Unit Conversions and Density Quiz
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Questions and Answers

How does hydrogen cyanide gas affect the body?

  • By promoting oxygen absorption
  • By blocking cell respiration (correct)
  • By causing skin burns
  • By increasing blood circulation

    • Which of the following is a characteristic of organic solvents?

  • They can be flammable (correct)
  • They do not evaporate rapidly
  • They are generally non-toxic
  • They are typically solid at room temperature

    • What type of damage can carbon tetrachloride cause?

  • Severe skin burns
  • Kidney failure
  • Severe liver damage (correct)
  • Bone fractures

    • Acids with a pH of less than 4 are classified as what?

    <p>Strong acids</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of these is considered a strong base?

    <p>Calcium hydroxide</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common effect of carbon disulfide exposure?

    <p>Character change and unpredictable behavior</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes weak acids from strong acids?

    <p>Their concentration and pH level</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about chemical burns from bases is true?

    <p>They can cause more extensive damage despite causing less pain</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement accurately describes the difference between weight and mass?

    <p>Mass measures the amount of matter, while weight measures the effect of gravity on that matter.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the value of 1 British Thermal Unit (BTU) in calories?

    <p>252 cal</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many liters are equivalent to 1 cubic decimeter?

    <p>1 L</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which unit is used to measure pressure?

    <p>Pascal (Pa)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What conversion factor relates acres to square meters?

    <p>1 acre = 4046.556 m2</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about density is correct?

    <p>Density can help distinguish between different substances.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do you convert 1 atmosphere (atm) to Pascals (Pa)?

    <p>1 atm = 101,325 Pa</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the unit 'kg/m s²' represent?

    <p>Pressure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary goal of chemical safety?

    <p>To ensure the safe handling of chemicals</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Approximately how many new chemicals are estimated to come onto the market every year?

    <p>1,000</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What key element is NOT part of understanding chemical safety?

    <p>Economic benefits</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the first step in ensuring chemical safety in the workplace?

    <p>Identify the hazard</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What encompasses the full range of exposure situations in chemical safety?

    <p>Natural and manufactured chemicals</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What organization provides guidance on achieving chemical safety?

    <p>World Health Organization (WHO)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an activity involved in achieving chemical safety?

    <p>Understanding exposure risks</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the estimated total number of chemical substances used on a global scale?

    <p>100,000</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary unit of density for liquids and solids?

    <p>g/mL</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the specific gravity of a substance measure?

    <p>The ratio of the substance's density to the density of water</p> Signup and view all the answers

    An object with a density less than 1.00 g/mL will generally do what when placed in water?

    <p>Float on the surface</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following equations represents the relationship between mass, volume, and density?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If a solid object sinks in water, what can be inferred about its density?

    <p>Its density is greater than that of water</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the specific gravity of a material with a density of 2.50 g/cm3?

    <p>2.50</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which conversion correctly represents the density of water at 4°C?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What will happen to the water displaced when an object is submerged?

    <p>The volume displaced equals the volume of the object submerged</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the freezing point of water on the Fahrenheit scale?

    <p>32°F</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do you convert from Fahrenheit to Celsius?

    <p>T°C = (T°F - 32) × 5/9</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the boiling point of water in Fahrenheit?

    <p>212°F</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In scientific notation, how would you express the number 873,490,238?

    <p>8.7349 × 10^8</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When rounding the number 1.0643 to the nearest hundredth, what is the correct result?

    <p>1.06</p> Signup and view all the answers

    To express 1,181,995 in scientific notation, which format is preferred?

    <p>1.181995 × 10^6</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the first step when rounding 7.8177 to the nearest tenth?

    <p>Look at the hundredth place</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following formulas is used to determine the absolute temperature in Rankine from Fahrenheit?

    <p>TR = TF + 460</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Unit Conversions

    • 1 oz = 29.6 ml
    • 1 ft^3 = 28.32
    • 1 m^3 = 35.3 ft^3
    • 1 yd^2 = 0.836 m^2
    • 1 cm^2 = 0.155 in^2
    • 1 km^2 = 1.196 x 10^6 yd^2
    • 1 acre = 4840 yd^2 = 4046.556 m^2
    • 1 hectare (ha) = 2.471 acres = 10,000 m^2
    • 1 calorie (cal) = 4.184 joules (J)
    • 1 British Thermal Unit (BTU) = 252 cal = 1055 J
    • 1 Pascal (Pa) = 1 kg/m s^2
    • 1 kPa = 1000 Pa
    • 1 atmosphere (atm) = 760 torr = 760 mm Hg = 101,325 Pa = 14.7 in Hg

    Mass & Weight

    • Mass measures the amount of matter in an object or substance and is constant throughout the universe.
    • Weight measures the effect of the gravity (attraction from another body) on an object.
    • Weight is related to mass, but varies depending on the gravitational force exerted on the object.

    Density

    • Density (ρ) is the amount of mass per volume of a substance.
    • It can be used to identify different substances and is calculated as:
      • ρ = m/V
    • The density of water at 4°C is 1.0000 g/mL, 1.0000 g/cm^3, 1000.00 kg/m^3, or 62.4 lb/ft^3.
    • The specific gravity (sp gr) of a substance is the ratio of its density to the density of water at 4°C.
    • It tells how many times heavier a substance is compared to water:
      • sp gr = density of sample / density of water
    • An object denser than water will sink, while a less dense object will float.

    Temperature

    • The Fahrenheit scale commonly used in the US defines water's freezing and boiling points as 32°F and 212°F, respectively.
    • The Celsius scale (often called Centigrade) defines water's freezing and boiling points as 0°C and 100°C, respectively.
    • The Kelvin scale is an absolute scale for measuring temperature.
      • Temperature conversions:
        • T°C = (5/9)(T°F - 32)
        • T°F = (9/5)T°C + 32
        • T°R = T°F + 460
        • TK = T°C + 273

    Chemical Safety

    • Chemical safety focuses on minimizing risks associated with handling chemicals and chemical processes.
    • It involves understanding the physical, chemical, and toxicological hazards of chemicals.
    • Chemical safety aims to protect human health and the environment from the hazards of chemicals.
    • Key aspects of chemical safety:
      • Identify the hazard: Identify the chemicals in the workplace and their associated hazards.
      • Assess the risk: Evaluate the risks posed by chemicals or processes in the workplace.

    Toxic Chemical Examples

    • Hydrogen cyanide gas: Passes through the skin and lungs, prevents oxygen delivery to the brain and heart, and blocks cell respiration.
    • Organic solvents: Often flammable and can be inhaled or absorbed through the skin.
      • Benzene: Can cause leukemia.
      • Carbon tetrachloride: Causes severe liver damage.
      • Carbon disulfide: Affects the brain and nervous system.

    Acids & Bases

    • Acids and bases are corrosive. The severity of damage depends on concentration and exposure duration.

    Strong Acids

    • Have a pH less than 4 and can cause chemical burns.
    • Some strong acids are hydrochloric, nitric, sulfuric, and phosphoric acids.
    • Weak acids (acetic, citric, carbonic) are not corrosive and can be consumed safely.

    Strong Bases

    • Have a pH greater than 10 and can cause chemical burns.
    • Some strong bases are calcium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide, and potassium hydroxide.
    • Weak bases like ammonia and sodium bicarbonate are less harmful.

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    Description

    Test your knowledge on unit conversions, mass, weight, and density with this quiz. Understand the differences between mass and weight, how density is calculated, and the various units that measure these properties. Perfect for students diving into physics and physical science concepts.

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