Unit VI: Immune System Study Guide
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Questions and Answers

What factor can decrease immune response according to the text?

  • Genetic risk factors
  • Adequate intake of vitamins and protein (correct)
  • Allergies to specific allergens
  • History of infections

Which factor is NOT mentioned as playing a significant role in acquired immunity?

  • Family history
  • Nutritional status
  • Immunizations
  • Chronic Illness (correct)

What is the most common area for lymphadenitis?

  • Groin and axillary nodes (correct)
  • Head and neck
  • Arms and legs
  • Chest and abdomen

Which condition is characterized by an abnormal size, number, or consistency of lymph nodes?

<p>Lymphadenopathy (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why are enlarged lymph nodes associated with inflammation and/or infection?

<p>They are actively fighting off infections (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can cause necrosis and abscess formation in late stages of lymphadenitis?

<p>Chronic infections (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of infection is lymphadenitis?

<p>Bacterial infection (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which test measures IgE levels produced when a patient's blood is mixed with specific allergens?

<p>RAST (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When conducting a skin test, what indicates a positive result?

<p>Round wheal and erythema (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What area of the body is commonly used for the initial skin test?

<p>Back (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which component of WBCs is indicative of allergies?

<p>Eosinophils (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When should allergy testing not be performed according to the text?

<p>During bronchospasm or bronchitis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does RAST stand for in allergy testing procedures?

<p>RadioAllergoSorbent Testing (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a component of the first line of defense in natural immunity?

<p>White blood cells (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Active acquired immunity is developed through which of the following processes?

<p>Contracting a disease (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following factors does NOT increase an individual's risk for immune system disorders?

<p>Being male (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

If a person receives an infusion of plasma containing antibodies, which type of immunity is being conferred?

<p>Passive acquired immunity (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about natural immunity is NOT true?

<p>It involves the production of antibodies (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which component of the immune system is responsible for the inflammatory response, a part of the second line of defense in natural immunity?

<p>Phagocytes (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the information provided, which gender is at a higher risk for developing autoimmune disorders?

<p>Females (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of hypersensitivity reaction is characterized by the body developing IgE antibodies after initial exposure to the antigen?

<p>Type I (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main mechanism that triggers the release of histamines and other chemical mediators in Type I hypersensitivity reactions?

<p>Development of IgE antibodies (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary treatment strategy emphasized for Type I hypersensitivity reactions?

<p>Prevention (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key factor to minimize the risk of systemic reactions during skin tests?

<p>Avoiding antihistamines or corticosteroids prior to the test (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of immune response is characterized by a delayed cellular reaction?

<p>Type IV (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is it crucial for emergency equipment to be available during procedures that carry a risk of anaphylaxis?

<p>To ensure prompt treatment in case of severe reactions (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of conducting skin tests before provocative tests in healthcare settings?

<p>To assess skin sensitivity to various substances (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is the most dangerous type of allergic reaction?

<p>Anaphylaxis (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mechanism behind the symptoms of anaphylaxis?

<p>Release of histamine and other chemical mediators leading to vasodilation, increased capillary permeability, and smooth muscle contraction (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a common finding in anaphylaxis?

<p>Hypoglycemia (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary method of preventing anaphylaxis?

<p>Avoiding the allergen (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a common trigger for anaphylaxis?

<p>Stress (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the management of anaphylaxis, what is the initial medication given to stop cardiac or respiratory arrest?

<p>Epinephrine (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary action of epinephrine that makes it effective in treating anaphylaxis?

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a potential side effect of epinephrine administration?

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary action of antihistamines in the treatment of allergic reactions?

<p>Blocking histamine release in small blood vessels (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of administering intravenous fluids (IVF) in the management of anaphylaxis?

<p>To act as a volume expander if the patient becomes hypotensive (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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