Unit-III Linear Data Structures: Stack

Questions and Answers

Which statement most accurately describes the nature of a stack?

Stack is a random access data structure.

Stack allows adding and removing elements from any end.

Stack allows access to elements in any order.

Stack operates on a Last-In-First-Out principle. (correct)

What is a primary characteristic that differentiates a stack from other data structures?

It can store elements of varying data types.

It allows simultaneous access to multiple elements.

It supports insertion and removal from both ends.

It has a predefined capacity for element storage. (correct)

In how does a stack manage its elements during the insertion process?

Elements are stacked on top sequentially from the top of the stack. (correct)

Elements are placed at the bottom in a sequential manner.

Elements are arranged in random order based on their value.

A new element can be inserted anywhere in the stack.

What happens when a stack reaches its maximum capacity?

New elements cannot be added until some are removed. Signup and view all the answers

Which scenario illustrates the LIFO behavior of a stack?

Adding elements A, B, C and removing C first. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following describes the correct process of removing an element from a stack?

Only the top element can be removed. Signup and view all the answers

Why is a stack sometimes compared to a pile of books?

The last book added to the pile is the first one to be taken away. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best represents the limitation of a stack's capacity?

Once full, no additional elements can be pushed onto the stack. Signup and view all the answers

What happens when a pop operation is attempted on an empty stack?

An underflow condition occurs Signup and view all the answers

In the context of stack operations, what does the push() function specifically do?

Inserts an element into the stack Signup and view all the answers

How is the top of the stack represented when it is empty?

Top is set to -1 Signup and view all the answers

Which operation would you call to know if the stack has reached its maximum capacity?

isFull() Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following describes the function of the peek() operation in a stack?

Returns the element at a specified position Signup and view all the answers

What is indicated when a stack experiences an overflow condition?

It has reached its maximum limit and cannot add more elements Signup and view all the answers

What is the main advantage of implementing a stack using a Linked List over an Array?

Dynamic size and flexibility Signup and view all the answers

What does the count() function in stack operations return?

The total number of elements in the stack Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Stack Overview

Stack is a linear data structure that operates under the LIFO (Last In, First Out) principle.
An ordered list of elements of a similar data type is maintained.
Elements are added and removed only from the top of the stack, akin to a pile of objects.

Characteristics of Stack

Functions like a real-world stack, such as a pile of books.
Considered an abstract data type with a predefined capacity.
Supports a limited size for storing elements.

Working Mechanism

Works exclusively on the LIFO principle, with new elements stacked on top.
When full, the stack prevents any additional elements from being added, leading to an overflow condition.
Deletion occurs only from the top, maintaining the order of operations.

Implementation

Can be implemented using Arrays or Linked Lists:
- Arrays provide fast access but are size-limited.
- Linked Lists offer dynamic sizing but may be slower in access time.

Standard Stack Operations

push(): Inserts an element. Triggers overflow if the stack is full.
pop(): Removes the top element. Triggers underflow if the stack is empty.
isEmpty(): Checks if the stack has no elements.
isFull(): Checks if the stack has reached its capacity.
peek(): Returns the element at the specified position.
count(): Returns the total number of elements in the stack.
change(): Modifies the element at a given position.
display(): Outputs all elements in the stack.

PUSH Operation

Before inserting, check if the stack is full to avoid overflow.
Initialize the stack with the top value set to -1 to indicate emptiness.
Increment the top index before placing the new element at this position.

POP Operation

Before deleting, confirm that the stack is not empty to prevent underflow.
Only allows removal of the element at the top, following the LIFO method.

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Description

This quiz explores the concept of stacks in linear data structures, focusing on their LIFO (Last In First Out) characteristics. You'll learn how elements are added and removed within a stack and their importance in programming. Test your understanding of stack operations and their applications!