what does OD stand for?
In organizational development, what does OD stand for?
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What is the primary goal of organizational development, according to French and Bell?
What is the primary goal of organizational development, according to French and Bell?
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What kind of change does organizational development emphasize?
What kind of change does organizational development emphasize?
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According to Acko, what does it mean to dissolve a problem?
According to Acko, what does it mean to dissolve a problem?
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Study Notes
- The change process can be divided into three overlapping phases: description, options generation, and implementation.
- In the description phase, the situation is analyzed and objectives and constraints are identified.
- Objectives are desirable goals, and constraints are factors that prevent their achievement.
- Performance measures are established to assess progress towards objectives.
- In the options generation phase, potential solutions (options) are generated and evaluated.
- Options can be generated using various creative techniques and methods.
- Each option is then detailed and evaluated against performance measures.
- In the implementation phase, options are implemented and consolidated.
- Implementation strategies include pilot studies, parallel running, and big bang.
- Consolidation is crucial for the change to be accepted and successful.
- Even after implementation, further changes may be necessary to maintain balance between the system and the environment.
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Description
Test your understanding of hard systems models of change and the characteristics of unitary, pluralist, and coercive relationships. Identify key traits and differences between these perspectives.
