Unit VI: Immune System Study Guide
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Questions and Answers

What factor can decrease immune response according to the text?

  • Genetic risk factors
  • Adequate intake of vitamins and protein (correct)
  • Allergies to specific allergens
  • History of infections
  • Which factor is NOT mentioned as playing a significant role in acquired immunity?

  • Family history
  • Nutritional status
  • Immunizations
  • Chronic Illness (correct)
  • What is the most common area for lymphadenitis?

  • Groin and axillary nodes (correct)
  • Head and neck
  • Arms and legs
  • Chest and abdomen
  • Which condition is characterized by an abnormal size, number, or consistency of lymph nodes?

    <p>Lymphadenopathy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why are enlarged lymph nodes associated with inflammation and/or infection?

    <p>They are actively fighting off infections</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can cause necrosis and abscess formation in late stages of lymphadenitis?

    <p>Chronic infections</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of infection is lymphadenitis?

    <p>Bacterial infection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which test measures IgE levels produced when a patient's blood is mixed with specific allergens?

    <p>RAST</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When conducting a skin test, what indicates a positive result?

    <p>Round wheal and erythema</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What area of the body is commonly used for the initial skin test?

    <p>Back</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which component of WBCs is indicative of allergies?

    <p>Eosinophils</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When should allergy testing not be performed according to the text?

    <p>During bronchospasm or bronchitis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does RAST stand for in allergy testing procedures?

    <p>RadioAllergoSorbent Testing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a component of the first line of defense in natural immunity?

    <p>White blood cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Active acquired immunity is developed through which of the following processes?

    <p>Contracting a disease</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following factors does NOT increase an individual's risk for immune system disorders?

    <p>Being male</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If a person receives an infusion of plasma containing antibodies, which type of immunity is being conferred?

    <p>Passive acquired immunity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about natural immunity is NOT true?

    <p>It involves the production of antibodies</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which component of the immune system is responsible for the inflammatory response, a part of the second line of defense in natural immunity?

    <p>Phagocytes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the information provided, which gender is at a higher risk for developing autoimmune disorders?

    <p>Females</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of hypersensitivity reaction is characterized by the body developing IgE antibodies after initial exposure to the antigen?

    <p>Type I</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main mechanism that triggers the release of histamines and other chemical mediators in Type I hypersensitivity reactions?

    <p>Development of IgE antibodies</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary treatment strategy emphasized for Type I hypersensitivity reactions?

    <p>Prevention</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key factor to minimize the risk of systemic reactions during skin tests?

    <p>Avoiding antihistamines or corticosteroids prior to the test</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of immune response is characterized by a delayed cellular reaction?

    <p>Type IV</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it crucial for emergency equipment to be available during procedures that carry a risk of anaphylaxis?

    <p>To ensure prompt treatment in case of severe reactions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of conducting skin tests before provocative tests in healthcare settings?

    <p>To assess skin sensitivity to various substances</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is the most dangerous type of allergic reaction?

    <p>Anaphylaxis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary mechanism behind the symptoms of anaphylaxis?

    <p>Release of histamine and other chemical mediators leading to vasodilation, increased capillary permeability, and smooth muscle contraction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a common finding in anaphylaxis?

    <p>Hypoglycemia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary method of preventing anaphylaxis?

    <p>Avoiding the allergen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a common trigger for anaphylaxis?

    <p>Stress</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the management of anaphylaxis, what is the initial medication given to stop cardiac or respiratory arrest?

    <p>Epinephrine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary action of epinephrine that makes it effective in treating anaphylaxis?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a potential side effect of epinephrine administration?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary action of antihistamines in the treatment of allergic reactions?

    <p>Blocking histamine release in small blood vessels</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of administering intravenous fluids (IVF) in the management of anaphylaxis?

    <p>To act as a volume expander if the patient becomes hypotensive</p> Signup and view all the answers

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