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Questions and Answers
What is an example of a semi-sedentary society?
What is an example of a semi-sedentary society?
Dogs were domesticated by humans primarily for companionship.
Dogs were domesticated by humans primarily for companionship.
False
What is the Neolithic Revolution?
What is the Neolithic Revolution?
The transition from hunter-gatherer societies to agriculture and permanent settlements.
Humans began domestication in the _______ Crescent.
Humans began domestication in the _______ Crescent.
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Match the following organisms with their role in domestication:
Match the following organisms with their role in domestication:
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Which of the following describes symbiosis?
Which of the following describes symbiosis?
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Sedentary societies always rely on hunting for their food supply.
Sedentary societies always rely on hunting for their food supply.
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What process involves taming wild species for human use?
What process involves taming wild species for human use?
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What time period marks the transition to the Neolithic Era?
What time period marks the transition to the Neolithic Era?
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Settled communities emerged only after the Younger Dryas period.
Settled communities emerged only after the Younger Dryas period.
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Name one major effect of the transition to agriculture on human life and culture.
Name one major effect of the transition to agriculture on human life and culture.
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The ___________ is a significant example of a sedentary civilization from the early agricultural period.
The ___________ is a significant example of a sedentary civilization from the early agricultural period.
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Match the following terms with their descriptions:
Match the following terms with their descriptions:
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Which of the following best describes the lifestyle during the Paleolithic Era?
Which of the following best describes the lifestyle during the Paleolithic Era?
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The Holocene is the epoch that began after the Younger Dryas.
The Holocene is the epoch that began after the Younger Dryas.
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What climate event occurred around 10,000-9700 BCE that impacted early human populations?
What climate event occurred around 10,000-9700 BCE that impacted early human populations?
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What allowed humans to settle down and form sedentary societies?
What allowed humans to settle down and form sedentary societies?
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The Jomon Culture was known for its development of pottery in Asia.
The Jomon Culture was known for its development of pottery in Asia.
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What type of architecture did the Ukrainian Mammoth Hunters use?
What type of architecture did the Ukrainian Mammoth Hunters use?
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The first semi-sedentary example of a religious site is located at __________.
The first semi-sedentary example of a religious site is located at __________.
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Match the societies with their notable characteristics:
Match the societies with their notable characteristics:
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Which culture is an example of semi-sedentary life found in Europe?
Which culture is an example of semi-sedentary life found in Europe?
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Sedentary societies required people to move frequently.
Sedentary societies required people to move frequently.
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What was a primary reason nomadic societies moved from place to place?
What was a primary reason nomadic societies moved from place to place?
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Study Notes
Unit 2: Humans Settle Down & The Agricultural Revolution
- The Agricultural Revolution occurred around 10,000-11,000 years ago.
Major Questions
-
Question 1: What factors contributed to the emergence of the earliest settled communities?
- Textbook Pages: 27-35
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Question 2: What were the major characteristics of the first transitions to agriculture around the world?
- Textbook Pages: 35-47
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Question 3: What were the main effects of the transition to agriculture on human life and culture?
- Textbook Pages: 47-54
From the Paleolithic Era to Neolithic Era
-
Paleolithic Era (Up to ~12,000 years ago):
- Old Stone Tools
- Nomadic Hunter-Gatherers (Foraging)
- Small communities (25-50 people)
- Constantly on the move
-
Neolithic Era (~12,000 years ago to ~2,000 BCE):
- New Stone Tools
- First Settlements
- Still some Nomadism, but not as common as before
- Formation of Farming Communities thanks to the Agricultural Revolution
Example of Sedentary Civilization: Göbekli Tepe
- Göbekli Tepe, located in southeastern Turkey, is a monumental archaeological site that dates back to around 9600 BCE. It is considered one of the earliest examples of complex, organized societies that constructed large-scale structures. The site features intricate stone carvings and massive T-shaped pillars, showcasing advanced social organization and communal activities typical of settled civilizations.
Webquest
- Students should use their computers to access the assignment "Webquest: Göbekli Tepe" on Blackbaud.
- Students should research online and answer worksheet questions.
- Submit the completed worksheet to Dr. Foster by the end of class.
- Homework: Bring a posterboard to class on Thursday (students can store it in Dr. Foster's room).
Agricultural Revolution
- A visual representation of different depictions of people during the Agricultural Revolution
Earth's Wild Climate During the Paleolithic Period
-
Retreating Ice:
- Defrosting between 26,000 and 20,000 years ago
- Positive effects: More food and new living spaces
-
The Younger Dryas:
- 10,000-9700 BCE
- Brutally cold and dry spell
- Wiped out human/animal/plant life
- Significant impact on parts of the world
The Younger Dryas in Central Greenland
- Graph depicting ice accumulation and temperature changes during the Younger Dryas period.
Welcome To The Holocene!
- The current epoch, spanning between the Younger Dryas and Modern Day.
A Period of Climate Stability
- Demonstrates stable climatic conditions that allowed humans to settle down.
Sedentary Societies - The First Permanent Settlements
- Nomadic Societies: Moving frequently due to weather, food, enemies etc
- Climate Stability Allowed Sedentism: Allowed humans to settle in one place with easier access to food.
Example of Semi-Sedentary & Sedentary Societies
- Examples of semi-sedentary and sedentary societies across different regions (e.g., Ukrainian Mammoth Hunters, Magdalenian Culture, Göbekli Tepe, Jomon Culture, Salmon Settlements).
- Focus on locations and how stable food sources played a significant role in settlement patterns
Q. What do sedentary and/or semi-sedentary societies have in common?
- They settled in locations with relatively stable access to food supplies, allowing them to stop nomadic lifestyles.
The Importance of Domestication & Symbiosis
- Domestication: Taming or cultivating wild plants/animals to benefit humans.
-
Symbiosis: Close relationship between two or more species where both benefit (Mutualism), or one benefits and other is unaffected (Commensalism) or one benefits and other is harmed (Parasitism)
- Examples include humans and pet dogs, humans and useful plants
Specific Examples (Domestication & Symbiosis)
- Dogs: Domesticated in Eurasia, likely 15,000 years ago. Played a role in hunting and provided security. Humans feed, providing mutual advantage.
- Grasses: Cultivation of wheat, barley, rye, rice, and maize (examples). Humans started to develop advanced farming by gathering, storing and planting seeds. Development of agriculture.
What was the Neolithic Revolution?
- Transition from hunter-gatherer societies to agriculture and permanent settlements, approximately 10,000 BCE.
- Occurred in the Fertile Crescent (Mesopotamia), the land between the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers.
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Description
Test your knowledge on the Agricultural Revolution and the transition from the Paleolithic to Neolithic Era. Explore the factors leading to settled communities, the shift to agriculture, and its impacts on human life and culture. Perfect for understanding how early humans adapted their ways of living.
