Unit 8: Human Person as Social Animal

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Questions and Answers

What distinguishes capitalism from feudalism regarding class structure?

Peasants own the land in a capitalist system.

The state owns and controls the means of production in capitalism.

Those who own the capital become the upper class in capitalism. (correct)

Landowners are the upper class in both systems.

Which of the following is a disadvantage of capitalism?

Labor becomes alienated from the means of production. (correct)

Workers have complete ownership of their production.

The public sector controls all economic resources.

Wealth is distributed equally among all classes.

In the context of socialism, who controls the means of production?

Individual landowners maintain ownership.

The state owns and controls the means of production. (correct)

Private corporations manage resources.

Communities share resources equally.

What was a characteristic of primitive communism?

Food and resources were shared among community members. Signup and view all the answers

What does the concept of capital refer to in the means of production?

The tools and equipment used for production. Signup and view all the answers

What is a key characteristic of a Hunting and Gathering Society?

Reliance on resources gathered from the environment. Signup and view all the answers

Which type of society is characterized by the domestication and breeding of animals?

Pastoral Society Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes an Industrial Society from pre-industrial societies?

The incorporation of machines to increase efficiency. Signup and view all the answers

Which is NOT a responsibility of individual human beings to their society?

Defending personal interests alone. Signup and view all the answers

What is one potential consequence of not practicing good behavior in a community?

Increased tension and conflict within the society. Signup and view all the answers

In which type of society does population rotation through farmlands typically occur?

Agrarian Society Signup and view all the answers

What primarily characterizes a post-industrial society?

Flourishing of information and services Signup and view all the answers

According to Karl Marx, what underpins the structure of social relations?

The prevailing social and economic system Signup and view all the answers

How do cultural and traditional effects shape individual lives?

They contribute to defining one's identity and social roles. Signup and view all the answers

What is an example of a limitation imposed by social organizations?

Regulations that may restrict personal choices. Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of land in the means of production?

Space and natural resources for producing goods Signup and view all the answers

What did George Herbert Mead suggest about social interactions?

They help individuals assume the roles of others Signup and view all the answers

How does capitalism primarily influence social structures?

Through the ownership of production by private individuals Signup and view all the answers

What did Plato advocate for within a community?

Social harmony through addressing flaws Signup and view all the answers

What is emphasized in a society influenced by socialism, based on Marx's views?

Collective control of production means Signup and view all the answers

Which statement reflects a misunderstanding of the role of labor in production?

Labor solely means physical work without value Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

This unit introduces the philosophy of the human person, focusing on the concept of humans as social animals.
Learning targets include understanding the impact of culture and tradition on individual lives, and recognizing individual responsibilities to society as a whole, exercising prudence in actions affecting others.

Values and Attitudes

Learners should display good behavior, prudence, value togetherness and traditions, accept differences, and appreciate the importance of laws, rules, and regulations.

Lesson 3: The Institutions of Society

This lesson delves into the various social institutions within a society.

Questions for Discussion

What factors differentiate different societies?
How do these societal differences impact individual lives?

Application

The application activity asks students to analyze the good and bad aspects, opportunities, and limitations of their current group or organization.

Three Forms of Society

Pre-Industrial Society: Population relies solely on environmental resources.
- Hunting and Gathering Society: Tribal societies rely on hunting and gathering for sustenance, with men hunting and women gathering plants.
- Pastoral Society: People domesticate and breed animals for food, clothing, and transportation; they also cultivate plants.
- Horticultural Society: People cultivate plants using tools in suitable environments and no longer are nomadic.
- Agrarian Society: People cultivate and rotate crops using farm animals like oxen. Trading also flourishes.
Industrial Society: Characterized by technological advancements, such as machines, leading to faster and more efficient work; opportunity and trading grow as factories emerge.
- Capitalism: Private individuals own production and distribute goods to markets, leading to social class dominance and inequality.
Post-Industrial Society: Flourishing information exchange and widespread services are central elements, with advanced technology. It is largely characterized by a virtual society.

Everyday Philosophy

Plato's philosophy suggests that disagreements within communities can be resolved to promote harmony and societal growth, with society structuring itself for individual flourishing.

Lesson 4: The Hands that Shape Society

The focus is on how social systems impact individual interactions.

Deeper Dive Insights

George Herbert Mead's perspective emphasizes social roles developed through interactions, with individuals adopting the perspectives of others in social situations.

Karl Marx: A Figure in History

Karl Marx is recognized as a key figure in the socialist and communist movements.
His main ideas are outlined in "The Communist Manifesto" and "Das Kapital."
Marx believed that societal relations are fundamentally shaped by underlying socioeconomic systems.
Society requires land, labor, and capital for wealth creation.
The underlying questions are:
- Who controls these resources?
- Who participates in production?
- Who receives the profits made?

The Means of Production

Land: Refers to the spaces and resources used for production processes.
Labor: The interaction between humans and their environment during production.
Capital: Money, tools, and equipment used to create goods and services, keeping production running.

Primitive Communism: Small groups share food, with no private property.
Feudalism: Landlords control land; peasants live on the land in exchange for labor.
Capitalism: Wealth is concentrated in the hands of capitalists; workers are the lower class.
Socialism: The state controls the means of production, allocating resources based on need and work completed.

Disadvantage of Capitalism

"Alienation of Labor": Working-class individuals create wealth without benefiting from it; they are paid just enough to survive and repeat the cycle.

Integration Activity

Students are to discuss and present their desired changes for Philippine society through a tableau.

Philo-At-Work

Aristotle's philosophy argues that humans are naturally social beings, relying on each other to thrive, with individuals effectively mirroring their social environments.

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Description

This quiz covers the philosophy of the human person, focusing on the human as a social animal. It explores the influence of culture, traditions, and individual responsibilities within society, along with the analysis of various social institutions. Dive into discussions on societal differences and their impact on individual lives.