Classical Liberalism Flashcards

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Questions and Answers

What philosophy is associated with Classical Liberalism?

Limiting government power (correct)

Ignoring individual rights

Expanding government control

Promoting socialism

What does Social Contract signify?

An agreement between the people and their government signifying their consent to be governed.

What is the definition of Minimalist Government?

A government that controls all economic activities

A government with large bureaucracies

A market that produces the best allocation of scarce resources (correct)

A government that intervenes heavily in markets

What does Rationalism emphasize?

Opinions and actions should be based on reason and knowledge rather than on religious belief or emotional response. Signup and view all the answers

What does the Commitment to Market imply?

State should keep its hands away from the market Signup and view all the answers

What is Functionalism in psychology?

A school of psychology that focuses on how mental and behavioral processes function. Signup and view all the answers

Who is David Mitrany?

A scholar who developed Functionalism in the post-war period. Signup and view all the answers

What is Neo-Functionalism?

The theory that cooperation between states in simple areas will lead to more complex cooperation. Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes a Security Community?

A situation in which low expectations of interstate violence permit a high degree of political cooperation. Signup and view all the answers

What is the main idea of 'The Anarchical Society'?

It discusses the concept of international society despite inherent anarchy. Signup and view all the answers

What does 'Pacta Sunt Servanda' mean?

(Latin for) treaties must be respected. Signup and view all the answers

What is the meaning of Rebus Sic Stantibus?

The doctrine that treaty obligations hold only as long as fundamental conditions exist. Signup and view all the answers

Who is referred to as the father of International Law?

Hugo Grotius. Signup and view all the answers

What are the main resources of soft power according to Joseph Nye?

Culture, political values, and foreign policies. Signup and view all the answers

What does 'Fungible' mean in terms of value?

Interchangeable and equivalent in value to satisfy an obligation. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Classical Liberalism

Originates from the philosophy of John Locke and 17th-18th century proponents.
Advocates for individual rights and limited government power.
Emphasizes freedom, democracy, and individual importance.

Represents an agreement between citizens and government.
Signifies the consent of the governed to be ruled.

Minimalist Government

Advocates that markets can best allocate scarce resources without government intervention.
Economic systems self-regulate without needing government oversight.

Rationalism

A belief that decisions and actions should derive from reason and knowledge.
Stresses the importance of rational thought over religious or emotional influences.

Commitment to Market

Promotes a hands-off approach by the state towards market operations.
Influenced by Adam Smith’s "Wealth of Nations" advocating laissez-faire economics.
David Ricardo's principle of comparative advantage.

Functionalism

A psychological school focusing on mental and behavioral processes and their adaptive functions.
Highlights the importance of these processes in human survival and flourishing.

David Mitrany

Associated with functionalism, linking it to classical liberalism.
Developed post-war ideas for state cooperation on technical and economic issues.
Aimed for durable cooperation, particularly in Europe, as a response to national self-governance trends.

Neo-Functionalism

Proposes that initial cooperation in simple areas leads to more complex integrations.
Highlights the role of economic integration as a precursor to political cooperation.
Introduced the concept of "spillover," where early cooperation facilitates future collaboration, emphasized by Ernst Haas.

Security Community

Describes a scenario where reduced expectations of violence lead to heightened political cooperation.
An example is the cooperative dynamics among NATO member states.

The Anarchical Society

A foundational text in the English School of International Relations by Headley Bull.
Accepts the realist notion of anarchy while proposing the existence of an international society.
Emphasizes the regulation of violence and adherence to agreements to protect human life.

Pacta Sunt Servanda

A Latin legal principle dictating that states must adhere to treaties they’ve signed.
Ensures international legal compliance and accountability.

Rebus Sic Stantibus

Translates to "with matters standing thus," suggesting that treaty obligations are valid as long as underlying conditions remain unchanged.

"Grotian"

Refers to the pursuit of International Law, named after Hugo Grotius, the "father of International Law."
Suggests states engage with international law primarily from self-interest motives.

Joseph Nye

Developed concepts of soft and smart power in international relations.
Asserts that nations should cultivate both fear and affection from others.
Identifies culture, political values, and foreign policies as sources of soft power.
Introduced the idea of smart power as an approach to combat challenges like terrorism.

Fungible

Describes assets or resources that are interchangeable and possess equivalent value.
Specifically notes that power is not fungible, indicating that it may not be equally transferable across contexts.

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Test your knowledge of Classical Liberalism through these flashcards. Explore key concepts like individual rights, democracy, and the social contract as articulated by philosophers like John Locke. Perfect for students of political philosophy and history.