Questions and Answers
What type of symmetry do nematodes have?
Bilateral.
How many body openings do nematodes have?
Two.
What three digestive parts do nematodes have?
Mouth, intestine, anus.
The nematodes are the first phylum with two _____ _____________.
Signup and view all the answers
What do nematodes eat?
Signup and view all the answers
How many species of nematodes are parasitic?
Signup and view all the answers
Nematodes are the first to live ___ _______.
Signup and view all the answers
What three environments do nematodes live in?
Signup and view all the answers
What is a huge indicator that a worm is in Phylum Nematoda?
Signup and view all the answers
How do roundworms, or nematodes, move?
Signup and view all the answers
Why do nematodes wiggle the way they do?
Signup and view all the answers
What does a nematode's cuticle do?
Signup and view all the answers
Nematodes are the first with separate ________.
Signup and view all the answers
Where does an Ascaris live?
Signup and view all the answers
Where do you get hookworms?
Signup and view all the answers
How do hookworms enter the body?
Signup and view all the answers
How is elephantiasis caused?
Signup and view all the answers
How is river blindness caused?
Signup and view all the answers
What type of roundworms cause elephantiasis and river blindness?
Signup and view all the answers
Are there any external sense organs on the Ascaris?
Signup and view all the answers
Are Ascaris smooth or rough?
Signup and view all the answers
Are there any projections such as bristles on the Ascaris?
Signup and view all the answers
How do you tell male and female Ascaris apart?
Signup and view all the answers
What does Ascaris eat?
Signup and view all the answers
Why does the Ascaris have such a simple digestive system?
Signup and view all the answers
Does Ascaris have a brain?
Signup and view all the answers
What is produced in the ovaries?
Signup and view all the answers
Where does the vagina open to the outside of the worm?
Signup and view all the answers
What is produced in the testes?
Signup and view all the answers
Where do the vas deferens open to the outside of the worm?
Signup and view all the answers
True/false: Most roundworms are parasitic.
Signup and view all the answers
How do the lengthwise muscles in Ascaris work?
Signup and view all the answers
How would a trichina worm get inside a human?
Signup and view all the answers
What things do hookworms cause?
Signup and view all the answers
How do pinworms get inside a host?
Signup and view all the answers
Pinworms are most common in _____.
Signup and view all the answers
Study Notes
Nematoda Overview
- Nematodes exhibit bilateral symmetry, a characteristic that influences their body plan and movement.
- They possess two body openings, marking a significant evolutionary advancement in the animal kingdom.
Digestive System
- The digestive system consists of a mouth, intestine, and anus, allowing for a complete digestive tract.
- Nematodes feed on pre-digested food, which requires a simple digestive system without the need for food processing.
Habitats and Species
- Nematodes are adapted to diverse environments, including marine, freshwater, and moist soil, with some being the first to inhabit land.
- Approximately 1,200 species of nematodes are known to be parasitic, indicating their ecological and economic significance.
Movement and Anatomy
- Roundworms move in a side-to-side wiggling motion due to paired lengthwise muscles.
- Unique body features include tapered ends, which help identify nematodes among other worm types.
Reproductive Characteristics
- Nematodes are dioecious, having separate sexes, an important aspect of their reproductive biology.
- Male Ascaris can be distinguished by a curved posterior end with a structure called a penile spicule, while females possess a vagina that opens at the anterior end.
Parasitic Lifestyle and Disease
- Parasitic nematodes, such as hookworms, enter hosts by burrowing through the skin, often acquired by walking barefoot in contaminated soil.
- Conditions like elephantiasis and river blindness are caused by filarial worms, which invade lymph nodes and blood vessels, or the eyes, respectively.
Common Nematodes and Their Impact
- Ascaris is a notable parasite residing in the intestines of hosts, consuming pre-digested food without a complex digestive system or brain.
- Common ailments caused by hookworms include blood loss and fatigue, while pinworms primarily affect children through oral or skin contact with contaminated sources.
Morphological Features
- Ascaris has a smooth texture with no external sense organs or projections like bristles, which aids in its adaptation to parasitism.
- Female and male reproductive structures include ovaries producing eggs and testes producing sperm, respectively, with specific openings to facilitate reproduction.
Studying That Suits You
Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.
Description
Test your knowledge on Nematoda, a fascinating phylum in the Animal Kingdom. This quiz covers the basic anatomy, symmetry, and digestive system of nematodes. Discover how these organisms have shaped our understanding of biology!
