Unit 2 Classical Republicanism Flashcards

Natural Rights

• Concept rooted in John Locke's philosophy.
• Rights inherent to all individuals, encompassing life, liberty, and property.
• Seen as part of the natural laws governing human behavior.

State of Nature

• Theory presented by Thomas Hobbes and John Locke.
• Refers to a condition without government or established laws.
• Highlights the potential chaos and insecurity in the absence of authority.

Consent of the Governed

• Fundamental principle of democracy.
• Citizens must agree to be ruled by officials chosen to represent them.
• Ensures legitimacy and accountability within government structures.

Social Contract

• An agreement in which individuals collectively give up certain freedoms.
• Aimed at establishing a government that protects natural rights.
• Based on John Locke's belief that reciprocity is vital in relationships among citizens and between the government and the governed.

Classical Republicanism

• An early democratic theory prioritizing the "common good."
• Emphasizes civic virtue, moral education, and tightly-knit communities.
• Aims for a government that nurtures the welfare of the entire society, rather than individual interests.

Civic Virtue

• The expectation that both citizens and leaders prioritize the common good over personal interests.
• Promotes selflessness and a sense of responsibility towards the community.

Common Good

• Refers to benefits and interests that serve the whole community.
• Central to the functioning of a just and effective government.

Majority Rule/Minority Rights

• Governance model where the majority's preferences are reflected in decisions.
• Protects the rights of minorities to ensure equity and justice within the society.

Rule of Law

• Principle asserting that everyone, including those in power, is subject to the law.
• Ensures equality before the law, protects citizens’ rights, and maintains order in society.