Case study Chapter 5
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Questions and Answers

What characterizes multinational companies from emerging markets?

  • They are primarily family-owned businesses.
  • They typically have higher capital intensity than rich-country counterparts.
  • They exhibit rapid growth and a fast pace toward internationalization. (correct)
  • They have advanced technological skills.
  • Which of the following is NOT a term used to describe emerging multinational companies?

  • Established MNCs (correct)
  • Emerging market firms
  • Third world MNCs
  • Unconventional MNCs
  • What is a common disadvantage faced by emerging country MNCs?

  • Better control over foreign subsidiaries
  • Weaker marketing and technological skills (correct)
  • Higher scale of operations
  • Advanced organizational overhead
  • Which company is cited as an example of a Mexican multinational in the baking industry?

    <p>Grupo Bimbo (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do emerging country MNCs generally compare to established MNCs from advanced countries?

    <p>They lag in technology and marketing skills. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one characteristic of the Bimbo Group?

    <p>One of the largest food companies globally. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why are emerging multinational companies referred to as 'latecomers' in international markets?

    <p>They entered the market after established competitors. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does FDI stand for in the context of multinational companies?

    <p>Foreign Direct Investment (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the primary focus of Bimbo Group's international expansion in the 1960s and 1970s?

    <p>Establishing a presence in Latin America (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which company did Bimbo Group acquire in 1996 to enter the U.S. market?

    <p>Mrs. Baird's (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which key acquisition allowed Bimbo Group to expand its product portfolio in the U.S.?

    <p>Entenmann's (B), Thomas' English Muffins (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which year did Bimbo Group enter the European market?

    <p>2011 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What common characteristic defines 'globally born' multinational companies?

    <p>They achieve a level of internationalization within 3 to 5 years (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes globally born MNCs in terms of business model?

    <p>They are often linked to digital business models (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which approach did Airbnb take for its international expansion starting in 2011?

    <p>Adapting to local cultural and regulatory needs (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What key aspect of digital consumer experience helps globally born MNCs?

    <p>Ability to optimize costs (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a defining characteristic of family-owned multinational companies?

    <p>They must have at least 51% of their share capital held among family members. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following companies is a family-owned multinational?

    <p>Walmart (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key issue in the management of family-owned multinational companies?

    <p>Succession planning (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of diversification do current local competitors aim for within multinational companies?

    <p>Expanding local experiences and activities (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is often the source of competitive advantage for family-owned multinational companies?

    <p>Family control and protocols (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Cargill started its operations as which type of business?

    <p>Grain mill (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following family-owned multinational companies is associated with the healthcare industry?

    <p>Roche (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was a significant factor for Cargill's diversification in its operations?

    <p>Getting involved in various areas of the food supply chain (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Flashcards

    Emerging Multinationals

    Multinational companies headquartered and originating in emerging economies, rapidly expanding internationally through FDI and acquisitions.

    Emerging Market Firms

    Another name for companies headquartered in emerging economies that participate in international business.

    Internationalization of Businesses

    The process of a business expanding its operations and activities into international markets.

    Foreign Direct Investment (FDI)

    Investment made by a company or individual in one country into business interests in another country.

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    Cross-Border Acquisitions

    Where one company takes ownership of another company based in a different country.

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    Bimbo Group

    A Mexican baking company, one of the largest in the world, highlighting the growth of MNCs from developing economies.

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    Technological Skills (MNCs)

    A significant factor differentiating 'rich' country and emerging market MNCs, which are often less advanced.

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    Marketing Skills (MNCs)

    A key factor that influences a company's international expansion. Emerging MNCs often have to overcome limitations in marketing skills relative to established ones.

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    Family Owned MNCs

    Multinational companies where at least 51% of the shares are held by family members, either directly or through trusts and holdings.

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    Private Capital

    In family-owned MNCs, decision-making is controlled by family members who hold the majority of the company's shares.

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    Succession Planning

    A critical challenge for family-owned MNCs, ensuring smooth leadership transitions across generations.

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    Competitive Advantage

    Sources of unique strengths for family-owned MNCs, often rooted in their family culture and long-term vision.

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    Cargill: Diversification

    Cargill's expansion beyond its initial grain mill into various areas of the food supply chain, including meat, dairy, and oils.

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    Family Protocol

    Formal guidelines or rules setting out how the family manages the company, including succession and decision-making.

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    Grifols, Puig, Inditex

    Examples of Spanish MNCs that are family owned, showcasing the global reach of such companies.

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    Walmart: Walton Family

    A well-known example of a family-owned MNC, demonstrating the significant role of family ownership in global business.

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    Globally Born MNC

    A multinational company that starts its business with an international focus, usually within 3-5 years of its founding. It often leverages digital business models to expand rapidly across borders.

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    Characteristics of Globally Born MNCs

    These companies typically rely on digital business models throughout the customer journey, prioritize competitive advantage from the beginning, and optimize costs through digital tools, attracting talent worldwide.

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    Airbnb: Globally Born MNC

    An online platform connecting individuals for accommodation rentals globally. Founded in 2008, it gained traction initially in the US market before rapidly expanding internationally in 2011.

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    Adapting to Local Cultures (Globally Born MNCs)

    Globally born MNCs need to adapt to diverse cultures and regulations, such as translating their platform, adjusting payment and security policies, and complying with local laws.

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    Digital Consumer Experience (Globally Born MNCs)

    Globally born firms often build their businesses around a seamless digital consumer experience, optimizing costs and reaching a wider global audience.

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    Competitive Advantage (Globally Born MNCs)

    Globally born firms focus on establishing a strong competitive advantage from the beginning, often through innovation and a unique digital business model.

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    Attracting Global Talent (Globally Born MNCs)

    Globally born firms utilize digital tools and strategies to attract top talent from around the world, building diverse and skilled teams.

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    Digital Business Model (Globally Born MNCs)

    Globally born firms often leverage digital platforms, online interactions, and automated processes to streamline operations and connect with customers internationally.

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    Study Notes

    Section 4: Unit 8 - The New Multinational Companies (MNCs)

    • Multinational companies from emerging markets ("Emerging Multinationals") are registered and based in developing countries, rapidly expanding globally through FDI and cross-border acquisitions.
    • These companies are characterized by rapid internationalization. Other names include emerging MNCs, emerging market firms, and 3rd world MNCs.
    • Emerging multinationals often lag behind established MNCs in technology, marketing skills, organizational overhead, scale, capital intensity, and control over foreign subsidiaries.

    The Phenomenon of the "Globally Born"

    • Digital business models are key to fostering "globally born" MNCs, enabling rapid internationalization within 3-5 years.
    • These MNCs are typically linked to digital business models influencing the entire customer experience.
    • Global competition advantages stem from a digital consumer experience, optimizing costs and attracting global talent.

    Family Owned Multinational Companies

    • These companies are MNCs where family members own at least 51% of the share capital or equity, directly or through entities like trusts.

    • Key characteristics include private capital and family ownership controlling company decision-making. Succession planning within the family is crucial for managing these types of business.

    • Competitive advantages often originate in strong family control and decision-making processes.

    • These companies often exhibit long-term orientations influenced by family management.

    • Examples of family-owned MNCs include Novartis, Roche, Walmart, Oracle, Grifols, Puig, Inditex.

    • Cargill is a well-known example of a family owned multinational company active in agriculture and food sectors, established in 1865. They expanded internationally from the Midwest of the United States, with diversification of activities to include meat, dairy products, oils, and other agricultural products.

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    Description

    Explore the dynamics of emerging multinational companies (MNCs) in this quiz focused on their rapid internationalization. Understand the role of digital business models in shaping globally born MNCs and their competitive advantages. Assess how these firms differ from traditional MNCs in various operational aspects.

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